Helix (Helix) secernenda ROSSMÄSSLER , 1847

Neubert, Eike, 2014, Revision of Helix LINNAEUS, 1758 in its eastern Mediterranean distribution area, and reassignment of Helix godetiana KOBELT, 1878 to Maltzanella HESSE, 1917 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Helicidae), Contributions to Natural History 26, pp. 1-200 : 126-133

Helix (Helix) secernenda ROSSMÄSSLER, 1847 ( Figs 198–209)

1847 Helix secernenda ROSSMÄSSLER, Zeitschrift für Malakozoologie 4: 163–164 [Dalmatien, designation of neotype (= Martini & Chemnitz, Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet 1 (12), Taf. 330, Fig. 1, 2 ) by Zilch 1952 (165)].

1901 Helix secernenda var. montenegrina WOHLBEREDT, Abhandlungen der naturforschenden Gesellschaft GÖrlitz 23: 197 [ Montenegro, Virpazar].

1906 Helix (Helicogena) secernenda kormosi KOBELT, Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet VI : 265, Taf. 367, Fig. 1, 2 [Zengg; = Croatia, Senj, Segna, Segno].

1906 Helix (Helicogena) secernenda njegusensis KOBELT, Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet VI : 266, Taf. 367, Fig. 3, 4 [Karstabhang zwischen Njegus und Cettinje].

1906 Helix (Helicogena) secernenda subligata KOBELT, Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet VI : 266, Taf. 367, Fig. 5, 6 , Taf. 368, Fig. 3, 4 [Karstabhang zwischen Njegus und Cettinje].

1906 Helix (Helicogena) secernenda subalbescens KOBELT, Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet VI : 267, Taf. 367, Fig. 7, 8 [bei Crkvenica in der Nähe von Fiume; = Croatia, Crikvenica, Cirquenizza, Crkvenica close to Rijeka].

1906 Helix (Helicogena) secernenda dimidiata KOBELT, Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet VI : 268, Taf. 368, Fig. 1, 2 [Grizane; = Croatia, Grižane].

1906 Helix (Helicogena) secernenda subobtusata KOBELT, Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet VI : 277, Taf. 371, Fig. 1, 2 [Zabljak].

1909 Helix secernenda ( var. inflata , albanica) WOHLBEREDT, Wissenschaftliche Mitteilungen aus Bosnien und der Herzegowina 11: 654 [ Albanien, Tal des Pronisat "Boga" fide Zilch; = Albania, Bogë, Kisha e Boges, Kisha e Bogës, Boga, Precaj].

Type specimens:

secernenda : neotype SMF 9923, H = 47.65 mm, D = 47.0; montenegrina: syntype ZMB, H = 50.5, D = 49.3; dimidiata: syntype SMF 9699, H = 41.9 mm, D = 39.3; kormosi: syntype SMF 9633, H = 43.25 mm, D = 45.7; njegusensis: syntype SMF 9737, H = 45.5 mm, D = 42.55; subalbescens: syntype SMF 9899, H = 36.6 mm, D = 37.1; subligata: syntype SMF 9747, H = 43.2 mm, D = 44.05; subobtusata: syntype SMF 9782, H = 40.2 mm, D = 40.5; inflata : possible paratype SMF 9919, H = 46.4 mm, D = 45.3; albanica: possible paratype SMF 9904, H = 40.8 mm, D = 38.2.

Specimens examined:

Croatia: Korcula, Pupnat, 4.3 km in dir. Pupnatska Luka, 42.9319 17.0017, 170 m alt., 8.8.1987, NMBE 523252 / 1; Knin, SE border of village, 44.0326 16.1913, 30 m alt., 8.1986, NMBE 523258 / 5; Vrlika, castle, 43.9137 16. 3954, 550 m alt., 30 m alt., 8.1986, NMBE 524224 / 6; Dubravica, 1 km in dir. Metkovic, 43.0281 17.651, 3.8.1972, NMBE 524222 / 1; Metkovic, 500 m in dir. Glusci , 3.8.1972, NMBE 524221 / 1; Paklenica National Park , Starigrad, 44.3002 15.4699, 5.8.1972, NMBE 524218 / 5; Veliki Alan pass, Podgorje Mountains , 44.7091 14.9625, 1100 m alt., 29.7.2002, NMBE 523269 / 1; Karlobag, E border of village, 44.5258 15.0785, 20 m alt., 30.7.2002, NMBE 523263 / 2; Road to Stirovaca, Podgorje Mountains , 44.7045 14. 9211, 250 m alt., 29.7.2002, NMBE 523259 / 7; Komolac, close to the source of the Ombla, 42.6751 18.1392, 25.9.2006, NMBE 523254 / 1; Trstenik, pass above village, 42.9399 17. 3769, 385 m alt., 13.4.2009, NMBE 523243 / 6; Pelješac, Orebic , small footpath to N, 42.9937 17.2054, 200 m alt., 13.4.2009, NMBE 523242 / 7; Zadar, Nationalpark Paklenica, 44.3415 15.4514, 600 m alt., 8.1978, NMBE 512901 / 2; Senj, SW slope of Mt. Nehaj , 44.9883 14.8983, 10 m alt., 18.9.2006, NMBE 512674 / 2; Budva in dir. Cetinje, on the pass close to Martinovici, 42.307 18. 93, 880 m alt., 18.6.1987, NMBE 512576 / 2; hill slope above Trstenik, 42,9287 17.3962, 200 m alt., 10.8.1987, NMBE 523231 / 1; Pelješac, Mt. Sveti Ilija N of Orebic, 42.9905 17. 1596, 210 m alt., 9.8.1987, NMBE 523241 / 7; Pelješac, village border of Trpanj, 43.0017 17.2765, 50 m alt, 10.8.1987, NMBE 524223 / 2; Pelješac, Mt. Carovic , Zagorje Mts., 42.8597 17.541, 370 m alt., 6.8.1987, NMBE 523245 / 3; Pelješac, hill slope at the W border of Sparagovii (= Ponikve), 42.8616 17. 6048, 450 m alt., 6.8.1987, NMBE 523268 / 1; Pelješac, canyon at the Bay of Prapratna , 42.8205 17.6704, 6.8.1987, NMBE 523260 /3.

Montenegro: Orlina (= SE Niksic), Vrtac Lake, S lake shore, 42.7493 18. 8783, 625 m alt., 12.8.1987, NMBE 523230 / 3; Dobrota, bay of Kotor, source of the Ljuta , Orahovac , 42.4862 18.7671, 5 m alt., 22.7.1972, NMBE 524219 / 1; 10 km E Duravci, Mt. Kronistar , S slope, 42.1099 19. 2318, 350 m alt., 21.9.2005, NMBE 522357 / 1; 10 km E Duravci, Mt. Kronistar , S slope, 42.1099 19. 2318, 480 m alt., 16.4.2009, NMBE 523264 / 3; 10 km E Duravci, Mt. Kronistar , S slope, 42.1099 19.2318, 500 m alt., 16.9.2006, NMBE 523250 / 2, NMBE 523229 / 4; 10 km E Duravci, Mt. Kronistar , W slope, 42.1109 19.2321, 500 m alt., 26.9.2006, NMBE 523248 / 2; Kurioci, NW part of the Skutari Lake , 42.3132 19.1885, 23.9.2006, NMBE 523257 / 9; Herceg Novi, Mokrine , 42.5143 18. 4873, 575 m alt., 14.4.2009, NMBE 523249 / 5; 4 km S Arbnes, Rumija Mts. , 42.0583 19. 3535, 350 m alt., 21.9.2005, NMBE 522349 / 1; ditto, 16.4.2009, NMBE 523247 / 2, NMBE 523237 / 1 (check); Rijeka Crnojevica, Obodska Cave , 42.352 19.0053, 110 m alt., 23.9.2006, NMBE 523246 / 1; Krute , canyon 200 m in dir. Ulcinj, 42.0018 19. 2635, 120 m alt., 18.4.2009, NMBE 523244 / 4; 1 km S, Gluhi Do , on a hill, 42.227 19.0654, 50 m alt., 17.4.2009, NMBE 523236 / 1; Tudemili, 17 km in dir. Virpazar, Rumija Mts. , 42.1829 19. 1091, 480 m alt., 25.9.2005, NMBE 522364 / 5; ditto, 15.4.2009, NMBE 523234 / 1; Tudemili, 1 km in dir. Virpazar, Rumija Mts. , 42.1373 19. 1398, 395 m alt., 25.9.2005, NMBE 522371 / 6; Tudemili, 1 km in dir. Virpazar, Rumija Mts. , 42.1323 19.1434, 300 m alt., 25.9.2005, NMBE 522374 / 7; Tudemili, E village border, Rumija Mts. , 42.1323 19.1434, 300 m alt., 25.9.2005, NMBE 522372 / 3; 2 km E Ostros , 42.0989 19. 3046, 130 m alt., 15.9.1985, NMBE 512575 / 1; 4 km S of Tuzi (= SE of Podgorica ), 42.3124 19.3187, 10 m alt., 22.9.2005, NMBE 512906 / 6; road crossing Petrovac – Virpazar, Pastrovici Mts. , 42.2171 19.0219, 600 m alt., 25.9.2005, NMBE 522370 / 1; Buljarica , SW village border, 42.1998 18.9607, 50 m alt., 25.9.2005, NMBE 522375 / 10; Duravci, 4 km E in dir. Ostros, S of the Skutari Lake , 42.1479 19.2191, 300 m alt., 21.9.2005, NMBE 522359 / 1; 4.2 km NW of Mokrine in dir. Trebinje , 42.5322 18. 4671, 770 m alt., 13.10.2004, NMBE 522356 / 2; 8 km von Kameno in dir. Crkvice , 42.488 18.5813, 1010 m alt., 13.10.2004, NMBE 522373 / 2; 8.5 km von Kameno in dir. Crkvice , 42.4891 18.5834, 1050 m alt., 13.10.2004, NMBE 522350 / 3; Kameno, above village, 42.4899 18.5364, 13.10.2004, NMBE 522369 / 1; Mokrine , NW border, 42.5143 18. 4873, 520 m alt., 13.10.2004, NMBE 522354 / 8; ditto, 19.9.2005, NMBE 522352 / 6; S crossroads Sutorina – Njivice – Igalo, 42.457 18.4919, 17.9.2006, NMBE 523232 / 3; Kolasin , 42.82 19. 52, 950 m alt., 29.5.2010, NMBE 23353 / 1; Komarno, Jabukov Do Cave , 42.2736 19.0703, 23.9.2005, NMBE 522366 / 1; Kotor, 42.4248 18.7719, 24.7.1972, NMBE 524220 / 2; Kotor , at the southern city walls, 42.4224 18.7715, 15 m alt., 12.10.2004, NMBE 522362 / 1; Kotor Bay between Risan and Perast, above Monastery Banja , 42.5028 18.6948, 50 m alt., 20.9.2005, NMBE 522368 / 2; Kotor Bay, Lipci , 42.498 18.6543, 50 m alt., 20.9.2005, NMBE 522365 / 1; Kotor–Skaljari , hill slope, 42.413 18. 7615, 150 m alt., 20.9.2005, NMBE 522348 / 3; Kotor – Skaljari, SW border, hill slope, 42.4116 18.7623, 200 m alt., 24.9.2005, NMBE 522355 / 2; Mali Kaliman , 42.0387 19. 2673, 350 m alt., 21.9.2005, NMBE 522360 & 1; Medun NE of Podgorica, 42.4777 19. 3677, 450 m alt., 22.9.2005, NMBE 522353 / 2; Njegusi / Lovcen National Park , 42.4 18.81, 1650 m alt., 2010, NMBE 23351 / 1, NMBE 23350 / 1 (alk.); Orahovac , NW village border, 42.4901 18.7532, 20 m alt., 9.2005, NMBE 522367 / 1; Petrovac, Rijeka–Rezevici , 42.2281 18. 9132, 170 m alt., 18.9.2005, NMBE 522351 / 2; Petrovac, valley N of Perazica Do , 42.2133 18.9294, 100 m alt., 18.9.2005, NMBE 522361 / 2; Stari Bar , canyon in the NE, 42.0974 19.1381, 200 m alt., 21.9.2005, NMBE 522347 / 6; Korita, canyon at Mt. Ma e Sokolit , 42.4873 19.5492, 1370 m alt., 22.9.2005, NMBE 522347 / 6; 4 km S Tuzi, SE of Podgorica , 42.3539 19.3416, 60 m alt., 22.9.2005, NMBE 522363 / 24; Virpazar, W of road to Podgorica , 42.2515 19.0887, 20 m alt., 22.9.2005, NMBE 522358 /2.

Bosnia and Hercegovina : close to Mostar, 11.4.1966, leg. W. Fauer coll. Subai.

Albania: Qafa e Pejes, N of Okol, 42.4416 19.7738, 1700 m alt., 6.7.2003, NMBE 512574 /1.

Diagnosis: shell large, thin, elongate spherical, all five spirals separate, aperture cream with columellar triangle brownish; epiphallus as long as penis, glandulae mucosae longer than dart sac, short diverticulum, bursa copulatrix stem short.

Description: shell of medium to large size, thin, elongate spherical, with a high conical spire; basic shell colour greyish white with chestnut brown spirals, usually all five spirals separate, sometimes, spiral No. 2 fused with No. 3; protoconch small in comparison to shell, its diameter ranging from 5–6 mm, smooth, white whorls; teleoconch of 3–4 smooth whorls with fine axial growth riblets; last whorl only slightly descending below the periphery; aperture large, subquadrate to rounded, apertural rim narrow, labial callus weak, cream coloured, usually columellar triangle brownish coloured; columellar triangle small; umbilicus closed in adult shells.

Genital organs ( Fig. 208 ): penis club-shaped, epiphallus as long as penis; flagellum long, exceeding the length of epiphallus+penis three times; mrp attaching in a central position on the epiphallus; internally, both papillae of equal size, penial chamber short, with a few elongate folds, both papillae conical with a central perforation; atrial stimulator a rounded knob; female system with a very short vaginal tube, dart sac and glandulae mucosae strongly developed, the glandulae with a basic stem, multi-branched, longer than dart sac; pedunculus stem long, with a thick and short diverticulum, bursa copulatrix stem shorter than pedunculus stem, vesicle rounded and bent downwards.

Distribution ( Fig. 209 ): This species is distributed on the northern half of the Balkan Peninsula, mainly in the area of the former Yugoslavia and Albania. Dhora & Welter-Schultes (1996) do not discriminate between H. secernenda and H. schlaeflii , however, the figures supplied by them (1996: 197, plate 16) show that only Fig. 218–219 from " region Shkoder, 1 km E Zogaj" can be attributed to H. secernenda . This place is close to the border to Montenegro. All other figures ( Figs 216, 217 and 220, 221 ) represent H. schlaeflii , as can be seen from the smaller and more rounded aperture and the finely striated shell surface. All these figures are records from southern Albania near the bor- der with Greece. Currently it is not clear, where the boundary between the two taxa can be found, a re-investigation of the specimens that are illustrated in the distribution map of Dhora & Welter-Schultes (1996: 169) could clarify this question.

Remarks: For differences to H. schlaeflii refer to this species.

Figures

Figs 1–9. Helix (Helix) pomatia LINNAEUS, 1758. Fig. 1 compacta, syntype SMF 9573, D = 50.07, Hungary "Gestrüppe der Berglehnen"; Fig. 2 pulskyana, syntype SMF 9525/2a, Hungary "Inseln der Donau", D = 36.6; Fig. 3 hajnaldiana, syntype SMF 9658, Hungary "Budapest, im botanischen Garten", D = 34.1; Fig. 4 solitaria, syntype SMF 74708/2a, D = 31.1; Fig. 5 sabulosa, syntype SMF 9524, D = 40.5, Fig. 6 expansilabris, holotype SMF 9538, D = 45.5; Fig. 7 luteola, holotype SMF 9527, D = 34.6; Fig. 8 pannonica, lectotype SMF 9535, D = 40.5, Fig. 9 lednicensis, syntype SMF 9534/2a, D = 38.3. — All photos Neubert, original size.

Fig. 208. Helix (Helix) secernenda ROSSMÄSSLER, 1847. Genital organs. NMBE 23350, Lovcen National Park, situs 46.05.

Fig. 209. Helix (Helix) secernenda ROSSMÄSSLER, 1847. Distribution.

Figs 210–218. Helix (Helix) dormitoris KOBELT, 1898. Fig. 210 lectotype dormitoris SMF 9755, Durmitor, D = 32.75; Fig. 211 lectotype lubnicensis SMF 9788, Ljubicna, D = 33.2; Fig. 212 lectotype kolaschinensis SMF 9721, Kolašin, D = 33.0; Fig. 213 holotype pivensis SMF 9727, Durmitor gegen das Pivathal, D = 37.05; Fig. 214 holotype stolacensis SMF 9732, Berg Stolac, D = 42.55; Fig. 215 lectotype bosnica SMF 9757, Bjelasnica bei Serajewo, D = 30.0; Fig. 216 holotype sturanyi SMF 9772, Gacko, D = 31.09; Fig. 217 paratype hajlensis SMF 60085, Hajila Berg unweit Péc, D = 33.7; Fig. 218 paratype arnautorum SMF 60084, Aleksandrova vis, D = 31.65. — All photos Neubert, original size.

Fig. 219. Helix (Helix) dormitoris KOBELT, 1898. Distribution.

Figs 220–224. Helix (Helix) schlaeflii MOUSSON, 1859. Fig. 220 syntype schlaeflii ZMZ 506230/a, Iannina, Sziza, D = 39.8; Fig. 221 syntype praestans GMN 1754, Corfu, Pantocrator, D = 48.0; Fig. 222 holotype krüperi SMF 9584, Agnanta, Pindos, D = 46.4; Fig. 223 NMBE 520399, Jablanitsa Mts., D = 40.24; Fig. 224 NMBE 524743, Porto Koufos, D = 42.05. — All photos Neubert, original size.