Hadruroides charcasus ( Karsch, 1879 ), 1975

Ochoa, José A. & Prendini, Lorenzo, 2010, The Genus Hadruroides Pocock, 1893 (Scorpiones: Iuridae), in Peru: New Records and Descriptions of Six New Species, American Museum Novitates 2010 (3687), pp. 1-56 : 26

Hadruroides charcasus ( Karsch, 1879)

Figures 2 , 4E

Hadrurus charcasus Karsch, 1879: 135 .

Hadrurus paaschi Karsch, 1881: 290 (synonymized by Maury, 1975: 11); Williams, 1970: 31.

Caraboctonus charcasus: Pocock, 1893a: 92 .

Hadruroides charcasus: Pocock, 1893b: 329, 1900: 475 ; Williams, 1970: 31; Maury, 1975: 11–13, figs. 1–10 ; Francke, 1977: 75; Francke and Soleglad, 1980: 11; Moritz and Fischer, 1980: 312; Francke and Soleglad, 1981: 245, figs. 30–33; Lourenço, 1994: 157, 1998: 141, fig. 8 ; Kovařík, 1998: 135; Sissom and Fet, 2000: 411; Lourenço and Dastych, 2001: 56; Acosta and Ochoa, 2002: 19; Soleglad and Fet, 2003a: 5, 2003b: 8; Fet et al., 2004: 18, 24, figs. 15 , 16, 35, 48, 2006: 269, fig. 8 ; Ochoa and Chaparro, 2008: 5; Francke and Prendini, 2008: 210, 218, fig. 4, table 4; Fet and Soleglad, 2008: 257, figs. 5, 22–26, table 3; Kamenz and Prendini, 2008: 25, 43, pl. 64, table 2 ; Volschenk et al., 2008: 661, 675, fig. 5A, tables 1 , 2 .

Hadruroides lunatus: Kraepelin, 1894: 207 (part); Kraepelin, 1899: 188 (part); Kraepelin, 1901: 274 (part); Mello-Leitão, 1945: 120 (part).

TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype ♀ [ Hadrurus charcasus ] ( ZMB 3062 ), BOLIVIA [erroneous], Wascewicz . Holotype ♂ [ Hadrurus paaschi ] ( ZMB 4072 ), ECUADOR .

NEW RECORDS: PERU: Lambayeque Department: Lambayeque Province: Southern Olmos (05 ° 59 ' 30 " S 79 ° 44 ' 36 " W, 175 m), 1 juv. ( AMNH); Motupe (06 ° 09 ' 12 " S 79 ° 42 ' 53 " W, 133 m), 20.viii.1969, G. Arboleda, 2 ♀ ( AMNH), 3.iv.1970, G. Arboleda, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 3 juv. ( AMNH); between Porculla and intersection to Olmos, 05 ° 56 ' 09.6 " S 79 ° 35 ' 55.1 " W, 498 m, 17.i.2008, R. Gutiérrez, D. Apaza and J.A. Ochoa, 1 ♀ ( MHNC); EPM Anchovira, between Motupe and Jayanca, near intersection to Salas , 06 ° 16 ' 02.7 " S 79 ° 44 ' 10.7 " W, 101 m, 17.i.2008, R. Gutiérrez, D. Apaza and J.A. Ochoa, 3 ♂, 1 ♀, 1 juv. ( AMNH), 2 ♂, 2 ♀, 3 juv. ( MHNC); Northern Lambayeque (06 ° 41 ' S 79 ° 54 ' W, 17 m), 13.xi.1970, 3 ♂, 10 ♀, 9 juv. ( AMNH) . Piura Department: Sechura Province : Sechura (05 ° 33 ' 52 " S 80 ° 48 ' 41 " W, 15 m), 14.xi.1970, 1 ♀, 1 juv. ( AMNH) .

DIAGNOSIS: Hadruroides charcasus may be distinguished from all other species of the genus by means of the carination of the pedipalp chela. The internomedian, dorsointernal, and dorsal marginal carinae are well developed, comprising strong granules in adult H. charcasus , compared with other species of Hadruroides , in which the pedipalp chela is acarinate.

DISTRIBUTION: Hadruroides charcasus is widely distributed throughout northern Peru. It has been recorded from the Lambayeque, Piura, and Tumbes departments, as well as the western slopes of the Andes in Cajamarca Department ( Maury, 1975; Francke, 1977). Specimens examined during the present study were collected at elevations between 15 and 498 m (fig. 2). It is doubtful whether this species occurs in the inter-Andean valleys on the eastern side of the Cordillera. Maury’s (1975) record from Baños del Inca (2660 m, Cajamarca Department) is probably erroneous. We conducted several field expeditions to the Cajamarca region and H. carinatus was the only Hadruroides species collected at Baños del Inca. Other records from Cajamarca, Trujillo, Tumbes, and Lobos de Afuera ( Maury, 1975; Francke, 1977) should be reassessed.

ECOLOGY: The vegetation in the region inhabited by H. charcasus is characterized by cacti, shrubs, and scattered trees, e.g., Bursera graveolens (Kunth) Triana and Planch. (Burseraceae) , Capparis sp. (Brassicaceae) , Ceiba insignis (Kunth) Gibbs and Semir (Malvaceae) , Loxopterigium huasango Spruce ex Engl. ( Anacardiaceae ), Prosopis pallida (Humboldt and Bonpland ex Willdenow) Kunth (Fabaceae) . Hadruroides charcasus is sympatric with H. leopardus .

Figures

Fig. 2. Map of Peru, plotting known locality records of Hadruroides Pocock, 1893. Hadruroides carinatus Pocock, 1900, open circles. Hadruroides charcasus (Karsch, 1879), solid squares. Hadruroides chinchaysuyu, n. sp., diamonds. Hadruroides juanchaparroi, n. sp., solid circles. Hadruroides lunatus (L. Koch, 1867), open squares. Hadruroides mauryi Francke and Soleglad, 1980, open triangles. Undetermined Hadruroides species, stars.

Fig. 4. Hadruroides Pocock, 1893, habitus in life. A. Hadruroides carinatus Pocock, 1900, ♂. B. Hadruroides chinchaysuyu, n. sp., ♀. C. Hadruroides geckoi, n. sp., ♂. D. Hadruroides graceae, n. sp., ♂. E. Hadruroides charcasus (Karsch, 1879), ♂.

Fig. 1. Map of Peru, plotting known locality records of Hadruroides Pocock, 1893. Hadruroides aguilari Francke and Soleglad, 1980, solid circle. Hadruroides bustamantei Ochoa and Chaparro, 2008, squares. Hadruroides geckoi, n. sp., open triangle. Hadruroides graceae, n. sp., open circle. Hadruroides leopardus Pocock, 1900, diamonds. Hadruroides tishqu, n. sp., solid triangles. Hadruroides vichayitos, n. sp., star.

Fig. 3. Hadruroides Pocock, 1893, habitats in Peru. A. Puchaca Alto (Lambayeque Department), habitat of Hadruroides leopardus Pocock, 1900. B. Balsas (Cajamarca Department), habitat of Hadruroides geckoi, n. sp. C. Cerro Campana (La Libertad Department), habitat of Hadruroides juanchaparroi, n. sp. D. Wari (Ayacucho Department), habitat of Hadruroides bustamantei Ochoa and Chaparro, 2008. E. Isla Santa (Ancash Department), habitat of Hadruroides tishqu, n. sp. F. Playa Vichayitos (Piura Department), habitat of Hadruroides vichayitos, n. sp. G. Lomas de Lachay (Lima Department), habitat of Hadruroides lunatus (L. Koch, 1867).

Fig. 6. Hadruroides chinchaysuyu, n. sp., habitus. A, B. Holotype ♂ (MHNC). C, D. Paratype ♀ (MHNC). A, C. Dorsal aspect. B, D. Ventral aspect. Scale bars 5 1 cm.

Fig. 7. Hadruroides Pocock, 1893, diagnostic characters. A, C. Hadruroides chinchaysuyu, n. sp., paratype ♂ (MHNC). B, D. Hadruroides maculatus (Thorell, 1876), ♂ (MHNC). A, B. Carapace. C, D. Sternite VII and metasomal segment I, ventral aspect. Scale bars 5 1 mm.

Fig. 8. Hadruroides chinchaysuyu, n. sp., diagnostic characters. A, B. Paratype ♀ (MHNC). A. Metasomal segment V, lateral aspect. B. Telson, lateral aspect. C–I. Paratype ♂ (MHNC). C. Dextral pedipalp chela, external aspect. D. Metasomal segments IV, V and telson, lateral aspect. E. Dextral pedipalp chela, ventral aspect. F. Metasomal segment IV, ventral aspect. G. Dextral pedipalp femur, dorsal aspect. H. Dextral pedipalp patella, dorsal aspect. I. Tergite V, dorsal aspect showing pigmentation pattern. Scale bars 5 1 mm.

Fig. 9. Hadruroides Pocock, 1893, diagnostic characters. A–C. Hadruroides chinchaysuyu, n. sp. A. Paratype ♂ (MHNC), leg III, dextral patella, dorsal aspect. B. Paratype ♀ (MHNC), dextral pedipalp chela, external aspect. C. Paratype ♂ (MHNC), metasomal segments III–V, ventral aspect showing pigmentation pattern. D. Hadruroides maculatus (Thorell, 1876), ♂ (MHNC), leg III, dextral patella, dorsal aspect. E–H. H. chinchaysuyu, holotype ♂ (MHNC), sinistral hemispermatophore. E. Ental aspect. F. Dorsal aspect. G. Ectal aspect. H. Ventral aspect. Scale bars 5 1 mm.

Fig. 10. Hadruroides geckoi, n. sp., habitus. A, B. Paratype ♂ (AMNH). C, D. Paratype ♀ (AMNH). A, C. Dorsal aspect. B, D. Ventral aspect. Scale bars 5 1 cm.

Fig. 15. Hadruroides graceae, n. sp., holotype ♂ (MHNC). A. Metasomal segment V and telson, lateral aspect. B. Metasomal segment IV, lateral aspect. C. Metasomal segment IV, ventral aspect. D. Metasomal segment V, ventral aspect. E. Dextral pedipalp patella, dorsal aspect. F. Dextral pedipalp femur, dorsal aspect. G. Dextral pedipalp chela, ventrointernal aspect. H. Dextral pedipalp chela, ventral aspect. I. Dextral pedipalp chela, external aspect. Scale bars 5 1 mm.