Gyrophaena (s.str.) frolovi Enushchenko, 2024

Enushchenko, Ilya V., Makarov, Kirill V. & Shavrin, Alexey V., 2024, Review of the subtribe Gyrophaenina Kraatz, 1856 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae: Homalotini) of Kunashir Island, with notes on species of Far Eastern Russia, Zootaxa 5535 (1), pp. 1-81 : 49-51

3.2.3. Gyrophaena (s.str.) frolovi Enushchenko , sp. nov.

( Figs 202–216 , 296 )

Type material examined. Holotype ♂ (dissected): ‘АмурскаЯ область, Сковородинский р-н, левый берег р. Урка, 8 км С п. Ерофей Павлович, 54º00’40,89’’N 121º57’43,77’’E. 525 m a.s.l., на Lyophyllum fumosum (Fr.) P.D. Orton. 27.VIII.2014. А. В. Шаврин & И. В. ЕнуЩенко [Amur Area, Skovorodinsliy District, left side of Urka River, 8 km N Yerofey Pavlovitch … on Lyophyllum fumosum […] A. V. Shavrin& I. V. Enushchenko leg.]’, ‘ HOLOTYPE | Gyrophaena (s.str.) | frolovi sp. nov. | Enushchenko I. V. | 2023 des.’ <red, printed> ( ZMM).

Paratypes: 3 ♂♂ (2♂♂, 1 ♀ dissected), 7 ♀♀: same data as the holotype (cIE); 1 ♂ (dissected), 1 ♀: ‘АмурскаЯ область, Зейский район, Зейский Заповедник, блиЗ кордона Тёплый Ключ, 53.85538°N 127.36104°E, 370 м. Крутой каменистый распадок: подстилка под лимонником и барбарисом с дубом, леЩиной, черемухой, Злаками и осоками. 30.08.2016. А.Б. Рывкин [Amur Area, Zeyskiy District, Zeyskiy Nature Reserve, near Tyoplyi Klyutch kordon […] 370 m a.s.l., steep rocky fold: leaf litter under Schisandra chinensis and Berberis amurensis with Quercus mongolica , Corylus heterophylla , Padus asiatica , Poaceae gen. spp., Carex spp. 30.VIII.2016.A.B. Ryvkin leg.]’ (cIE); 5 ♂♂ (two specimens dissected), 3 ♀♀: ‘ Хабаровский край, Верхнебуреинский район, природный парк “Усть-Ургал” (проект), р. БуреЯ напротив ЗимовьЯ Ердак. 260 м. В древесных и наЗемных грибах вдоль лесной дороги. 05.08.2009. А.Б.Рывкин. [Khabarovsk Territory, Verkhnebureinskiy District, Ust’-Urgal Nature Park (project), Bureya River opposite Yerdak winterhut. 260 m a.s.l., in epigenous and geophilous fungi along forest road […] A.B. Ryvkin leg.]’ ( ZMM, cIE); 1 ♂ (dissected), 4 ♀♀: ‘ Хабаровский край, Хабаровский район, Большехехцирский Заповедник, блиЗ кордона Соснинского, 48°16.752’N 134°45.517’E. 53 м. Пластинчатые грибы в пойменном лесу. 10.09.2015. А.Б. Рывкин [Khabarovskiy District, Bol’shekhekhtsyrskiy Nature Reserve, near Sosninskiy cordon, […] 53 m a.s.l., gill fungi in flood-plain forest. […]A.B. Ryvkin leg.]’ (cIE); 1 ♂ (dissected): ‘ Приморский край, Уссурийский р-н, Анисимовка, ручей Ключ Смольный, 43°07.744’N 132°45.626’E. На Lepiota sp. 3 .IX.2021. Ю.A. Ребриев [Maritime Province, Ussuriyskiy District, Anisimovka, Klyuch Smol’nyi stream, […]. In Lepiota sp. […]. Yu.A. Rebriev leg.] (cIE); 1 ♀: ‘ Приморский край, Каменушка. 20. VI.1980. А.Б. Рывкин [Maritime Province, Kamenushka. […]. A.B. Ryvkin leg.’ ( ZMM); 1 ♀: ‘ Приморский край, Хасанский р-н, РЯЗановка. 21.IX.2001. А.А. Полилов [Maritime Province, Khasanskiy District, Ryazanovka. […]. A.A. Polilov leg.]’ (cIE). All paratypes with additional red printed label: ‘ PARATYPE | Gyrophaena (s.str.) frolovi sp. nov. | Enushchenko I. V. | 2023 des.’ (cIE).

Description. Body length 1.30–2.00 mm. Habitus as in Fig. 202 (holotype) and in Fig. 211 (paratype). Body reddish-brown, with distinctly darker head, apical portions of elytra and abdominal tergites V–VI and paler latero-apical portions of elytra; mouthparts, antennomeres 1–4 and legs yellow (antennomeres 5–11 distinctly darker). Body with fine microsculpture. Head with distinct isodiametric microsculpture, indistinct in apical and postocular portions; pronotum and elytra with finely visible microreticulation; abdominal tergites with fine, indistinct, transverse microreticulation. Head distinctly transverse, 1.7 times as wide as long, with several large punctures in lateral portions. Antennomeres 5–9 subquadrate; basal antennomere about two and a half times as long as wide; 2 slightly narrower and distinctly shorter than basal antennomere, 3 distincty shorter and significantly narrower than 2, 4 slightly broader than long, about twice shorter than 3, 5–7 distinctly longer and broader than 4, 8–9 indistinctly broader than 7, 10 transverse, slightly shorter than 9, apical antennomere slightly more than twice as long as 10, from about middle gradually narrowed apicad toward subacute apex. Pronotum convex, transverse, 1.6 times as wide as long, 1.2 times as wide as head; surface of disc with two longitudinal rows of serial moderately large punctures (two punctures located near apical and two near basal margins) and with additional several (4–5) punctures in lateral portions; median surface of disc of pronotum without punctures. Elytra 1.8 times as wide as long, indistinctly longer than pronotum, with distinct fine and dense punctation, with irregularly scattered punctures, lateral and apical portions without distinct punctation.

Male. Abdominal tergites VI–VII with several elongate tubercles in middle. Apical margin of abdominal tergite VIII with two strong and long lateral and with two short medial teeth ( Fig. 206 ). Apical margin of abdominal sternite VIII somewhat rounded ( Fig. 207 ). Basal portion of aedeagus and median lobe relatively wide, with small elongate mediodorsal projection, slightly narrowed toward subacute apex; dorsal projection moderately long and narrow, with bifurcate truncate apices; dorsomedian part of median lobe with widely sinuate margin between median lobe and ventral plate; ventral plate long, sickle-shaped,strongly curved, from widest basal portion strongly narrowed toward acute apex, with narrow and moderately long projection on outer margin in preapical portion ( Fig. 203 ). Ventral aspect of the aedeagus as in Fig. 203 . Paramere as in Fig. 205 .

Female. Apical margin of abdominal tergite VIII truncate ( Fig. 208 ). Apical margin of abdominal sternite VIII rounded ( Fig. 209 ). Spermatheca as in Fig. 210 .

Comparative notes. Based on the morphological features provided by Seevers (1951), the new species belongs to the bihamata group, distributed in the Holarctic region (one Transpalaearctic and six Nearctic species). Based on the general proportions of the body, microsculpture, punctation and coloration, the general shapes of antennomeres 4 and 5, as well as shapes of the aedeagus and the male abdominal tergite VIII, the new species is more similar to the Transpalaearctic G. (s.str.) bihamata and Nearctic G. (s.str.) michigana Seevers, 1951 . Besides that, based on the external and internal morphological features, it is also similar to the Nearctic G. (s.str.) gaudens Casey 1906 and G. (s.str.) uteana Casey 1906 . From G. (s.str.) bihamata , it can be distinguished by finer microsculpture of the pronotum and the elytra, distinctly finer and denser punctation of the elytra, and the different shape of the ventral plate of the aedeagus. From G. (s.str.) gaudens , G. michigana and G. (s.str.) uteana , it can be distinguished by the finer punctation of the pronotum and less transverse antennomeres 4–9. For additional morphological differences see the key to species of the bihamata group below.

1 Microsculpture of body indistinct, fine.................................................................... 2

- Microsculpture of body distinct, moderately large........................................................... 3

2 Elytra with sparse punctation and with small sparse tubercles on posterio-lateral portions. Aedeagus broad in ventral view; ventral plate with wide apical portion and slightly protruded apex (see Figs 116 c, d in Seevers (1951)). Body length: 1.40–1.70 mm. Nearctic species........................................................................... G. uteana

- Elytra with dense punctation, without tubercles. Aedeagus narrow in ventral view ( Fig. 204 ); ventral plate with narrow apical portion, with elongate and markedly curved apex ( Fig. 203 ). Body length: 1.40–2.20 mm .............. G. frolovi sp. nov.

3 Antennomere 4 relatively large, subquadrate or slightly elongate. Aedeagus as in Fig. 115 a in Seevers (1951) and Fig. 5 in Enushchenko & Semenov (2016). Male abdominal tergite VIII as in Fig. 115 b in Seevers (1951) and Fig. 6 in Enushchenko & Semenov (2016). Body length: 1.70–2.20 mm. Transpalaearctic species................................. G. bihamata

- Antennomere 4 small, transverse. Nearctic species.......................................................... 5

5 Elytra with distinct microsculpture and sparse tubercles in lateroapical portions. Apical margin of male abdominal tergite VIII with narrow lateral and small indistinct median teeth ( Fig. 116 b in Seevers (1951) and Fig. 154 in Klimaszewski et al. (2009)). Basal part of ventral plate of aedeagus slightly convex and apical part elongate, narrow, with small dorso-apical projection ( Fig. 116 a in Seevers (1951) and Fig. 152 in Klimaszhewski et al. (2009)). Body length: 1.40–1.75 mm ........... G. gaudens

- Elytra with indistinct microsculpture and dense tubercles in lateroapical portions. Apical margin of male abdominal tergite VIII with relatively wide lateral and distinct median teeth ( Fig. 116 f in Seevers (1951) and Fig. 147 in Klimaszhewski et al. (2009)). Basal part of ventral plate of aedeagus strongly convex and apical part moderately short, widened, with large elongate dorsoapical projection ( Fig. 116 e in Seevers (1951)). Body length: 1.40–1.60 mm ............................ G. michigana

Distribution. Gyrophaena (s.str.) frolovi sp. nov. is known from several localities ( Fig. 296 ) in Amur Area, Khabarovsk Territory and Maritime Province (Far Eastern Russia).

Etymology. The new species is dedicated to our friend and colleague, paleobotanist, specialist of the Jurassic flora of Irkutsk-Cheremkhovskiy Coal Basin, Andrey O. Frolov (Institute of the Earth`s crust SB RAS, Irkutsk) for his help during preparations of photographs of aedeagi and terminalia.

Bionomics. Specimens were collected at elevations from 53 to 525 m a.s.l. The holotype and several paratypes were collected in Lyophillum fumosum . Several paratypes were sifted from leaf litter and mushrooms; one paratype was found in Lepiota sp.

Figures

FIGURES 202–210. Gyrophaena (s.str.) frolovi: 202—habitus (holotype), 203—aedeagus, lateral view (paratype), 204— aedeagus, ventral view (paratype), 205—paramere, 206—male abdominal tergite VIII, 207—male abdominal sternite VIII, 208—female abdominal tergite VIII, 209—female abdominal sternite VIII, 210—spermatheca. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (Fig. 202), 0.1 mm (Figs 203–210).

FIGURES 211–216. Gyrophaena (s.str.) sp.: 211—habitus, 212—aedeagus, lateral view, 213—aedeagus, ventral view, 214— paramere, 215—male abdominal tergite VIII, 216—male abdominal sternite VIII. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (Fig. 211), 0.1 mm (Figs 212–216).

FIGURES 289–296. Distribution of Gyrophaena (Figs 289–291, 294–296) and Sternotropa (Figs 292–293) in Eastern Siberia and Far Eastern Russia: 289—G. (s.str.) yotsudeba, 290—G. (s.str.) sp. 1, 291—G. (Phaenogyra) tetracuspidata, 292—S. aiaia, 293—S. kamuy, 294—G. (s.str.) affinis, 295—G. (s.str.) discoidea, 296—G. (s.str.) frolovi.

FIGURES 113–117. Gyrophaena (s.str.) robertopacei: 113—habitus (holotype), 114—aedeagus, lateral view (holotype), 115— paramere, 116—male abdominal tergite VIII, 117—male abdominal sternite VIII. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (Fig. 113), 0.1 mm (Figs 114—117).

FIGURES 5–12. Gyrophaena (s.str.) anastasiarum: 5—habitus, 6—aedeagus, lateral view, 7—aedeagus, ventral view, 8— paramere, 9—male abdominal tergite VIII, 10—male abdominal sternite VIII, 11—female abdominal tergite VIII, 12—female abdominal sternite VIII. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (Fig. 5), 0.1 mm (Figs 6–12).

FIGURES 148–155. Gyrophaena (s.str.) torta: 148—habitus, 149—aedeagus, lateral view, 150—male abdominal tergite VIII, 151—paramere, 152—male abdominal sternite VIII, 153—female abdominal tergite VIII, 154—female abdominal sternite VIII, 155—spermatheca. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (Fig. 148), 0.1 mm (Figs 149–155).

FIGURES 143–147. Gyrophaena (s.str.) taiwanova: 143—habitus, 144—aedeagus, lateral view, 145—paramere, 146—male abdominal tergite VIII, 147—male abdominal sternite VIII. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (Fig. 143), 0.1 mm (Figs 144–147).