Gretnini Grishin, 2019

Cong, Qian, Zhang, Jing, Shen, Jinhui & Grishin, Nick V., 2019, Fifty new genera of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera), Insecta Mundi 731 (731), pp. 1-56 : 5

Gretnini Grishin , new tribe

http://zoobank.org/ E7F984DE-BC49-4617-8624-9630FCEE18F3

Type genus. Gretna Evans, 1937 .

Definition. Placed as a sister to all other Hesperiinae but Aeromachini Tutt, 1906, Ceratrichiini trib. n. and Astictopterini Swinhoe, 1912 in all genomic trees, this stand-alone lineage has no close relatives ( Fig. 1 ). Keys to VIII.B.(b)(b 1)(a 2)(a 3)(a 4) in Evans (1937), and the description of Gretna given by Evans (1937: 149) applies to the tribe. Most prominently it is distinguished from other Hesperiinae by a combination of large stout palpi with tiny 3rd segment, curved forewing vein 1A+2A, well-defined hindwing vein M 2, narrow hindwing cells M 1 -M 2 and M 2 -M 3 around it and unusual vein structure at the origin of vein RS in males, which is close to the origin of vein Sc+R 1, and veins M 1 and RS are curved at their divergence point, U-shaped rather than V-shaped. In DNA, a combination of the following base pairs is diagnostic: aly 2012.5.1:A98C, aly 2195.3.11:A37G, aly349.39.4:C152G, aly276378.25.8:A84T, aly6398.6.4:A46C.

Genera included. Only the type genus.

Parent taxon. Subfamily Hesperiinae Latreille, 1809 .

Comments. Uniqueness of Gretna as a stand-alone phylogenetic lineage of the tribal rank was not readily apparent from morphology and the genomic approach was critical in revealing its distinctness.

Figures

Figure 1. Genomic trees of representative Hesperiidae. The trees are built from protein-coding regions in different genomic partitions: a) Nuclear genome; b) Z chromosome; c) Mitochondrial genome. The trees are rooted with Pterourus glaucus (NVG-1670), not shown. See Table 1 and Table S1 in the Supplemental file deposited at https:// osf.io/5cfht/?view_only=21eb53b6f8f344afaee3de2be90bf5d2 for additional data about these specimens. Names of species placed in new tribes and subtribes described in this work are highlighted in yellow and clades representing new taxa are colored in red. Clades for tribes and subtribes where species of the new taxa were placed previously are colored in blue and green arrow points from the former taxon to the new taxon (only on nuclear genome tree). Statistical support values are shown by nodes in all but the COI barcode trees. COI barcode NJ dendrogram is given for comparison and is not expected to reflect phylogeny. Subfamilies, tribes and subtribes for species included in the trees are shown to the right of the nuclear tree. Sequenced specimens of the type species of the new tribes and subtribes are illustrated in dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views and indicated by blue arrows