Gophoinae Simon, 1901

Ruiz, Gustavo R. S. & Maddison, Wayne P., 2015, The new Andean jumping spider genus Urupuyu and its placement within a revised classification of the Amycoida (Araneae: Salticidae), Zootaxa 4040 (3), pp. 251-279 : 272

Subfamily Gophoinae Simon, 1901

Gophoeae Simon, 1901: 588 (Type genus: Gophoa Simon, 1901 , synonymized with Cotinusa Simon, 1900 by Galiano 1963: 360).

( Thiodininae sensu Simon 1901: 545; Petrunkevitch 1928: 185; Roewer 1954; Edwards et al. 2005; Hill 2012; see also comments under Thiodininae ).

Monophyly: Long mistaken as the “ Thiodininae ”, this group is well supported by molecular data ( Figs 36 , 37 , 39, 41, 43 ) and is easily recognized by a series of morphological features, though each of the features is missing in some species of this group. First, most species have two pairs of bulbous setae on the ventral surface of the tibia of the front leg, unique among spiders, thought to enhance sensation for the handling of prey ( Hill 2012). Second, many species have a carapace/femur I stridulatory apparatus ( Maddison 1987), but it is not clear whether this structure evolved on one of the branches within this subfamily or is a synapomorphy reversed in subgroups. Third, most species have a well developed RTA accompanied by a sinuous RvTA in the male palp (e.g. Galiano 1963: pl. XL, figs 1–4). The embolus is also articulated with the tegulum by a well-developed hematodocha ( Fig. 52 ), though whether this is a synapomorphy or a plesiomorphy is unclear.

We note that the molecular results ( Figs 37 , 41 ) support the separation of Nilakantha and Colonus by Bustamante et al. (2015).

Figures

FIGURE 36. Summary of molecular phylogeny results. Numbers show likelihood bootstrap percentages, in format <chimera analysis> / <non-chimera analysis> (<analysis without Nilakantha and Gypogyna>).

FIGURES 37 – 38. Maximum likelikhood phylogenies from Chimera and Non-chimera matrices, combined 5 gene analyses. Numbers show likelihood bootstrap % for Amycoids only; in parenthesis are bootstrap percentages for analysis without Nilakantha and Gypogyna (shown for deep amycoid branches only). Rectangles at nodes indicate bootstrap support in parsimony analysis (filled rectangle at least 75 %; open 50 % to 74 %). Sites partitioned as per PartitionFinder analysis.

FIGURES 39 – 43. Maximum likelihood phylogenies from analyses on individual genes.

FIGURES 50 – 52. Morphological characters of Amycoida. 50 divided lorum present in Gophoinae (arrow shows area with thin cuticle). 51 fused lorum (Amycinae), as that present in non-gophoine Amycoida. 52 expanded left male palp (Cotinusa) showing developed distal hematodocha articulating the embolus with the rest of the bulb.