Glossoscolex (Glossoscolex) sanpedroensis, Bartz, Marie Luise Carolina, James, Samuel Wooster, Pasini, Amarildo & Brown, George Gardner, 2012

Bartz, Marie Luise Carolina, James, Samuel Wooster, Pasini, Amarildo & Brown, George Gardner, 2012, New earthworm species of Glossoscolex Leuckart, 1835 and Fimoscolex Michaelsen, 1900 (Clitellata: Glossoscolecidae) from Northern Paraná, Brazil, Zootaxa 3458, pp. 59-85 : 73-74

Glossoscolex (Glossoscolex) sanpedroensis n. sp. Bartz & James

( Fig. 4 a,b, Table 1)

Holotype. COFM BRPR 0143 adult, forest soil, Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Estadual Mata São Pedro, Lupionópolis, Paraná, Brazil; 22º41.79’S, 51º40.82’W, 314 masl, 29 April 2004, G.G. Brown and S.W. James colls.

Paratype. COFM BRPR 0041 one adult, amputated, same collecting data as holotype.

Etymology. The species is named for the place where it was found: Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Estadual Mata São Pedro.

Description. Dimensions: Holotype 39 mm by 1.8mm at x, 2.1mm at clitellum, 1.6 mm at xl, 138 segments; paratype amputated by 2.1 mm at x, 2.2 at clitellum and 2.0 mm at xl. Body cylindrical. Setae closely paired throughout; genital setae absent; setal formula AA:AB:BC:CD:DD = 48:1:4:1:50 lx. Setae not visible before and in the clitellum. Prostomium prolobous, pre-setal secondary annulations present from viii until the end. Unpigmented. Ovipores post-equatorial line just below the nephropore line. Male pores 1.7 mm apart on xvii within paired elevated round porophores, in line of ab. Clitellum annular and whitish, 1/3 xiv–1/2 xxii ( Fig. 4 a). Nephropores quite visible just above ab.

Septa 6/7 thin, 7/8–9/10 equally thick muscular, septa 10/11–11/12 united to form the testes sac, septa 12/13/ 14 /15 white thin sac-like glandular smooth development and 13/14 filled with fine granular white material; joined at the outer edges forming two sacs. Alimentary canal with short muscular gizzard in vi; esophagus with high chevron-patterned lamellae vii–xi, valvular in xiv; intestinal origin xv; typhlosole origin xv, end xcii, strong zigzag folded xv–xix, zig-zag with ventral edge bent over to form pockets xx–xxiv, after xxv gradually becoming simple lamina. Calciferous glands paired xii, composite-tubular type, bean-shaped, sessile on dorsal esophageal wall, blood vessels to gland include large branch of dorsal vessel that approximate to the back edges of each gland, two coalescing vessels from ventral gland margin to extra-esophageal vessel. Gland opening to esophagus near dorsum, large with lip along ventral margin. Holonephric, vesiculate; ducts to body wall near level of b. Vascular system with ventral trunk, single dorsal trunk, lateral vessels in vii–ix, esophageal hearts in x–xi. Extraesophageal vessel visible near pharyngeal glands, passes along ventral-lateral face of gizzard and esophagus, ending in calciferous glands; supraesophageal vessel in x–xi.

Ovaries, ovarian funnels free in xiii adjacent to seminal vesicle tube passing through xiii; spermathecae absent. Male sexual system metandric, testes and funnels in single annular sac in xi with enclosed hearts; seminal vesicles start in the back side of the testes sacs occupying segment xi and with projections of flatted oval sacs, penetrate septa and follow lateral/ventral the intestine until xv; vasa deferentia looped from xi, undulated on body wall en route to ventro-anterior face of muscular bean-shaped copulatory bulbs; bulbs occupying segments xvii–2/3xviii. Copulatory bulbs with thin muscular outer layer, dense, delicate corrugated glandular inner surface with small lumen leading to male pore at approximate center of bulb connection to body wall; no transverse muscle bands crossing over bulbs.

Remarks. Glossoscolex (Glossoscolex) sanpedroensis is close to Glossoscolex (G.) uruguayensis uruguayensis Cordero, 1943 although the latter is a much larger earthworm, and also to G. (G) minor Zicsi & Csuzdi, 1999. The main differences between G. (G.) sanpedroensis and G. (G) minor are as follows, with the characteristics of the latter in parentheses: length 39 mm (24–45 20 mm), number of segments 138 (198–231), no setae visible before clitellum, beginning in xxiii (not mentioned), setal ratios 48:1:4:1:50 (30:1:10:1:50), clitellum anullar, 1/ 3 14–1 /2 22 (annular, 14–23), testes and funnels in single annular sac in xi (unparied teste sac in xi), copulatory bulbs bean shaped, 17–2/3 18 (elongated, 14–19). Glossoscolex (G.) sanpedroensis belongs to the truncatus group, defined in Michaelsen (1918) and Righi (1978).

Glossoscolex (G.) sanpedroensis corresponds to Glossoscolex n. sp. 3, as cited in Brown and James (2007a), Brown et al. (2004, 2008), James and Brown (2006, 2008), Fragoso and Brown (2007) and Sautter et al. (2006, 2007).

Figures

FIGURE 4. New species of Glossoscolex and Fimoscolex. A, B. Glossoscolex (Glossoscolex) sanpedroensis n. sp. C, D. Glossoscolex (Glossoscolex) terraopimus n. sp. E, F. Glossoscolex (Glossoscolex) giocondoi n. sp. g, h, i. Fimoscolex bartzi n. sp. FM = female pores; MP = male pores; TS = testes sacs; O = ovaries; OS = ovisac; OF = ovaries funnels; CB = copulatory bulb; VNC = ventral nerve cord, VD = vas deferens; A, C, E, G lateral view, B, D, F, H lateral view; I dorsal internal ventral view of the sexual organs.