Epicratinus amazonicus Jocqué & Baert, 2005

Gonçalves, Ricardo Antonio & Brescovit, Antonio Domingos, 2020, Taxonomic review and cladistic analysis of Neotropical spider genus Epicratinus Jocqué & Baert, 2005 (Araneae: Zodariidae) with description of eleven new species, Zootaxa 4886 (1), pp. 1-77 : 46-48

Epicratinus amazonicus Jocqué & Baert, 2005

Figs 3–7 .

Epicratinus amazonicus Jocqué & Baert, 2005: 120 , fig. 1‾6, 11‾22. (Holotype male from Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke , 2º57’58”S, 59º55’19”W, Manaus, Amazonas, BRAZIL, 2/X/1991, M. Paarman, deposited in SMNK, not examined. Paratypes: 1♀, same locality, 14/X/1991, Höfer & Gasnier, deposited in SMNK, not examined; 3♀, same locality, 21/X/1991, 23/III/1992 and 1/VI/1992, not examined; 1♁, same locality, 23/III/1992, H. Höfer, deposited in IBSP 10689, examined. 1♀, same locality, 17/II/1994, M. Christofer, deposited in IBSP 44458 , examined).

Additional material examined: BRAZIL, Paraíba, Areia, Reserva da Mata do Pau de Ferro , 6º57’S, 35º44’W, 1♁, 23-29/IX/1999, A.D. Brescovit et al. ( IBSP 44621 ) ; 1♁ ( IBSP 44633 ) ; Pernambuco, Recife, Horto Dois Irmãos , 8º00’37”S, 34º56’43”W, 1♁, 30/V - 02/VI/2001, Equipe Biota ( IBSP 54193 ) ; 1♁ ( IBSP 54262 ) ; Ipojuca, Mara-caípe, Mata do Oiteiro , 8º31’29.0”S, 35º00’53”W, ♁, 16/II/2008, A. Costa ( IBSP 133603 ) ; 1♁ ( IBSP 133607 ) ; 1♁, Araçoiaba , 7º47’50”S, 35º05’29”W, 2009, A. Costa ( IBSP 168184 ) ; 5♁ ( IBSP 168159 ) ; Alagoas, Murici, Estação Ecológica de Murici , 09º15’S, 35º51’W, 1♀, 13-22/IX/2003, N.F. Lo Man-Hung ( IBSP 44535 ) ; Sergipe, Itabaiana, Estação Ecológica da Serra de Itabaiana , 10º46’58.5”S, 37º20’53.6”, 1♀, 14-20/IX/1999, A.D. Brescovit et al. ( IBSP 54145 ) ; 2♀ ( IBSP 54147 ) ; 2♀ ( IBSP 54152 ) ; 2♀ ( IBSP 54153 ) ; 1♁, 1♀ ( IBSP 54166 ) .

Diagnosis. Males of Epicratinus amazonicus can be recognized by the RTA shape with a triangular distal part with a tip directed towards the center of the cymbium. The females are characterized by a central depression transversally oval in the epigynum and the copulation ducts with three turns within the spermathecae ( Figs 7 A–E).

Description. Male and female described by Jocqué & Baert, 2005. Supplementary information: Male (IBSP 44621). Clypeus height 0.72, Eyes: diameters AME 0.08, ALE 0.1, PME 0.1, PLE 0.14; Interdistances AME-AME 0.06, AME-ALE 0.12, PME-PME 0.1, PME-PLE 0.32, ALE-PLE 0.08. Palp: tibia with a lateral transversal line of six macrosetae; two apophyses: a lateral dorsal, short and rounded (PTA) and a large retrolateral (RTA), that ends in a flat tip like a ridge in lateral view, and triangular in dorsal view; cymbium broad and flat with basal prolateral projection extended backwards well developed; part basal dorsal retrolateral with deep concavity, accommodating RTA; distal tip with three spines; tegulum with a projection covering the embolus base; subtegulum visible in part, sclerotinized and globular; spermatic duct horseshoe-shaped; thin and flexible embolus; conductor with a very thin, membranous and hyaline appendix, slightly enlarged and rounded at the tip ( Figs 3–7 ).

Female (IBSP 44458). Clypeus height: 0.86. Eyes: diameters AME 0.1, ALE 0.1, PME 0.12, PLE 0.12; Interdistances AME-AME 0.06, AME-ALE 0.16, PME-PME 0.12, PME-PLE 0.42, ALE-PLE 0.1. Epigynum: Flat. Epigynal plate oval, longer than wide with oval atrium and oval narrow border; reniform spermathecae, with coiled CD; Fertilization ducts very short.

Variation. Males (n = 10): total length 4.7‾5.1, carapace 1.73‾2.0, femur I 1.3‾1.5. Females (n = 10): total length 4.9‾5.2, carapace 2.3‾2.5, femur I 1.38‾1.5.

Distribution. Brazil (east of Amazonas and northeast region) ( Fig. 42 ).

Figures

FIGURE 3. Epicratinus amazonicus. A. (IBSP 54166) Habitus male, dorsal view. B. Male, ventral view. C. (IBSP 54166) Female, dorsal view. D. Female, ventral view. E. (IBSP 44633) Male carapace, anterior view. F. (IBSP 54145) Female, anterior view. (Scale in A, B, C, D, F = 1; E = 0.5 mm).

FIGURE 4. Epicratinus amazonicus. A. (IBSP 44633) Carapace male, lateral view. B. (IBSP 54145) Female, lateral view. C. Male, anterior view. D. Female, anterior view. E. Chelicerae, endites and lip of the female, ventral view. F. Endites, anterolateral view, detail showing absence of serrula. (Scale in A, C, E = 0.5; B, D = 1; F = 0.3 mm).

FIGURE 5. Epicratinus amazonicus. A. (IBSP 54145) Female leg II, scopula. B. Detail of A, feather-shape bristles. C. Epicratinus mauru (IBSP 15099), Tarsal organ. D. Epicratinus zangief (IBSP 135443), Socket of trichobothria. E. Epicratinus amazonicus (IBSP 44633) Leg IV of male. F. Leg II of the female. (Scale in A = 0.2; B = 0.03; C = 0.005; D = 0.01; E = 0.05; F = 0.1 mm).

FIGURE 6. Epicratinus amazonicus. A. (IBSP 44633) Male abdomen, side view. B. Same, dorsal view. C. Male spinnerets. D. (IBSP 54145) Female spinnerets. E. Detail of D, showing anterior lateral spinneret. F. Detail of D, showing fused posterior spinnerets. ACi: aciniform; Ag: aggregate; ALS: anterior lateral spinnerets; AT: anal tubercle; MaA: major ampullate; Pi: piriform; PLS: posterior lateral spinnerets; PMS: posterior median spinnerets. (Scale in A, B = 0.5; C = 0.1; D = 0.2; E, F = 0.05 mm).

FIGURE 7. Epicratinus amazonicus. A. (IBSP 44633) Male palp, dorsal view. B and C. Ventral view (embolus behind of distal tegular apophysis in C). D. (IBSP 54145) Epigynum, ventral view. E. (IBSP 44535) Vulva. A: atrium; AB: anterior border; C: conductor; Cy: cymbium; DTeA: distal tegular apophysis; E: embolus; EF: epigastric furrow; EpP: Epigynal plate; FD: fertilization duct; MH: median haematodocha; PTA: prolateral tibial apophysis; RTA: retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD: spermatic duct; Sp: spermathecae; St: subtegulum; T: tegulum; VTA: ventral tegular apophysis; VTiA: ventral tibial apophysis. (Scale in A, B = 0.4; C = 0.2; D = 0.3; E = 1 mm).

FIGURE 42. Area of occurrence of Epicratinus amazonicus, E. dookan sp. nov., E. petropolitanus, E. pugionifer, E. takutu and E. zangief sp. nov. (clade D).