Entoloma azureoviride

Karstedt, Fernanda, Bergemann, Sarah E., Gates, Genevieve, Ratkowsky, David, Cunha, Kelmer Martins & Capelari, Marina, 2024, Species of Entoloma (Entolomataceae) with cuboidal basidiospores from Brazil, Phytotaxa 654 (1), pp. 1-76 : 24

Entoloma azureoviride E. Horak & Singer, Sydowia 35: 81. 1982.

[≡ Inocephalus azureoviridis (E. Horak & Singer) Karstedt & Capelari, Nova Hedwigia 96: 828. 2013.]

Description:—The morphological description of this species appears in Horak (1982) and the microscopic analysis of the holotype is in Karstedt & Capelari (2013, as Inocephalus azureoviridis ).

Habitat:—In soil, in the Amazon Forest biome.

Distribution:—Amazonas, Brazil, type locality.

Additional material examined:— BRAZIL. Amazonas : Manaus, 30 km north of Manaus, 14 June 1977, R . Singer B 9971 (Holotype, ZT 78/31); on the Manaus-Caracaraí highway, km 60, 11 May 1980, R . Singer B 12165 (Paratype, INPA) .

Comments:—Attempts to obtain sequences of the types were unsuccessful; however, Entoloma azureoviride is likely placed in the /Psittacini subclade due to its morphology.

In agreement with the protologue, Entoloma azureoviride is characterized by a sky blue basidiome with a smooth pileus surface which turns green or ochre green (without mention of the fibrillosity in the protologue), by the cuboidal basidiospores, the clavate cheilocystidia, the presence of pseudocystidia and the abundant pigmented refractive hyphae.

Karstedt and Capelari (2013) characterized Entoloma azureoviride as having a pileus that could vary from blue with an ochre fibrillose apex, or is olive or olive ochraceous loosely adpressed-fibrillose to fibrillose-scaly or almost fibrillose-velutinous. This characterization was based on the FK1123 collection, which is composed of a basidiome with a celestial blue pileus with an ochraceous and slightly adpressed-fibrillose apex and two basidiomes with a pileus covered by adpressed and olivaceous fibrils, which at the time of publication was considered a variation due to the age and environment in which the basidiomes were collected. However, the morphological and molecular analyses of a larger sample of collections with sky blue basidiomes demonstrated that the variation described above includes two distinct species and neither corroborates the characters protologue of E. azureoviride . The FK1114 collections and part of the FK1123 collection represent E. manausense sp. nov. and another basidiome of FK1123 is E. smurfetti sp. nov.