Elytroleptus pallidus ( Thomson, 1860 )

GRZYMALA, TRACI L. & MILLER, KELLY B., 2013, Taxonomic Revision and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Genus Elytroleptus Dugés (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae: Trachyderini), Zootaxa 3659 (1), pp. 1-62 : 37-39

Elytroleptus pallidus ( Thomson, 1860)

(Figs. 14, 37)

Pteroplatus pallidus Thomson, 1860: 255 ; Thomson, 1878: 7; Bates, 1880: 73.

Elytroleptus pallidus ; Bates, 1885: 317; Aurivillius, 1912: 456; Linsley, 1935: 96; Blackwelder, 1946: 588; Chemsak & Linsley, 1975: 110; 1982: 57.

Elytroleptus pallidus pallidus ; Linsley, 1961b: 15; 1962b: 8; Chemsak & Linsley, 1965: 198; Chemsak et al., 1992: 83; Monné & Giesbert, 1995: 148; Noguera & Chemsak, 1996: 402; Monné, 2005: 605; Monné & Hovore, 2006: 143.

Elytroleptus pallidus villosus Linsley, 1961b: 15 ; 1962b: 10; Chemsak & Linsley, 1965: 199; 1975: 110; 1982: 57; Chemsak et al., 1992: 83; Monné & Giesbert, 1995: 148; Noguera & Chemsak, 1996: 402; Monné, 2005: 606; Monné & Hovore, 2006: 143.

Elytroleptus alfredi Dugés 1879: 185 , fig. 9; Lameere, 1883: 44.

Type material. Syntypes. Elytroleptus pallidus (Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris), two specimens with Thomson type labels, photographs of specimens examined, labels obscured. Holotype. Elytroleptus pallidus villosus ( CASC, ♂) labeled: ‘ Bejucos, Mex. Temescaltepec VII-5-33 / H.E. Hinton R. L. Usinger Collectors / E.G. Linsley Collection / HOLOTYPE Elytroleptus villosus Linsley / California Academy of Sciences Type No. 7634 ’.

Allotype. Elytroleptus pallidus villosus ( CASC, ♀) labeled: ‘ Bejucos, Mex. Temescaltepec VII-5-33 / H.E. Hinton R. L. Usinger Collectors / E.G. Linsley Collection / ALLOTYPE Elytroleptus villosus Linsley’

Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from all other species of Elytroleptus by the following combination of characters: 1) elytral margins subparallel, greatest width <1.5 × humeral angle width, 2) pronotum piceous, 3) pronotum with longitudinal lines of dense, appressed testaceous pubescence, and 4) elytral punctation smaller in diameter at scutellar apex than medially. This species most closely resembles E. similis and is distinguished by the elytral punctation decreasing in diameter medially to basally and apically and by the deeper, greater number of pronotal punctures. Additionally, males of E. similis possess pronotal gland pores, but males of E. pallidus do not.

Description. Male. TL 6.4–12.0 mm, GW 2.2–3.7 mm. Body elongate, subparallel, dorsoventrally flattened. pubescence, more dense on vertex; gular region glabrous; rugose posterior to lower eye lobe. Antennal tubercles slightly raised, subtriangulate, and separated by approximate width of four antennal sockets. Genal apices generally rounded, width ½ × height. Eyes moderately large, finely faceted, with about 27 facets at greatest height; integument ventral to lower lobe about 0.2 × eye height; deeply emarginated at antennal insertion, with 1–2 facets at greatest emargination point. Antennae black, extending to approximately 2/5 elytral length, scape and antennomere V subequal; pedicel ½ × length of antennomere III; antennomere III, IV, and VI subequal; antennomeres V–VIII decreasing in length; antennomeres VIII–X subequal; antennomere XI longer than X and moderately appendiculate.

Thorax. PL 1.0–2.0 mm, PW 1.3–2.4 mm. Pronotum piceous, width slightly greater than length, apical width subequal to basal width, lateral margins angulate, widest medially. Pronotal disc shining, punctate, with short, suberect to erect, testaceous pubescence arising from punctation; laterad to center, two (one on each side) distinct longitudinal, arcuate lines of dense, appressed, testaceous pubescence overlying slightly raised testaceous integument, each of similar width throughout and occupying ¼ of pronotal disc area; punctation on shining areas shallow, individual punctures subequal in diameter and size, majority strongly delimited; pronotal disc flat to slightly convex; sides impressed in dorsal aspect, margin apparently elevated, calli absent; lateral margins clothed in dense testaceous pubescence. Pro-, meso-, and metasternum dark brown to black, shining, with sparse, suberect to erect testaceous setae. Scutellum piceous, small, subtriangular, length subequal to width, medially impressed, with short, moderately dense, recumbent, black pubescence.

Wings. EL 4.9–9.0 mm. Elytron testaceous. About 4.5 × PL, width at humeral angles subequal to PW. Elytron subparallel, greatest apical width <1.5 × width at humeral angle. Elytron with 3 distinct costae; from suture, costa I arising from anterior margin to 3/5 elytral length, costa II arising from anterior margin to 4/5 elytral length, costa III arising from humeral angle to 3/5 elytral length; elytron with distinct, moderate punctation, 5–6 punctures medially between suture and costa I, increasingly irregular apically, noticeably smaller in diameter basally; elytron with sparse, short, suberect, testaceous pubescence, one seta per puncture, outer elytral margins with pubescence more dense. Metathoracic wing completely darkly tinted.

Abdominal Sternites. Piceous, shining; finely punctate, covered in sparse, short, suberect, testaceous pubescence. Legs. Testaceous except coxal margins, trochanters, tibial apices, and tarsi piceous. Femora and tibia covered in sparse, suberect, testaceous pubescence, tarsal pubescence recumbent and more dense. Metatibia straight, not strongly sinuate. Genitalia. Sternite VIII sides gradually tapering towards apex, two slightly sinuate anterolateral areas (one on either side), often with slight concavity medially. Tergite VIII gradually tapering towards apex, lacking sinuate areas, often with slight concavity medially.

Female. TL 7.5–11.7 mm, GW 2.4–3.8 mm, HL 0.6–0.8 mm, HW 1.1–1.4 mm, DBE 0.7–0.9 mm, DBA 0.5– 0.8 mm, PL 1.3–1.8 mm, PW 1.5–2.2 mm, EL 5.6–8.5 mm. Some individuals with prothoracic punctation irregular, most individual punctures differing in diameter and shape, each puncture difficult to distinguish; elytron integument rufo-testaceous to testaceous.

Intraspecific variation. Pronotal integument coloration varies from piceous to largely rufo-testaceous, pronotal integument underlying dense testaceous pubescence piceous in some individuals; elytron costa I apically convergent with suture; antennal scape and basal ¾ of antennomeres integument testaceous; head integument coloration varies from the above description to largely piceous; legs vary from above description to entirely piceous.

Phylogenetic relationship. This species is recovered as the sister taxon to E. similis supported by the homplasious character state of having the pronotal punctation deep. In other equally parsimonious trees, it is sister to the clade composed of E. ignitus , E. apicalis , E. grandis , E. limpianus , E. rufipennis , E. nigripennis , and E. quadricostatus supported by the homoplasious character of the elytral punctation larger, deeper and more distinct medially than basally (Character 18) ( Figs. 31 , 32 ).

Distribution. Guatemala (Baja Verapaz) and Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chihuahua, Distrito Federal, Durango, Guanajuato, Hidalgo , Jalisco, Mexico, Oaxaca, Puebla , Zacatecas) ( Fig. 37 ).

Natural history. Flight period June and July. Adults have been collected on flowers and foliage of plants in the families Anacardiaceae ( Schinus molle L.), Asclepidaceae ( Asclepias sp. ), Bignoniaceae ( Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth), Cactaceae ( Opuntia sp. ), and Fabaceae ( Mimosa sp. ). Individuals have also been collected at lights.

C. & P. (EMEC); Calvillo, 3 ♂, 1 ♀, 5.vii.1984, Carroll, Schaffner, & Friedlander ( TAMU) ; Chihuahua: Hidalgo del Parral , 1 ♂, 15.vii.1964, Chemsak, J.A. ( EMEC) ; Distrito Federal: Lomas de Chapultepec , 1 ♂, 28.vi.1932 ( EMEC) ; Durango: Durango, 1 ♀, 2 sex unknown, Hoge, ( BMNH) ; 1 ♂, 9 ♀, 16–24.vii.1964, Howden, H.F. ( CNC) ; 15 ♂, 3 ♀, 22–24.vi.1964, 3.vii.1964, Howden, H.F. ( CNC) ; 6 ♂, 3 ♀, 23–24.vi.1964, Martin, J.E.H. ( CNC) ; 6 ♂, 3 ♀, 20.vi.1964, 13.vii.1964, Mason, W. R.M. ( CNC) ; 3 ♂, 1 ♀, 22–27.vi.1964, Kelton, L.A. ( CNC) ; 2 ♂, 3 ♀, 12.vii.1954, MacSwain, J.W. ( EMEC) ; 1 ♂, 5 ♀, 17–21.vii.1964, Chemsak, J.A. ( EMEC) ; 1 ♀, 21.vii.1972, Nelson, G.H. ( EMEC) ; 4 ♂, 3 ♀, Wickham ( USNM) ; 1 ♂, 15.vi.1964, McGuffin, W.C. ( CNC) ; 1 ♂, vii.1964, Howden, H.F. ( CNC) ; 1 ♂, 12.vii.1954, Schlinger, E.I. ( EMEC) ; 1 ♂, 27.vi.1964, Kelton, L.A. ( FSCA) ; 1 ♂, 23.vi.1964, Howden, H.F. ( FSCA) ; Gomez Palacio, 1 ♂, 8.vii.1970, Jump, P.M. ( FSCA) ; 2 ♂, same except ( TAMU) ; Louis Moya, 1 ♂, 16.vii.1970, Beer, R.E. ( SEMC) ; Tapias , 2 ♂, 19.vi.1961, Schebner, R.A. ( ACMT) ; 2 ♂, 1 ♀, 6.vii.1995, Furth, D. & Chavarria, G. ( USNM) ; Guanajuato: Guanajuato, 1 ♂, Salle ( BMNH) ; Hidalgo: Pachuca , 19 ♂, 1 ♀, 16–17.vi.1961, U Kans Exp ( EMEC) ; 1 ♂, 24.vi.1953, U Kans Exp ( EMEC) ; 1 ♂, 19. VII.1963, Byers, G.W. ( SEMC) ; Portezuela-Huichapan , 1 ♂, 11.vi.2004, R.L. Westcott ( RLWE) ; Tulancingo , 4 ♂, 1 ♀, 14.vi.1961, U Kans Exp ( EMEC) ; Jalisco: Chapala , 1 ♀, 30.vi.1963, Doyen, J. ( EMEC) ; Encarnacion de Diaz , 2 ♂, 9.vii.1982, William F. Abeles ( MAIC) ; same except, 6 ♂, 3 ♀, M.A. Ivie ( MAIC) ; same except, 9 ♂, 3 ♀, R.S. Miller ( MAIC) ; Lagos de Moreno , 1 ♂, 1.vii.1953, Vaurie, C. & P. ( EMEC) ; 1 ♂, 26.vii.1962, U. Kans ( SEMC) ; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 26.vii.1951, Hurd, P.D. ( EMEC) ; 1 ♂, 26.vii.1951, Evans, H.E. ( EMEC) ; Mexico: Bejucos, Temescaltepec , 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 5.vii.1933, Hinton, H.E. & Usinger, R.L. ( EMEC) ; Tejupilco , 1 ♂, 1 ♀, vii.1932, Hinton, H.E. & Usinger, R.L. ( EMEC) ; 1 ♂, 24.vi.1933, Hinton, H.E. & Usinger, R.L. ( EMEC) ; Teotihuacan , 1 ♂, 13.vii.1962, Michelbacher, A.E. ( EMEC) ; 2 ♂, 15–16.vi.1951, Evans, H.E. ( EMEC) ; 2 ♂, 7.vii.1951, Evans, H.E. ( EMEC) ; Texcoco , 11 ♂, 2 ♀, 20.vi.1962, Janzen, D.H. ( EMEC) ; Oaxaca: Diaz Ordaz , 2 ♀, 9–10.vii.1994, Giesbert, E. ( FSCA) ; Puebla: Azumbilla , 1 ♀, 22.vii.1984, Carroll, Schaffner, & Friedlander ( TAMU) ; Zacatecas: Fresnillo , 1 ♂, 16.vii.1954, Linsley, E.G., MacSwain, J.W., & Smith, R.F. ( EMEC) ; 1 ♂, 8–9.vii.1964, Johnson, C.D. ( EMEC) ; Guadalupe, 3 ♂, 28.vi.1953, Vaurie, C. & P. ( EMEC) ; Sombrerete , 1 ♂, 13.vii.1984, McCleve, S. & Jump, P. ( TAMU) ; 1 ♀, --.--.1905, Fry ( BMH) ; 1 ♀, ( BMNH) ; Morelia , 1 ♂, 15.vii.1956, Dreisbach, R. & K. ( EMEC) ; Teotihuacan , 1 ♂, 2 ♀, 15.vi.1951, Evans, H.E. ( EMEC) ; 1 ♀, 6.vii.1951, Hurd, P.D. ( EMEC) ; 1 ♂, 5.vii.1962, Janzen, D.H. ( EMEC) ; -- 1 ♂, 1 ♀, ( USNM) .

Figures

FIGURE 31. Three of six most parsimonious trees retrieved from phylogenetic analysis of Elytroleptus (L = 59, CI = 50, RI = 75). Numbers above branches are characters and numbers below branches are character states. Characters are optimized for

FIGURE 32. Strict consensus for six most parsimonious cladograms resulting from cladistic analysis of Elytroleptus. Numbers above branches are Bremer support values.

FIGURE 37. Distribution map for Elytroleptus nigripennis, Elytroleptus pallidus, and Elytroleptus quadricostatus.