Elytroleptus grandis Linsley, 1935

GRZYMALA, TRACI L. & MILLER, KELLY B., 2013, Taxonomic Revision and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Genus Elytroleptus Dugés (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae: Trachyderini), Zootaxa 3659 (1), pp. 1-62 : 25-27

Elytroleptus grandis Linsley, 1935

(Figs. 7, 35)

Elytroleptus grandis Linsley, 1935: 97 ; Blackwelder, 1946: 588; Linsley, 1961b: 11; 1962b: 5, fig. 1; Chemsak & Linsley, 1965: 195; 1975: 110; 1982: 56; Chemsak et al., 1980: 33; 1992: 82; Monné & Giesbert, 1995: 148; Noguera & Chemsak, 1996: 402; Turnbow et al., 2003: 17; Monné, 2005: 604; Monné & Hovore, 2006: 143; Hovore, 2006: 374; Swift et al.,

2010: 32.

Type information. Holotype. Elytroleptus grandis ( CASC, ♂) labeled: ‘ Tejupilco, Mex. Temescaltepec VII-1 1933 / H.E. Hinton, R. L. Usinger Collectors / HOLOTYPE / E.G. Linsley Collection / Elytroleptus grandis Linsley / California Academy of Sciences Type No. 5055 ’

Diagnosis. This species is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: 1) elytra laterally expanded apically, greatest width>1.5 × humeral angle width, 2) apices of elytra piceous, 3) central pronotal disc piceous, and 4) elytra with small, shallow punctation, 7–10 punctures between suture and costa I medially. This species most closely resembles E. apicalis and can be separated by the piceous central pronotal disc, the generally black abdominal sternites instead of testaceous, and the presence of a piceous elytral midband. From E. quadricostatus sp. nov., it is distinguished by the longer antennae and shallower, smaller punctation, 7–10 punctures at midline between suture and costa I instead of 5–6 punctures.

Description. Male. TL 12.7–17.3 mm, GW 5.0– 7.3 mm. Body elongate, laterally expanded apically from humeri, dorsoventrally flattened.

Head. HL 0.9–1.0 mm, HW 1.7–2.3 mm, DBE 1.1–1.5 mm, DBA 0.7–0.8 mm. Testaceous, except apices of mandibles, frons, antennal tubercles, and supraorbital areas piceous. Finely punctate with short, sparse, suberect to erect pubescence, testaceous over testaceous integument and black over piceous integument; more dense, appressed, testaceous pubescence on vertex; gular region glabrous; rugose posterior to lower eye lobe. Antennal tubercles moderately raised, subtriangular, and separated by approximate width of four antennal sockets. Genal apices generally rounded, width greater than ½ × height. Eyes moderately large, finely faceted, lower lobe with about 31 facets at greatest height; integument ventral to lower lobe about 0.4 × eye height; deeply emarginate at antennal insertion, with 1–3 facets at greatest emargination point. Antennae black, extending to approximately 3/5 elytral length, scape and antennomere III subequal, scape with slight longitudinal, dorsal and ventral, median impressions; pedicel slightly less than ½ × scape length; antennomere III shorter than IV, IV shorter than V; antennomeres VI and VII subequal, VIII and IX subequal; antennomeres VI–X decreasing in length; antennomere XI subequal to VI and extremely appendiculate.

Thorax. PL 2.0– 2.9 mm, PW 2.2–4.1 mm. Pronotum piceous, slightly wider than long, apical width slightly less than basal width, lateral margins angulate, widest medially. Central pronotal disc shining, punctate, with short, recumbent, black pubescence arising from punctation; laterad to center, two (one on each side) distinct longitudinal, arcuate lines of dense, appressed testaceous pubescence overlying areas of rufo-testaceous slightly raised integument, each of similar width throughout and occupying ¼ of pronotal disc area, lateral margins also clothed in dense testaceous pubescence; punctation on shining areas deep, individual punctures small and varying in diameter and shape, majority not strongly delimited; oval, more densely punctate areas dorsad of lateral margins indicative of sexually dimorphic gland pores; pronotal disc flat to slightly convex, sides impressed in dorsal aspect, margin apparently elevated, calli absent. Pro-, meso-, and metasternum dark brown to black, shining, with sparse, erect, testaceous setae. Scutellum piceous, small, subtriangular, length subequal to width, medially impressed, with short, sparse, black pubescence.

Wings. EL 9.8–13.4 mm. Elytron alternating testaceous and piceous; with basal 1/5 testaceous, medial 1/5 piceous, medial 1/5 testaceous, apical 2/5 piceous, margins between each irregular. About 4.7 × PL, width at humeral angles subequal to PW. Elytron laterally expanded apically, greatest width>1.5 × width at humeral angle. Elytron with 4 distinct costae; from suture, costa I arising from anterior margin and extending to 3/5 elytral length, costa II arising from anterior margin and extending to 4/5 elytral length, costa III more indistinct than others and extending from 2/5 posterior to middle of anterior margin to 4/5 elytral length, costa IV arising from humeral angle and extending to 3/5 elytral length; elytron with distinct, shallow punctures, small in diameter, 7–10 punctures medially between suture and costa I, increasingly shallower apically, subequal basally; elytron with moderate, short, recumbent pubescence, one seta per puncture, testaceous over testaceous integument, black over piceous integument, outer elytral margins with pubescence more dense. Metathoracic wing basal 4/5 lightly tinted, apical 1/ 5 darkly tinted.

Abdominal Sternites. Each ventrite piceous basally and testaceous apically; finely punctate with sparse, short, suberect, testaceous pubescence. Legs. Piceous except apices of prothoracic and mesothoracic femurs. Metatibia slightly sinuate. Femora and tibia sparsely punctate covered with sparse, short, suberect, black pubescence. Tarsi moderately clothed with short, appressed, black pubescence. Genitalia. Not examined for this species.

As male, except pronotal disc areas of dense, testaceous pubescence extending to lateral margins, occupying 2/ 3 pronotal disc area; antennae only extending to 2/5 elytral length, antennomere XI less strongly appendiculate. Pronotum lacking sexually dimorphic densely punctate oval area dorsad of lateral margin.

Intraspecific variation. Densely pubescent regions of head and pronotum with pubescence white to pale yellow and underlying integument rufo-testaceous to red; abdominal sternites concolorous black. One male specimen with piceous elytral areas having violaceous sheen.

Remarks. Specimens examined have either a pronotal disc with dense, testaceous pubescence overlying testaceous integument or dense, white to pale yellow pubescence overlying rufo-testaceous to red integument. This is strongly similar to the difference between the pronota of E. floridanus and E. immaculipennis , but currently there is no other evidence (geographic distribution, flight period, etc.) to separate these two color varieties as distinct species within what is recognized here as E. grandis . Additional collection of specimens may result in the future separation of these two color varieties into valid species.

Phylogenetic relationship. This species is sister to E. apicalis supported by the unambiguous characters of the extremely appendiculate eleventh antennomere in males (Character 3) and small, shallow elytral punctation (Character 17) ( Figs. 31 , 32 ).

Distribution. Central and southern Mexico (Chiapas, Morelos), Guatemala (Baja Verapaz, Zacapa), and Honduras (Comayagua, La Paz). Also recorded from Guanacaste, Costa Rica in the literature ( Swift et al., 2010), but no specimens examined in this study had labels from this locality ( Fig. 35 ).

Natural history. Flight period May and June.

Material examined. GUATEMALA, Baja Verapaz: Salama , 1 ♀, 25–31.v.1989, Giesbert, E. ( FSCA) ; Zacapa: San Lorenzo , 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 3–6.vi.1989, Giesbert, E. ( FSCA) ; Teculutan , 1 ♂, v.2000, Monson, J. ( DHPC) ; HONDURAS, Comayagua: Siguatepeque , 1 sex unknown, 7.v.1977, Mankins, J. V. ( USNM) ; La Paz: La Paz, 1 sex unknown, 21.vii.1978, Mankins, J. V. ( EMEC) ; MEXICO, Chiapas: Sumidero Park , 1 ♂, 19.vi.1989, Howden, H.F. ( ACMT) ; 1 ♂, 21.vi.1989, Ratcliffe, B.C. ( ACMT) ; Morelos: Cuautla , 1 ♀, 4.vi.1922, Smyth, E.G. ( FSCA) ; Cuerna. , 1 ♂, v.----, Barrett ( EMEC) .

Figures

FIGURE 31. Three of six most parsimonious trees retrieved from phylogenetic analysis of Elytroleptus (L = 59, CI = 50, RI = 75). Numbers above branches are characters and numbers below branches are character states. Characters are optimized for

FIGURE 32. Strict consensus for six most parsimonious cladograms resulting from cladistic analysis of Elytroleptus. Numbers above branches are Bremer support values.

FIGURE 35. Distribution map for Elytroleptus grandis, Elytroleptus humeralis, and Elytroleptus ignitus.