Dolichothele bolivianum (Vol, 2001)

Revollo, Irene Soliz, Junior, Pedro Ismael da Silva & Bertani, Rogerio, 2017, Two new Dolichothele Mello-Leitao, 1923 species from Brazil and Bolivia (Araneae, Theraphosidae), ZooKeys 724, pp. 1-20 : 1-3

Dolichothele bolivianum (Vol, 2001) Figs 1-3, 4-8, 25, 28-29, 36

Pseudoligoxystre bolivianus Vol, 2001: 3, f. 1-7.

Oligoxystre bolivianum ; Guadanucci 2007: 4, f. 1-12 (only f. 9).

Dolichothele bolivianum ; Lucas and Indicatti 2015: 207; World Spider Catalog 2017.

Type material.

Holotype male, BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz: Samaipata [18°7'S; 63°53'W], September 2000, J. M. Verdez & H. Simoens coll. (MHNNKM 003).

Other material.

BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz: Samaipata [18°10'S; 63°50'W], 1 male, 06 October 2004, D. Weinmann & A. Stirm coll. (MZUSP 26083); 1 male, 07 October 2004, D. Weinmann & A. Stirm coll. (MUZSP 26082); 1 female, 28 December 2015, I. S. Revollo & R. B. Huanto coll. (MHNNKM unnumbered); BRAZIL: Mato Grosso: Chapada dos Guimarães [15°27'S; 55°44'W], 1 male, 19 March 1992, D. Pinz coll. (IBSP 109495); 1 male, February 1991, S. M. Lucas coll. (IBSP 109494); 1 female, 2000, equipe de resgate de fauna coll. (IBSP 109040); Cuiabá [15°36'S; 56°05'W], 1 male, January 1991, D. M. de Paula coll. (IBSP109496); Poconé [16°16'S; 56°37'W], 1 female (IBSP 109502).

Differential diagnosis.

Males of D. bolivianum resemble those of D. dominguense , D. camargorum sp. n., and D. mottai sp. n. by the presence of a small subapical keel on male palpal bulb embolus (Figs 1-2, 4-5, 25). They differ from D. dominguense ( Guadanucci 2007, f. 26-28) by the short embolus; from D. mottai sp. n. (Figs 9-10, 24) by the less curved and longer embolus; and from D. camargorum sp. n. (Figs 14-15, 19-20, 26-27) by stouter embolus, mainly on its more basal portion. Females of D. bolivianum (Fig. 8) resemble those of D. camargorum sp. n. (Fig. 18, 23) and D. mottai sp. n. (Fig. 13) by the short spermathecae. They differ from D. camargorum sp. n. by the shorter and somewhat triangular shape; from D. mottai sp. n. they differ by slender spermathecae and cephalothorax covered by brown setae.

Redescription.

Holotype (Figs 1-3). Carapace 7.3 long, 5.4 wide, chelicerae 2.6. Legs (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total): I: 7.2, 3.9, 5.3, 5.1, 3.6, 25.1. II: 6.5, 3.2, 4.5, 4.2, 3.1, 21.5. III: 5.2, 2.4, 3.6, 4.5, 3.0, 18.7. IV: 7.1, 3.0, 5.6, 6.3, 3.6, 25.7. Palp: 3.9, 2.6, 3.5, -, 1.5, 11.5. Mid-widths: femora I–IV = 1.6, 1.3, 1.6, 1.2, palp = 1.0; patellae I–IV = 1.2, 1.4, 1.0, 1.2, palp = 1.2; tibiae I–IV = 1.1, 1.0, 1.3, 0.9, palp = 1.0; metatarsi I–IV = 1.3, 0.9, 0.7, 0.7; tarsi I–IV = 0.7, 0.7, 0.7, 0.9, palp = 0.9. Abdomen 7.7 long, 3.9 wide. Spinnerets: PMS, 0.7 long, 0.4 wide, 0.3 apart; PLS, 1.4 basal, 1.1 middle, 1.4 distal; mid-widths 0.8, 0.7, 0.6, respectively. Carapace. Length to width 1.35. Fovea: straight, deep, 0.8 wide. Eyes and eye tubercle. Tubercle 0.8 long, 1.1 wide. Clypeus 0.3 wide. Anterior eye row slightly procurved, posterior slightly recurved. Sizes and inter-distances: AME 0.5, ALE 1.1, PME 0.6, PLE 1.0, AME–AME 0.1, AME–ALE 0.1, AME–PME 0.1, ALE–ALE 0.4, ALE–PME 0.2, PME–PME 0.6, PME–PLE 0.1, PLE–PLE 0.7, ALE–PLE 0.2, AME–PLE 0.2. Maxillae: 1.7 long, 1.5 wide, with 20 cuspules spread over ventral inner heel. Labium: 0.3 long, 1.0 wide, with 3 cuspules. Labio-sternal groove shallow, narrow, with two sigilla. Chelicerae: rastelum absent, basal segment with 8 teeth decreasing in size from distal to basal portion. Sternum: 3.7 long, 2.8 wide. Sigilla: three pairs ovals, hardly visible, less than one diameter from margin. Legs: leg formula: IV I II III. Clavate trichobothria: on distal half of tarsi I–IV. Scopula: tarsi I–IV fully scopulate; IV with two rows of setae, not separating the scopula. Metatarsi I–II fully scopulate; III 2/3, IV 1/3 distal scopulate, with two rows of setae, not separating the scopula. Spination: palp: femur p0-0-1, patella v0-2-1, tibia v0-1-1; leg I: femur 0, patella 0, tibia v2-2-2, r2-2-1, metatarsus v0-1-0, p1-1-0, r1-0-0; leg II: femur p0-0-1, patella 0, tibia v1-2-1, p1-1-0; metatarsus v0-1-0; leg III: femur d0-1-0, patella 0, tibia v2-4-1, p1-1-0, r1-1-0, metatarsus v0-2-1ap, p1-1-0, r0-1-2(1ap), d0-0-1ap; IV: femur d0-2-0, patella 0, tibia v2-3-2, p1-1-1, r1-1-0, metatarsus v0-1-1ap, p0-1-1ap, r1-2-1ap. Claws: ITC absent from all legs; STC without teeth. Palpal bulb (Figs 1-2, compare 4-5, and 25 from MZUSP 26083): pyriform, embolus broad at its base, tapering and curved 45° to the retrolateral side on its distal third, with a small keel just after the curvature. Embolus the same or a little longer than tegulum. Male tibial apophysis (Fig. 3, compare Figs 6-7) with two branches originating from a common low base, positioned distant from metatarsus. Retrolateral branch longer than prolateral, not dilated on distal portion, with a spine on its mid-length. Prolateral branch shorter than contiguous spine. Both branches inclined ca. 45° to the prolateral side. Metatarsus I slightly curved. Color pattern. Carapace, chelicerae and legs dorsally brown, covered with light brown setae. Distal metatarsi and tarsi darker. Carapace with long light brown setae. Sternum, labium, maxillae and coxae light brown. Other leg articles ventrally brown. Abdomen dark brown covered with short golden setae and long light brown setae. Distal femora, patellae, tibiae and metatarsi with narrow whitish rings. Longitudinal stripes on leg articles not evident.

Female

MHNNKM unnumbered. Carapace 7.8 long, 6.1 wide, chelicerae 3.1. Legs (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total): I: 5.3, 3.3, 3.5, 3.1, 2.3, 19.8. II: 4.9, 3.3, 3.1, 3.0, 2.2, 16.5. III: 4.2, 2.8, 2.6, 3.0, 2.1, 14.7. IV: 5.6, 3.6, 4.5, 4.6, 2.5, 20.8. Palp: 4.2, 2.5, 2.3, -, 2.4, 11.4. Mid-widths: femora I–IV = 1.4, 1.5, 1.5, 1.2, palp = 1.2; patellae I–IV = 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.3, palp = 1.2; tibiae I–IV = 1.3, 1.3, 1.1, 1.3, palp = 1.3; metatarsi I–IV = 1.0, 1.0, 1.1, 0.8; tarsi I–IV = 1.3, 1.2, 1.1, 1.1, palp = 1.3. Abdomen 10.1 long, 6.4 wide. Spinnerets: PMS 0.92 long, 0.42 wide, 0.33 apart; PLS 1.42 basal, 1.02 middle, 1.85 distal; mid-widths 0.98, 0.84, 0.70, respectively. Carapace: length to width 1.27. Fovea: straight, deep, 0.66 wide. Eyes and eye tubercle. Tubercle 0.97 long, 1.36 wide. Clypeus 0.10 wide. Anterior eye row slightly procurved, posterior eye row slightly recurved. Sizes and inter-distances: AME 0.42, ALE 0.41, PME 0.22, PLE 0.28, AME–AME 0.07, AME–ALE 0.08, AME–PME 0.06, ALE–ALE 0.75, ALE–PME 0.30, PME–PME 0.66, PME–PLE 0.09, PLE–PLE 1.05, ALE–PLE 0.16, AME–PLE 0.30. Eye group 1.36 wide, 0.72 long. Maxillae: 2.22 long, 1.35 wide, with 18 cuspules spread over ventral inner heel. Lyra absent. Labium: 0.61 long, 1.20 wide, with 4 cuspules. Labio-sternal groove shallow, narrow, with two sigilla. Chelicerae: rastellum absent, basal segment with 8 teeth decreasing in size from distal to basal portion, with small teeth on basal area. Sternum: 3.64 long, 3.12 wide. Posterior angle rounded, not separating coxae IV. Sigilla: three pairs, all small, rounded, hardly visible, less than one diameter from margin. Legs: leg formula: IV I II III. Clavate trichobothria: on distal 2/3 of tarsi I–IV. Scopula: tarsi I–IV fully scopulate, IV with two rows of setae, not separating the scopula. Metatarsi I–II fully scopulate; III–IV 2/3 distal scopulate, IV with two rows of setae, not separating the scopula. Spination: palp: femur 0, patella 0, tibia v0-0-1ap; leg I: femur 0, patella 0, tibia v0-0-1ap, metatarsus v1-0-0; leg II: femur p0-0-1, patella 0, tibia 0; metatarsus v1-0-0; leg III: femur 0, patella 0, tibia v0-0-2ap, p0-1-0, r1-1-0, metatarsus v2-0-2ap, p1-2-2(1ap), r0-1-1; IV: femur r0-0-1, patella 0, tibia v0-1-2ap, r1-0-1, metatarsus v2-0-1ap, p0-1-2(1ap), r1-0-3(2ap). Claws: STC lacking teeth. Genitalia (Fig. 8): Spermathecae short, triangular, with 5-6 lobes on internal side, from tip to base. Color pattern (Fig. 31): as in male.

Immatures (Fig. 29) have black carapace and abdomen and reddish brown legs, except for the black tarsi.

Distribution.

Bolivia, department of Santa Cruz; and Brazil, state of Mato Grosso (Fig. 36).

Remarks.

Guadanucci (2007) examined only males from the type locality of D. bolivianum , even though a photo of a female ( Guadanucci 2007, f. 9) is shown in his paper. The female of D. bolivianum was originally described based on a casting skin by Vol (2001), and the specimen, a paratype, was not located in the MHNNKM where it should be deposited. Thus, herein, the topotypical female is described and illustrated for first time.

Ecology.

The species is found in Bosque montañoso (Bolivian Montaine Dry Forests) in Bolivia and Cerrado (a type of savannah vegetation) in Brazil. One of the authors (ISR) collected females and immatures under rocks on the way to mountains on Samaipata (Figs 28-29), Santa Cruz, Bolivia, during the day and afternoon (December 2015).