Distictus ateles, Supeleto & Santos & Aguiar, 2019

Supeleto, Fernanda A., Santos, Bernardo F. & Aguiar, Alexandre P., 2019, Revision of Distictus Townes, 1966 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae), with descriptions of ten new species, European Journal of Taxonomy 542, pp. 1-64 : 22-26

Distictus ateles sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:084CDFB1-94E7-46C9-BCDA-0B6E8E6359E8

Figs 7 , 16B ; Table 1

Etymology

From the Greek ‘ ateles ’, meaning ‘imperfect, unfulfilled’, in reference to the short epicnemial carina.

Material examined

Total of 23 specimens, 6 ♀♀ and 17 ♂♂.

Holotype

BRAZIL – Rio de Janeiro State • ♀ (pinned, in good condition); Guanabara, Reprêsa Rio Grande ; Dec. 1969; M. Alvarenga leg.; USUC {0}.

Paratypes

BRAZIL – Mato Grosso • 1 ♀; 12°50′ S, 51°47′ W; 10 Oct. 1968; O.W. Richards, R.S. and R.G.S. exped.; gallery forest; BMNH, B.M.1968-260 {2 } • 1 ♂; Sinop ; 12°31′ S, 55°37′ W; Oct. 1976; M. Alvarenga leg.; USUC . – Minas Gerais • 1 ♂; Parque Estadual do Rio Doce, Área da Tereza 1; 3–10 Nov. 2004; J.C.R. Fontenelle leg.; mata primária; Malaise; UFES • 1 ♂; ibid.; Área da Tereza 3; 12–19 Oct. 2000; J.C.R. Fontenelle leg.; mata primária; Malaise; UFES • 1 ♂; ibid.; 20–27 Oct. 2004; J.C.R. Fontenelle leg.; mata Primária; Malaise; UFMG • 1 ♂; ibid.; 24–31 Oct. 2002; J.C.R. Fontenelle leg.; mata primária; Malaise; UFES • 1 ♂; Parque Estadual do Rio Doce, Trilha do Vinhático 1; 3–10 Nov. 2004; J.C.R. Fontenelle leg.; Malaise; UFMG • 1 ♂; ibid.; 31 Jul.–7 Aug. 2002; J.C.R. Fontenelle leg.; mata secundária alta; Malaise; UFES . – Pará • 1 ♀; Óbidos ; Jun. 1955; J. Brasilino leg.; USUC • 1 ♂; Serra Norte, Pedreira ; 17 Jun. 1985; P. Tadeu leg.; MPEG . – Rio de Janeiro State • 1 ♀; Guanabara (currently Rio de Janeiro), Represa Rio Grande ; Aug. 1966; M.Alvarenga leg.; FSCA {1 } • 1 ♀; Mangaratiba, Muriqui ; Jul. 1969; M. Alvarenga leg.; USUC • 1 ♀; Represa Rio Grande ; Aug. 1969; M. Alvarenga leg.; USUC • 1 ♂; Guanabara (currently Rio de Janeiro), Represa Rio Grande ; Jul. 1972; M. Alvarenga leg.; FSCA • 1 ♂; Represa Rio Grande ; Aug. 1969; M. Alvarenga leg.; USUC • 1 ♂; ibid.; Sep. 1969; USUC . – Espírito Santo State • 1 ♂; Cariacica, Reserva Biológica de Duas Bocas, Pau Amarelo ; 20–28 Oct. 2005; A.P.Aguiar exped.; Malaise; Pt 2; UFES42227 , LAPIS3934 • 1 ♂; ibid.; 21–30 Oct. 2005; A.P. Aguiar exped.; Malaise; Pt 12; UFES42225 , LAPIS3933 • 1 ♂; ibid.; 28 Oct.–5 Nov. 2005; A.P. Aguiar exped.; Malaise; Pt 3; UFES42226 , LAPIS3932 • 1 ♂; Cariacica, Reserva Biológica de Duas Bocas, Sede ; 20°15′29.8″ S, 40°29′31.3″ W; alt. 172 m; 7–21 Oct. 2016; A.P. Aguiar exped.; mata secundária; Malaise; Pt 6; UFES FAS1581 • 1 ♂; ibid.; 20°15′33.0″ S, 40°29′21.8″ W; alt. 185 m; 7–21 Oct. 2016; A.P. Aguiar exped.; mata secundária; Malaise; Pt 5; UFES FAS2399 • 1 ♂; Linhares ; Sep. 1972; M. Alvarenga leg.; FSCA .

Description

Female (holotype)

SIZE. Fore wing 13.00 mm long.

HEAD. Clypeus basally slightly convex, at midlength not distinctly emarginated, CHW 0.44; median tubercle large, blunt, placed mostly on apical area; apical area moderately long. Mandible moderately pilose, MLW 1.36, MWW 0.51. MSM 0.61. Supra-clypeal area moderately pilose, minutely coriarious and sparsely punctate. Antenna with 30 flagellomeres. Supra-antennal area minutely, faintly coriarious, medially and near ocelli rugulose, ventrally striate, ventrally and around ocelli slightly concave, with distinct median line.

MESOSOMA. Pronotum sparsely pilose, distinctly striate along collar, weakly striate along posterior margin, elsewhere sparsely punctate; epomia moderately stout, distinct and slightly curved only after diverging from pronotal collar, short, ending far from dorsal margin of pronotum. Mesoscutum densely covered with short hairs, densely punctate, 1.09 × as long as wide; notauli medially weakly convergent, 0.56 × as long as mesoscutum; scuto-scutellar groove moderately deep, distinctly carinulate. Mesopleuron almost entirely lineate, otherwise punctate; subalar ridge wide, oval, not keeled; epicnemial carina more or less uniformly curved, reaching about 0.70 of distance to subalar ridge; sternaulus moderately deep, posterior 0.4 almost indistinct, with distinct vertical wrinkles; sulcus between sternaulus and scrobe almost indistinct; mesopleural fovea shallow, not forming a central pit; mesopleural suture distinctly carinulate inside. Metapleuron lineate, densely pilose; juxtacoxal carina vestigial. Hind coxa, dorsally sparsely, otherwise densely punctate.

PROPODEUM. Sparsely pilose; anterior margin medially very slightly concave; spiracle elongate, SWL 1.25; anterior area coriarious-punctate; posterior area strigate; anterior transverse carina slightly arched forwards, medially more distinctly curved; posterior transverse carina represented only by very slight sublateral crests.

WINGS. Fore wing vein 1M+Rs anteriorly straight, posteriorly curved; crossvein 1cu-a convex, arising distinctly basad of 1M+Rs; crossvein 1m-cu irregular, distinctly longer than vein 1-Rs+M; limit between veins 1m-cu and 1-Rs+M more or less traceable; fore wing vein 1-Rs+M with bulla placed near its midlength; vein 2Cua 1.30 × as long as crossvein 2cu-a; 3r-m nebulous, about as long as 2r-m; vein 3-M about as long as 2-M; AWH 0.91, AAW 0.42; areolet 0.45 × as high as wide; APH 1.19; vein 4-M tubular, approximately straight. Hind wing with 10 hamuli, vein M+Cu apically moderately convex, vein M forming straight angle with vein Cua; HW1C 1.40; vein Cub almost straight, very slightly convex, forming distinctly obtuse angle with Cua (not curved), vein 2-Rs entirely tubular, though weaker apically.

METASOMA. T1LW 1.53, T1WW 2.18, spiracle not prominent, on 0.52 of T1 length; median depression very shallow; lateral depression very shallow; dorsolateral carina represented by blunt and incomplete ridge; ventrolateral carina sharp, complete. T2LW 0.77, T2WW 1.86; thyridium distinctly wider than long. Tergites 2–8 coriarious; pilosity progressively denser on posterior tergites and laterally denser than dorsally. Ovipositor straight; OST 0.66; dorsal valve moderately punctate; ventral valve distinctly overlapping dorsal valve, its apex with 7 teeth.

COLOUR. Head and mesosoma black with yellow marks; metasoma mostly reddish. Head black; basal spot on mandible, clypeus and most of supra-clypeal area bright yellow. Supra-clypeal area with three blackish marks that are almost connected centrally to form an inverted Y. Mouthparts mostly yellow; apical two segments on maxillary palpus and three on labial palpus brownish. Orbital band shortly interrupted near torulus and on malar space, never covering entire width of gena; f6–9 entirely white, f5 and f10 almost entirely white, f4 with small white mark; f11–30 ventrally dark brown. Mesosoma black; collar, narrow mark on dorsal margin of pronotum, central spot on mesoscutum, tegula, scutellum, postscutellum, subalar ridge, central mark on mesopleuron, dorsal portion of hypoepimeron, dorsal division of metapleuron, oval mark covering 0.25 of metapleuron, elongate sublateral marks over propodeal apodeme and very small spot dorsad of spiracle of propodeum bright yellow. Fore and mid coxae mesally black, laterally mostly yellow; fore first trochanter dorsally blackish, ventrally yellow; mid first trochanter blackish; fore and mid second trochanters marked with ferruginous and blackish; fore and mid femora dorsally blackish, ventrally yellow; all tibiae deep yellow; fore and mid tarsi basally yellow, blackish towards apex. Hind coxa, trochanters and femur reddish; coxa with dorso-basal yellow spot encircled by blackish ring; hind femur apically blackish; tarsus light yellow. Wings hyaline. Metasoma reddish, lighter towards posterior segments, T7–8 bright orange; T1 mostly blackish with basal 0.15 and apical 0.2 bright yellow; T2 with very narrow anterior blackish stripe.

VARIATION. Morphometric ranges can be seen in Table 1. Anterior transverse carina of propodeum sometimes laterally weak; face without distinct black marks; mandible mostly black (~70%), at most with as much as 50% yellow; malar space extensively black; ventral portion of fore tarsus apex yellow to as blackish as dorsal side; hind coxa sometimes marked with black around posterior yellow spot; apex of hind femur sometimes blackish. Shape and extension of yellow marks at mesopleuron and metapleuron slightly variable, with southernmost populations usually more extensively black. Specimen from Mangaratiba with propodeum anterolaterally almost impunctate; propodeal crest absent, not even indicated by a carina; hind wing vein Cub slightly sinuous (vs evenly arched in other specimens). Specimen from Óbidos with black marks on fore and mid coxa less extensive, no blackish marks on hind coxa, two ovoid yellow marks on anterior region of propodeum (faintly suggested in a few other specimens).

Male

Similar to female, most important differences as follows. Smaller, fore wing 8.5–12 mm long. Supraclypeal area bright yellow, without blackish marks; pronotum polished smooth; spiracle of T1 prominent; clypeus margin yellow, except black near tooth; differences in metasoma tonality that include variations from orange brownish (154,66,002) to bright orange (249,178, 004).

VARIATION. Antenna with 30–32 flagellomeres; T1LW 2.98–3.35; T1WW 1.63–2.06. Southern specimens with more extensive black marks at malar space, smaller spot on mesopleuron, mid first trochantellus and hind trochanters marked with black, hind femur dorsally and ventrally blackish (laterally orange; in one specimen femur entirely orange) and yellow spots at propodeum smaller and elongate; specimen from Sinop with fore femur dark mark partially orange (not entirely black), hind coxa apically reddish-brown (black in southern specimens), yellow posterior spot more extensive, reaching almost to coxa apex, basal yellow spots at propodeum faintly suggested; apex of T2 as a distinct yellow stripe; epicnemial carina sometimes almost reaching subalar ridge; scape rarely ventrally with yellow spot; crossvein 1cu-a sometimes arising a little basad of 1M+Rs; one specimen from Represa Rio Grande with yellow spot on metapleuron small (about half as large as in other specimens) and apex of T2 with more or less distinct yellow stripe; both specimens from this locality with T2 basally blackish, T3 basally fuscous. Specimen from Linhares with hind coxa entirely blackish under yellow mark, while in one specimen from RJ (FSCA), the coxa is black adjacent to a yellow mark and ventrally orange. In Brazil, specimens from MT and PA differ from those from the southeastern states (MG and ES) by having the metasoma in bright orange (249,178,004) (vs brownish orange to orange), T2 with a distinct posterior yellow stripe (vs absent) and yellow stripes on mesosoma in a distinctly brighter tone of yellow.

Comments

Structurally, D. ateles sp. nov. differs from all other species in the genus by having three exclusive features: epicnemial carina reaching only about 0.70 of distance to subalar ridge; median tubercle of clypeus large; and vein 2-Rs entirely tubular, though weaker apically. In colour, it can be isolated by having the supra-clypeal area with three blackish marks that are almost connected centrally to form an inverted Y ( Fig. 7A ) and the hind femur reddish, apically blackish.

The new species is most similar in colour and structure to D. notabilis sp. nov., from which it can be differentiated by having the supra-clypeal area with three blackish marks that are almost connected centrally to form an inverted Y (vs two short, oblique blackish marks ventrally); orbital band widely interrupted on malar space, broadly disconnected at eye margin (vs shortly interrupted, almost meeting at eye margin); very small yellow spot dorsad of spiracle of propodeum (vs large yellow marks dorsad of spiracle); hind coxa with baso-dorsal yellow spot encircled by blackish ring ( Fig. 7 C–D) (vs yellow spot not encircled by blackish ring, Fig. 12D ); and hind femur reddish, apically blackish (vs fully bright orange). Structurally, it differs from D. notabilis sp. nov. by 34 features, of which the most important are as follows: epicnemial carina reaching about 0.70 of distance to subalar ridge (vs 0.85); pronotum distinctly striate along collar (vs weakly striate); median tubercle of clypeus large and placed mostly on apical area (vs small, placed entirely on apical area); fore wing crossvein 1cu-a arising distinctly basad of 1M+Rs (vs a little basad of 1M+Rs); spiracle of T1 not prominent (vs slightly prominent); ovipositor straight ( Fig. 7D ) (vs slightly downcurved, Fig. 12D ); apical area of clypeus moderately wide ( Fig. 7A ) (vs narrow, Fig. 12A ); clypeus basally nearly flat ( Fig. 7D ) (vs moderately convex, Fig. 12C ); areolet 0.45 × as high as wide (vs 0.28).

The new species is similar in colour to D. tibialis , from which can be isolated by having the metapleuron with a distinct yellow mark (vs black); T1 mostly black ( Fig. 7D ) (vs orange, Fig. 15F ); hind femur apically blackish (vs entirely reddish). Structurally, it differs in 50 features, of which the most important are as follows: posterior area of propodeum strigate and shiny ( Fig. 7C ) (vs rugulose, matte, Fig. 15F ); metapleuron lineate (vs rugulose); mesoscutum densely punctate (vs punctate-coriarious); anterior transverse carina slightly arched forwards, medially more distinctly curved (vs slightly and uniformly arched forwards); median tubercle of clypeus large (vs small); epicnemial carina reaching about 0.70 of distance to subalar ridge, and more or less uniformly curved (vs reaching subalar ridge, irregular); areolet 0.45 × as high as wide (vs 0.31–0.38); anterior margin of propodeum medially very slightly concave (vs medially concave); spiracle of propodeum elongate (vs oval); SWL 1.25–2.05 (vs 1.11– 1.55); propodeum sparsely pilose (vs moderately pilose).

The new species is also similar in colour to D. commatus sp. nov., from which it can be isolated by having the T2 reddish, with a very narrow anterior blackish stripe ( Fig. 7C ) (vs blackish, with posterior yellow stripe, Fig. 9B ); hind tibia entirely deep yellow (vs apically blackish); hind femur mostly reddish (vs blackish and dark brown); and extensive bright yellow marks on mesosoma (vs matte yellow marks). Structurally, it differs in 55 features, of which the most important are as follows: posterior area of propodeum strigate ( Fig. 7C ) (vs strigate-rugulose, Fig. 9B ); anterior transverse carina of propodeum slightly arched forwards (vs distinctly arched, somewhat bell-shaped); posterior transverse carina of propodeum represented only by very slight sublateral crests (vs represented by distinct sublateral crests); metapleuron lineate (vs lineate-rugulose); median tubercle of clypeus large, blunt, placed mostly on apical area (vs very small, pointed and placed entirely on apical area); supra-antennal area medially, near ocelli, rugulose (vs medially coriarious); hind coxa punctate, dorsally sparsely, otherwise densely (vs punctate-coriarious); mesoscutum densely punctate (vs densely punctate-coriarious); epicnemial carina more or less uniformly curved, reaching about 0.70 of distance to subalar ridge (vs distinctly sinuous and reaching about 0.85 of distance to subalar ridge); propodeum sparsely pilose (vs densely pilose).

Distribution records

Brazil (PA, MT, MG, RJ, ES).

Figures

Fig. 7. Distictus ateles sp. nov., holotype (USUC), ♀. A. Head, frontal view. B. Areolet of fore right wing. C. Propodeum + first two tergites, dorsal view. D. Habitus. E. Apex of ovipositor, left side.

Fig. 16. Distribution records for Distictus spp. A. D. mexicanus Kasparyan & Ruíz, 2005. B. D. ateles sp. nov. C. D. paratibialis sp. nov. D. D. tibialis (Brullé, 1846). E. Least common species: D. commatus sp. nov. (star), D. daelus sp. nov. (triangle), D. asterios sp. nov. (circle), D. notabilis sp. nov. (lozenge), D. ardens sp. nov. (square), D. caligaris sp. nov. (thin lozenge) and D. apaensis sp. nov. (pentagon). F. D. terrosus sp. nov.

Fig. 12. Distictus notabilis sp. nov., holotype (AMNH), ♀. A. Head, frontal view. B. Head + mesosoma, dorsal view. C. Head + mesosoma, right side. D. Habitus. E. Apex of ovipositor, left side. F. Dorsal view. G. Propodeum and metapleuron, left side.

Fig. 15. Distictus tibialis (Brullé, 1846). A–B. Head, frontal view (A: UFES; B: CNCI). C. Mesosoma, left side (UFES). D. ♀, habitus (DZUP). E. ♂, habitus (UFES45305). F. Propodeum + coxae + first tergite, dorsal view (UFES51229). G. ♀, habitus (UFES). H. Apex of ovipositor, left side (UFES45337).

Fig. 9. Distictus commatus sp. nov., holotype (USUC) ♀. A. Head, frontal view. B. Propodeum + first two tergites, dorsal view. C. Habitus D. Apex of ovipositor, left side.