Cypraeogemmula warnerae, EFFINGER, 1938

Groves, Lindsey & Squires, Richard L., 2023, Revision of northeast Pacific Paleogene cypraeoidean gastropods, including recognition of three new species: implications for paleobiogeographic distribution and faunal turnover, PaleoBios 40 (10), pp. 1-52 : 35

CYPRAEOGEMMULA WARNERAE EFFINGER, 1938

FIGS. 10D–F

Cypraeogemmula warnerae Effinger, 1938 . p. 365 (table 1), 381, pl. 47, figs. 29, 35. Weaver, 1942 [1943]. p. 394, 395, pl. 77, fig. 2. Durham, 1944. pp. 117, 165. Roberts, 1958. p. 25. Schilder, 1961. p. 147. Schilder and Schilder, 1971. p. 22, 168. Groves, 1993. p. 12. Squires and Goedert, 1995. p. 258 (table 1). Squires et al., 1996. p. 137–140, figs. 2–8. Groves, 1997. p. 7. Dolin and Ledon, 2002. p. 331. Lorenz and Fehse, 2009. p. 14, fig. 6c (figs. 2, 4 refigured from Squires et al., 1996). Dolin et al., 2013. p. 783. Fehse, 2018. p. 33, fig. 3.1(fig. 5 refigured from Squires et al., 1996). Lorenz, 2018. p. 698, pl. 345, fig. 3 (figs. 2, 4 refigured from Squires et al., 1996). Pacaud, 2018c. p. 7, 8.

Holotype and Type Locality— UCMP 33588 ,lost (D.R. Lindberg, personal communication, 1995, confirmed by A.A. Dineen ( UCMP), March, 2022), altitude 4.1 mm, maximum diameter 3 mm ( Effinger 1938), UCMP Locality 3607, “Gries Ranch beds,” lower Lincoln Creek Formation , Lewis County, Washington.

Referred Specimens— Hypotype (of Squires et al., 1996, figs. 2–8) LACMIP 16655.37 , LACMIP Type 11372 ( Figs. 10D–F ), LACMIP Locality 16655 [= LAC- MIP Locality 41563; ex CSUN Locality 1563], Crescent Formation, Larch Mountain area, Black Hills, Thurston County, southwestern Washington. Six specimens UCMP 35334-35336 (of Durham, 1944), Quimper Formation, Woodman’s Station , Jefferson County , Washington, UCMP Locality A-1802. Three additional specimens ( LACMIP 41567.1 , LACMIP Type 14946), LACMIP Locality 16849 [= LACMIP Locality 41567; ex CSUN Locality 1567], upper Crescent Formation / lower McIntosh Formation transition zone, Garrard Creek area , Doty Hills, Lewis County , Washington and two specimens LACMIP Localites 16850 [ex CSUN Locality 1570] and 16850 [ex CSUN Locality 1567] were examined. Two specimens, LACMIP Locality 10037 [ex CIT 140 ] ( LACMIP 10037.14 , LACMIP Type 14934), Gries Ranch, Lewis County , Washington, collected 4 August, 1928 by N.M. Tegland .

Occurrence— “Capay Stage” (middle lower) Eocene to Galvinian Stage (upper Eocene part). “CAPAY STAGE”: Upper part of the Crescent Formation, Black Hills, Thurston County, western Washington ( Squires et al. 1996). MIDDLE EOCENE: Transition beds between the upper part of the Crescent Formation and the overlying lower part of the McIntosh Formation, northern Doty Hills, Lewis County, western Washington ( Squires and Goedert 1995). GALVINIAN STAGE: “Gries Ranch beds” in the lower part of the Lincoln Creek Formation, near Vader, Lewis County, western Washington ( Effinger 1938); lower part of the Quimper Sandstone, Discovery Bay, Quimper Peninsula, Jefferson County, western Washinton ( Effinger 1938; Durham 1944).

Etymology— Originally named for the late Mary Warner Effinger, wife of the author William L. Effinger [1905-1985] ( UCMP).

Description— Shell minute, ovate. Protoconch (= spire in this species) visible, four whorls inclined to right side [initial whorl low, rounded, smooth, and naticiform; second whorl tabulate with oblique axial sculpture and with no sculpture anterior to the tabulation, third and fourth whorls with oblique decussate (rhomboidal) axial sculpture crossed by four or five spiral ribs, each spiral rib bisecting a rhomb and producing a triangular pattern, and protoconch set off from teleoconch by a smooth shelf. Aperture straight, widens anteriorly. Outer lip with about 28 transverse ridges, most of which extend completely across inflected surface. Inner lip with about 20 transverse ribs. Left edge of inner lip demarked by a prominent longitudinal ridge extending across the body whorl from tip of anterior to tip of posterior canal. Fossula obsolete. ( Effinger 1938; Squires et al. 1996).

Remarks— The geologic occurrence of Cypraeogemmula warneri in the NEP region is unusual. Although it occurred during the “Capay Stage” in Washington, it apparently did not reappear until 15 million years laters in the lower Galvinian Stage in Washington. More collecting of this minute gastropod is needed. Fehse (2018) noted that presence of Cypraeogemmula liliputana Schilder, 1922 in Ukrainian strata, as reported by Pacaud (2018c), proves that C. warnerae is a synonym based on morphological similarities. Pacaud (2018c) noted that both C. warnerae and C. liliputana are close but noted protoconch and sculptural differences that separate the two species.

Figures

Figure 10. A–C. Cypraedia sp. Bateque Formation (Eocene, “Capay Stage”), Mesa La Salina, Baja California Sur, México. Basal (A), dorsal (B), and right (labral) side (C) views, 2.3x, length 19.5 mm, width 13.2 mm, height 11.9 mm, of hypotype IGM 5057, LACMIP Locality 41220b [ex CSUN Locality 1220b]. D–F. Cypraeogemmula warnerae Effinger, 1938. “Gries Ranch beds,” Crescent Formation (upper part) (Eocene, “Capay Stage” to Galvinian Stage), Black Hills area, Washington. Basal (D) and dorsal (E) views, both 16x, and left (columellar) (F) view, 33x, of hypotype LACMIP 16655.37, LACMIP Type 11372, LACMIP Locality 16655 [= LACMIP Locality 41563; ex CSUN Locality 1563]. (continued on next page)