Cynoglossum anatolicum, Sutorý, 2024

Sutorý, Karel, 2024, Contribution to Cynoglossum species (Boraginaceae) in Turkey, Phytotaxa 633 (3), pp. 241-252 : 246-248

Cynoglossum anatolicum, Sutorý , sp. nov.

Holoype:— TURKEY. Vilayet Amasya: Forest road above the lake Boraboy Göl (Kocagöl), 4 km WSW of the village Boraboy, 1170 m, [40°47’48” N, 36°08’15” E] 9 July 2011, K. Sutorý s.n. (BRNM 739043, isotypes: BRNM, E, K, LE, W). ( Fig. 6).

Description:—Biennials, over 60 cm tall, stems erect, simple, rarely several, mostly richly branched in upper part, sparse puberulent; trichomes up to 2 mm long, not rigid, patent in lower part, subadpressed and acroscopic in upper part. Leaves of sterile rosettes elliptic, with long petiolate lamina up to 20 cm long and 2 cm wide. Subbasal stem leaves scarcely puberulent, with 0.5 mm long, patent, rigid trichomes in upper part, cauline leaves linear-oblong, 12 cm long, 12 mm wide, acute, lower ones sometimes obtuse; trichomes patent, up to 1.3 mm long, rigid at their basis, soft in upper part. Inflorescence terminal, branches numerous (up to 15), simple or rarely some lower ones branched, branches growing at a sharp angle (ca. 15–50°), small lanceolate bracts usually singly on lower branches. Pedicels up to 5 (–7) mm long, calyx lobes variably pubescent, with stiff, short, appressed trichomes on inner side, sometimes only in upper parts or with dispersed solitary trichomes or even glabrous, corolla tube 2 mm long, lobes 4 mm long, fornices papillose (in dry conditions), 0.5 mm long, 0.4 mm broad, nutlets broadly ovate, (5.2–) 6.0–6.8 (–7.5) long, L/W ratio (1.09–) 1.21–1.28 (–1.41), glochidia slender, 0.5–1.2 mm long, with abundant intermixed small tubercles when ripe, disc indistinctly developed.

Notes: C. anatolicum is similar to C. teheranicum but more robust, and the branches of richer inflorescences are positioned at sharp angles. The nutlets ( Fig.3 ) are not round but slightly elongated and smaller ( Fig. 1 ), its glochidia are not so conspicuously slender, 0.5 mm long, but longer on the disc though still less than 1 mm long. Lower leaves are scarcely hairy on the upper side and calyx lobes are glabrous or hairy on the inner side. Distinguishing C. anatolicum from C. montanum is not trivial. Their habitual similarity is great; the similar dimensions of corollas and in addition, the overlapping distribution ranges in north-west Turkey make it difficult to discriminate the two. Despite the expected different ecological demands, the local situation in the field may cause both species to co-occur close to each other in this region. In the east of Turkey, this species is replaced by C. teheranicum , which prefers drier parts of the interior and eastern part of Anatolia.

Distribution:—Probably endemic to Turkey, but its occurrence in south-east Georgia is not excluded. Isolated localities on higher mountains (mostly over 1000 m in elevation) in parts of Anatolia west of the so-called “Anatolian diagonal” ( Ekim & Güner 1986) ( Fig. 7 ).

Specimens examined: TURKEY:— A2 Bursa, Uludağ: Bakacikalti, Teferüç , Zeyniler , 20 May 1944, M. Başarman, M. Heilbronn 3149 ( ISTF) ; Uludağ: Softaboğan , 2 July 1944, M. Başarman, M. Heilbronn 2103 ( ISTF) ; Uludağ: Elmaçukuru [Süleymaniye], 28 June 1944, M. Başarman 3536 ( ISTF) ; Uludağ: Kayak Evi , 13 July 1953, M. Heilbronn 2097 ( ISTF) ; Olymp Bith. ( Olympe de Bithynie ) [Uludağ 2543 m], 1837, M. Aucher-Eloy 2294 ( P) ; Uludağ bei Bursa. Buchenwalzone , 21 June 1955, H. & E. Walter 647 ( B) ; Bithynia: in regione subalpina montis Keschisch- Dağh (Olympi), 1200 m, 31 May 1899, J. Bornmüller 5326 ( B). A3 Kocaeli: Kocaeli — Ankara karayolu, Sapanca yol airimi, MaŞukiye koyu, Kuzuyayla (Kaltepe) arasi, 3 km, 20 May 1973, N. & E. Özhatay 24586 ( ISTE) ; Bolu: Bolu Dağlari, Varan tesisleri yakini, 750 m, 21 May 1972, A. & T. Baytop 21848 ( ISTE) ; Bolu, Abant gölu, Kartal yuvrasi çevresi, Urticalarin arasinda, 1500 m, 4 July 1983, N. & E. Özhatay 51150. ( ISTE) ; Bolu, Abant gölü ak ı n ı yol kenar ı, 17 June 1973, E. Sezik, N. Ezer, I. Çaliş, E. Yeşilada, T. Himmetoğlu s.n. ( E) ; Bei Bolu, s.d., I. Huttar-Widl s.n. ( LI) ; Sündiken Daglari, Çatacik ormanlari, Asartepe hill, 7.5 km NEE of Arikaya village, 1750 m, 27 June 2007, K. Sutorý s.n. ( BRNM) ; Bolu, on the road to the north to Yığılca , under the ridge, in pascuis, c. 1300 m, 2 July 1997, K. Sutorý s.n. ( BRNM) ; Bolu: vilayet, Bolu dağ, edges of deciduous woodland, 900 m, 18 June 1968, E. M. Rix et al. 635 ( E). A 4 Zonguldag: inter Safranbolu et Barin, ad occidentem ad salt. mont. Ahmetusta (1050 m), 1300–1500 m, 26 June 1997, K. Sutorý s.n. ( BRNM) ; Zonguldag—Devrek yolu 18 km, 580 m, 14 May 1956, H. Demiriz s.n. ( ISTF) ; Illgaz Da. E. of pass, 1 st ridge and high summit. 2000 m, 19 July 1969, J. Darrah 54 ( E) ; Kastamonu Province: in the saddle between Inebolu and Kastamonu, north of Küre , on calcareous rocks to the east of the saddle, 1100 m, 29 June 1997, K. Sutorý s.n. ( BRNM) ; Ineboli [Inebolu]: prope Ibras [YeŞilöz köyü], 30 April 1892, P. Sintenis 3735 ( JE) ; Zonguldag: Kel Tepe. 1450 m, mountain meadow, 1 June 1967, C. Tobey 1875 ( E) ; A5 Amasya: Akdag TaŞova Destek yolu, Boraboy gölu civari, 1000 m, 26 June 1977, K. Alpınar 37986 ( ISTE) ; TaŞova, Baraboy göl, civari, 1000 m, 21 May 1978. K. Alpınar 39836 ( ISTE) ; Forest road above the lake Boraboy Göl ( Kocagöl ), 4 km WSW of the village Boraboy , 1170 m, 9 July 2011, K. Sutorý s.n. ( BRNM) ; Forest road Boraboy—Duricasu, on southern slopes of the ridge above the lake Boraboy Göl ( Kocagöl ), 4.5 km WSW of the village Boraboy , 1300 m, 9 July 2011, K. Sutorý s.n. ( BRNM) ; Amasya: Akdag. Suluova Ladik arasi. Eğribük koyü üstleri, Çilce yaylası, 1160 m, 24 June 1977, K. Alpınar 37908 ( ISTE) ; Amasya: Sulova Ladik arasi. Seyfekoyü , 1500 m., 27 June 1977, K. Alpınar 37146 ( ISTE) ; Samsun, Ladik ( Buroboy ), 10 June 1964, C. Tobey 765 ( E) ; Amasya Akdag, Ziyretkoy, Sarcikagili mevkii, üstü Ahmetoglu yaylası, 1200 m, 28 June 1967, K. Alpınar 38022 ( ISTE) ; Çorum. Kos dag, Hacihamza. Upper mountain area, limestone, stony above pine forest, alt. 1900 m, 30 July 1967, A. R. Mitchell, Cheese, Watson 3501 ( K) ; Çorum: Iskilip. Kababdere Above KarmıŞ, 1300 m, 29 May 1965, M. J. E. Coode, B. M. G. Jones 1763 ( E) ; Sinop Province, to the east of the road between Sinop and Boyabat, north of the village Soguksu, 900 m, 28 June 1997, K. Sutorý s.n. ( BRNM). A6 Paphlagonia austr.: In regione alpina abietina montis Ilkas dagh (m. Olgassys) supra Karakol trajectus (Passhohe) inter Çankri et Tossya) 2000–2150 m, 20 June 1929, J. & F. Bornmüller s.n. ( B) ; Tokat, Çamlıbeli Daglari, on the road Tokat — Sivas, to the North of Çamlıbel geçidi (1646 m), pastures with Pinus , c. 1500 m, 26 June 1997, K. Sutorý s.n. ( BRNM). Between Kengel and Akgedik (Sivas), 3 June 1968, T. Baytop 13404 ( E). A7 NE Turkey, distr. Erzincan 34 km N of Erzincan, on the way to Kelkit. Steep norther slope, oak forest, 1600–1700 m, 5 July 1963, G. Orshan, U. Plitmann 57215 ( HUJ) ; Armenia turcica. Sanchak Gümüschkhane. Sorda, 21 May 1897, P. Sintenis 5677 ( JE). A8 Artvin: Panalli [? Hopa, Pınarlı] koyu bienek Dogina, orman yolu bunca, 1600–3100 m, 12 August 1984, Demirleur s.n. ( HUB). B3 Afyon: Sultandaglari, Dereçine ustundeki, Büyük yayla, 1820 m, 9 June 1974, A. Baytop, G. Dökmeci, Y. Doğantan 29150 ( ISTE) ; Konya, AkŞehir, Hidirlidag oteli üstleri, 1060 m, 25 May 1974, G. Dökmeci, Y. Doğantan 28514 ( ISTE) ; Konya, AkŞehir, Tekke köyü üstleri, Danasekisi. 1640 m, 29 May 1974, G. Dökmeci, Y. Doğantan 28830 ( ISTE) ; Isparta Province: Sultandaglari , slopes over the road between Aksehir and Bagkonak, schistose rocks, ca. 1400 m, 12 June 1999, K. Sutorý s.n. ( BRNM) ; EskiŞehir - Sündiken dag. Yol kenar ı, 600 m, 20 May 1971, T. Ekim 328 ( E) ; EskiŞehir, not far from the waterfall BeŞikderesi Şelalesi, 3.5 km southwest of Yukarıılıca , 1000 m, 28 June 2007, K. Sutorý s.n. ( BRNM). B4 Ankara, Beynam ormani, 17 May 1947, H. Bagda 108 ( ISTE). B5 Kayseri. Bakir dağ [Bakirdaği] nr Akolug yayla above Kisge, 1800 m, 30 June 1952, P. H. Davis 19356, E. R. Dodds, R. Çetik ( E) ; Aksaray Hasandaği … Türkmenlik seyek, 1450 m, Quercus ormani ici, 15 June 1973, A. Düzenli 300 ( E). B6 Erdschias dagh, auf Abhängen bei Gereme [Göreme], ca. 1800 m, June 1902, E. Zederbauer s.n. ( W, WU) ; Erd. [Erdschias dagh], auf steinigen Abhängen des Karasivri , ca. 2200 m, June 1902, Zederbauer E. s.n. ( WU) ; Galatia: Ditionis oppiduli Kaleçik in monte Kyrk-kys-dagh [Kırkkız Dağı], ca. 1000 m, 10 July 1929, J. & F. Bornmüller 14415 ( B, Z) ; Yozgat: Akdagmadeni to Büyük Nalbant dağ above Yukari Çulhali , 2100 m, grazed rocky slope, schistose and serpentine, 6 June 1965, M. J. E. Coode, B. M. G. Jones 2051 ( E) ( Riedl 1978) ; B7 Zara: Rocks and pastures, south of the small mountain pass, about 30 km S of Zara , on southern slopes of Beydağ (2802 m), 1940 m, 25 June 2011, K. Sutorý s.n. ( BRNM). C2 Denizli, ditioni di Altinyayla verso il passo Dirmil, rocce e boscaglia rada su calcare lungo la strada presso il russelo, ca. 1370 m, 24 June 2010, F. Selvi, L. Cecchi 10.67 ( FI). C3 In montis Pisidae prope Tscheltschi [Çeltikçi], May 1845, T. Heldreich s.n. ( W) ; Une montagne prés Tcheltikchi, village a 6 hour …sud de Bouldons, 21 May 1845, Anonymous s.n. ( G). C4 Antalya Province: Sugözü (ca. 20 km NE of GazipaŞa , over the village, ca. 900 m, 23 June 1999, K. Sutorý s.n. ( BRNM).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Length of nutlets of C. montanum, C. anatolicum, C. teheranicum and C. longeglochidiatum. Those of C. longeglochidiatum were influenced by the low number of sufficient material.

FIGURE 3. Identification characters on nutlets of C. montanum, C. anatolicum, C. teheranicum and C. longeglochidiatum.

FIGURE 7. Cynoglossum anatolicum Sutorý, type specimen.