Ctenoplectrella grimaldii, Engel, 2001

ENGEL, MICHAEL S., 2001, A Monograph Of The Baltic Amber Bees And Evolution Of The Apoidea (Hymenoptera), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2001 (259), pp. 1-1 : 1-

Ctenoplectrella grimaldii , new species Figures 45, 46 Plate 3f

DIAGNOSIS: Refer to diagnosis presented for C. cockerelli (above).

DESCRIPTION: Female. Total body length 5.40 mm; forewing length 3.56 mm. Head slightly wider than long (length 1.34 mm, width 1.72 mm). Upper interorbital distance 1.11 mm; lower interorbital distance 1.00 mm. Interocellar distance 0.34 mm; ocellocular distance 0.31 mm; median ocellus to lateral ocellus 0.16 mm. Intertegular distance 1.13 mm. Basal vein confluent with cu­a; second abscissa of Rs basad 1m­cu by seven times vein width; 2rs­m distad 2m­cu by vein width, 2rs­m doubly arcuate; second submarginal cell slightly longer than first submarginal cell; eight distal hamuli, arranged in a single, evenly spaced series.

Mandibular sculpturing not visible. Clypeus with small punctures separated by a puncture width or less, integument between smooth. Supraclypeal area sculptured as on clypeus. Face with punctures separated by 1– 1.5 times a puncture width, integument between smooth. Vertex and gena with small punctures separated by about a puncture width, integument between smooth. Mesoscutum, scutellum, and metanotum impunctate and finely imbricate. Tegula with minute, faint punctures separated by 1–2 times a puncture width, integument between faintly imbricate. Pleura impunctate and finely imbricate. Propodeum impunctate and imbricate. Terga and sterna imbricate.

Color dark brown or black without maculations. Wing membrane hyaline; veins strong and dark brown.

Mandible with minute, simple, appressed setae. Clypeus with minute, appressed, simple setae not obscuring integument; similar setae also on face below level of antennal sockets, intermixed with scattered, longer, erect setae on face, clypeus, supraclypeal area, gena, and postgena. Mesoscutum and scutellum with scattered, short, simple setae except those of scutellum slightly longer. Pleural pubescence as described for mesoscutum. Basal area of propodeum without pubescence; lateral and posterior surfaces with pubescence as described for mesoscutum. Pubescence of legs generally simple and short; inner surface of metafemur without pubescence, outer, anterior, and posterior surfaces with short, branched setae; metatibia with scattered, simple, moderate­length setae, a few with minute branches. Central discs of metasomal terga with sparse, minute, simple, appressed setae, setae longer and erect to suberect on lateral borders; sternal scopa composed of dense, long, erect, simple setae.

MATERIAL: One specimen. Holotype. Female, B­JH 88 ( AMNH) labeled: ‘‘Baltic amber: Eocene, Kaliningrad, Yantarny’’ // ‘‘ Holotype, Ctenoplectrella grimaldii Engel’’.

ETYMOLOGY: The specific epithet is a patronymic honoring Dr. David A. Grimaldi for his friendship, advice, and assistance with my paleontological studies.

Ctenoplectrella sp. indet.

MATERIAL: One specimen. Non­type. Female, Nr. 1616 ( CCGG) labeled: ‘‘Nr. 1616’’ // ‘‘ Ctenoplectrella sp. indet., det. M. S. Engel’’.

COMMENTS: It is possible that this speci­

men represents another individual of C. viridiceps .

Ctenoplectrella sp. indet.

MATERIAL: One specimen. Non­type. Female, Nr. 3000 ( GPUH) labeled: ‘‘Nr. 3000’’ // ‘‘ Ctenoplectrella sp. indet., det. M. S. En­

gel’’.

Ctenoplectrella ? sp. indet.

Megachile sp. Gerlach, 1989: 255 . [misidentifi­

cation]

MATERIAL: One specimen. Non­type. Female, Nr. G4669 ( IMGP) labeled ‘‘Reservierte Registriernummer, Megachile : G4669 [Gerlach handwriting]’’ // ‘‘ Megachile sp. indet., Gerlach, J., 1987’’ // ‘‘G4669, Ctenoplectrella sp. indet. (sensu Ckll.), det. M. S. Engel, 1999, Geologisch­Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, Göttingen’’.

COMMENTS: This specimen is poorly preserved and is mostly covered by Schimmel except for portions of the compound eyes, an exposed wing, apices of the legs; other structures dimly visible through thinner regions of Schimmel. Those few visible features generally suggest a species of Ctenoplectrella (i.e., an osmiine without eye setae, relatively orthogonal second abscissa Rs to M, and with an apparently narrow gena). The strongly arcuate 2rs­m suggests C. cockerelli or C. grimaldii but further identification as to species is impossible. The somewhat larger body size (ca. 8 mm) suggests that the specimen may represent an otherwise unknown species (if indeed it is a true Ctenoplectrella at all!). The body size is closer to that of Glaesosmia .

Glaesosmia , new genus

TYPE SPECIES: Glaesosmia genalis Engel , new species.

DIAGNOSIS: This genus is most similar to Ctenoplectrella but differs by the short supraclypeal area, broad gena, angulate second abscissa of Rs (fig. 47), and broad head (refer to key to genera, above).

DESCRIPTION: Mandible with three lower teeth along apical margin, upper tooth separated from lower two teeth by a short, gently concave cutting­edge. Malar space short, much shorter than basal mandibular width. Clypeus flat; not extending below lower tan­

Fig. 47. Forewing of holotype female of

Glaesosmia genalis , new species. Scale bar = 1 mm.

gent of compound eyes. Subantennal sutures as long as antennal socket diameter. Compound eyes bare; compound eye as broad as gena in lateral view; inner margins straight and slightly converging below. F1 slightly longer than F2; length of F2 approximately equal to that of F3. Posterior margin of vertex gently concave. Preoccipital area round­ ed. Mesoscutum and scutellum not coarsely sculptured; mesoscutal anterior border broadly rounded; median line moderately impressed; parapsidal lines moderately impressed and linear; tegula oval; scutellum low, weakly convex, not overhanging metanotum; propodeum not strongly sculptured. Claws with inner tooth, inner tooth shorter than outer; arolium present; outer apex of mesotibia without spine; two metatibial spurs, spurs serrate. Basal vein strongly arcuate; second abscissa Rs forming an acute angle with M (fig. 47). No apparent maculations on integument.

ETYMOLOGY: The new genus­group name is a combination of glaesum (Latin, meaning ‘‘amber’’) and the generic name Osmia . The name is feminine.

Glaesosmia genalis , new species Figure 47

DIAGNOSIS: As for the genus (see above).

DESCRIPTION: Female. Total body length 7.15 mm; forewing length 5.05 mm. Head much wider than long (length 2.05 mm, width 2.30 mm). Upper interorbital distance 1.50 mm; lower interorbital distance 1.45 mm. Interocellar distance 0.40 mm; ocellocular distance 0.40 mm; median ocellus to lateral ocellus 0.15 mm. Intertegular distance 1.85 mm. Basal vein basad cu­a by vein width; second abscissa Rs basad 1m­cu by 10 times vein width; 2rs­m distad 2m­cu by vein width, 2rs­m doubly arcuate; second submarginal cell slightly longer than first submarginal cell, lower apical margin of second submarginal cell extending apically; 10 distal hamuli, arranged in a single, evenly spaced series.

Clypeus with small punctures separated by a puncture width or less, integument between smooth. Supraclypeal area and face with small punctures separated by a puncture width or less, integument between smooth. Vertex and gena with sculpturing as on face, although punctures slightly more widely spaced, separated by about 0.5–1.5 times a puncture width, integument between smooth. Mesoscutum with small punctures separated by less than a puncture width, integument between smooth. Tegula with minute punctures separated by a puncture width or less, integument between smooth. Scutellum sculptured as on mesoscutum. Metanotum rugulose. Preëpisternal area (i.e., anterior­facing surface anterior to omaulus) essentially impunctate and smooth except for a few, exceedingly faint, widely spaced, coarse punctures. Mesepisternum with small punctures separated a puncture width, integument between smooth, punctures becoming faint on posterior third. Metepisternum impunctate and smooth. Basal area and posterior surface of propodeum finely imbricate and impunctate, lateral surface finely imbricate with a few, sparse, faint, small punctures. T1–T2 impunctate and smooth; remaining terga with coarse, faint punctures separated by a puncture width, integument between smooth; sternal integument obscured.

Coloration brown, without maculations. Wing membrane hyaline except between C+Sc and R slightly fuscous in some specimens; veins dark brown.

Clypeus with minute, appressed, simple setae not obscuring integument. Face, clypeus, supraclypeal area, gena, and postgena with scattered, short, erect or suberect, simple setae. Mesoscutum and scutellum with scattered, short, simple setae. Pleural pubescence as described for mesoscutum. Basal area of propodeum without pubescence; lateral and posterior surfaces with pubescence as described for mesoscutum. Pubescence of legs generally simple and short; inner surface of metafemur without pubescence, outer, anterior, and posterior surfaces with short, branched setae; metatibia with scattered, simple, moderate­length setae, a few with minute branches. Central discs of metasomal terga with sparse, minute, simple, appressed setae, setae longer and erect to suberect on lateral borders; sternal scopa composed of dense, long, erect, simple setae.

MATERIAL: One specimen. Holotype. Female, B­JH 80 ( AMNH) labeled: ‘‘Baltic amber: Eocene, Kaliningrad, Yantarny’’ // ‘‘ Holotype, Glaesosmia genalis Engel’’.

ETYMOLOGY: The specific epithet is a reference to the enlarged gena (L. gena, meaning ‘‘cheek’’).

Family APIDAE Latreille

DIAGNOSIS: Long­tongued bees lacking a strong metasomal scopa in nonparasitic forms and with the clypeus bent posteriorly lateral to the narrowed labral articulation.

DESCRIPTION: Single subantennal suture; suture meeting lower margin of antennal socket. Facial foveae absent. Lower lateral margins of clypeus bent posteriorly on either side of labrum. Flabellum present; glossa acute; labial palpus with first two segments flattened, sheath­like, and elongate; submentum strongly V­shaped and sclerotized, submental arms articulating with cardines slightly above cardo­stipital articulations. Galeal comb absent; stipital comb and concavity present; basistiptial process elongate. Preëpisternal groove absent. Mesocoxa entirely exposed. Metabasitibial frequently present. Jugal lobe short. Strong metasomal scopa absent; scopa variously formed on metafemur and metatibia, metatibia sometimes developed into a corbicula (in nonparasitic females). Metapostnotum setose. Pygidial plate and fimbria of female typically present.

Figures

Figs. 45–46. Holotype female of Ctenoplectrella grimaldii, new species. 45. Dorsal view of holotype. 46. Left lateral view of mesosomal dorsum. Scale bar = 1 mm.