Costanana bifida, Domahovski & Cavichioli, 2023

Domahovski, Alexandre C. & Cavichioli, Rodney R., 2023, Eight new species of Costanana DeLong & Freytag (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini): taxonomic changes, key to males, and description of Metacostana gen. nov., European Journal of Taxonomy 889 (1), pp. 1-53 : 8-11

Costanana bifida sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1E3E4396-C303-457E-851A-DE241107248C

Figs 2–3 , 11C–D

Diagnosis

Coloration ( Fig. 11C ) of head and pronotum yellowish-brown with small black maculae, forewing costal margin with broad light yellow macula on anterior third and large depigmented (white) macula on apical third. Style ( Fig. 2K ) without dentiform ventral process near base of blade; apical portion bifid, with slender process at apical third, directed posterad and adjacent to dorsal apex. Aedeagus ( Fig. 2L–M ) with pair of lateral processes at base, strongly curved dorsally; shaft short, strongly compressed laterally, without apical processes.

Etymology

The species epithet ‘ bifida ’ refers to the branched blade of the style.

Material examined

Holotype BRAZIL • ♂; “ Terra Boa PR [Paraná] \ 15-25.VII.1985 \ J.A. Rafael ”; DZUP 215493 .

Paratypes BRAZIL – Paraná • 1 ♂; “Brasil, PR [Paraná], Antonina \ Res. [Reserva] Rio Cachoeira \ 25.316ºS 46.696ºW \ 50m, 05-10.XI.2015 \ Luminosa suspensa \ Entomologia UFPR”; DZUP 215494 • 1 ♀; “Brasil, PR [Paraná], Antonina, \ R.P.P.N. [ Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural ] Guaricica , \ 25.316ºS 46.696ºW \ 31.I-04.II.2022, Luz solo, \ Entomologia UFPR”; DZUP 215495 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding, except 23–27 Jan. 2023; DZUP 214305 • 1 ♀; “ Jundiaí do Sul - PR [Paraná], Fazenda Monte Verde \ Brasil 19.X.1987 \ Lev. [Levantemento] Ent. [Entomológico] PROFAUPAR \ Malaise ”; DZUP 215496 .

Description

MEASUREMENTS. Holotype male: total length 5.9 mm. Paratype male (n = 1) 5.7 mm; female (n = 3) 5.8–6.1 mm.

COLORATION. Dorsal portion of head and thorax yellowish-brown ( Figs 2A, C , 11C ); ventral portion yellow ( Figs 2B–C , 11D ). Crown ( Fig. 2A ) with transverse narrow black stripe interrupted medially over median line; pair of rounded black spots behind ocelli, near posterior margin; eyes (in life) and ocelli red. Pronotum ( Fig. 2A ) with small black irregular maculae near anterior and lateral margins. Mesonotum ( Fig. 2A ) with pair of rounded black spots medially and pair of elongated black macula submedially (paratypes). Face ( Fig. 2B ) without maculae. Forewing ( Fig. 2D ) with large light yellow macula on anterior half of costal margin and a large rounded depigmented (white) macula at level of outer anteapical cell, remaining portion of costal cell, apex of apical cells, apex of clavus, apex of anal veins and appendix dark brown. Legs ( Fig. 11D ) yellow, without black markings.

STRUCTURE. Head in dorsal view ( Fig. 2A ): median length of crown slightly shorter than interocular width; transocular width of head 8.5 tenths humeral width of pronotum; in lateral view ( Fig. 2C ), with anterior margin thick, with 6–7 carinae. Forewing ( Fig. 2D ) inner discal cell open, m-cu 2 crossvein absent; apex rounded. Profemur AV row with 3–4 setae restricted to basal half and PV row with 1 apical seta. Protibia PD row with 3 long setae and apical PD 1 seta developed; PV row developed, with 8 setae increasing in thickness and length towards apex. Metatibia rows PD, AD, and AV with 20–21, 12, and 12–13 macrosetae, respectively. Metatarsomere I apex with 3 platellae. Metatarsomere II apex with 2 platellae. Other characteristics as in the generic description.

MALE TERMINALIA. Sternite VIII ( Fig. 2E ) 1.1× as wide as long; lateral margins excavated at base, forming a triangular projection and then converging towards apex, narrow and rounded. Valve ( Fig. 2F ) 2.5× as wide as long; posterior margin slightly rounded. Pygofer ( Fig. 2G ), in lateral view, 2.2× as long as maximum height; ventral margin straight; posterodorsal margin slightly rounded; posteroventral margin straight; external surface near ventral margin with short filiform setae; macrosetae distributed on apical half; apex truncated. Subgenital plate ( Fig. 2G ), in lateral view, short, surpassing half length of pygofer; in ventral view ( Fig. 2H ), 3.7× as long as wide; inner margin approximately straight; external margin rounded on basal half; ventral surface and external margin with long filiform setae; apex strongly tapered and weakly sclerotized. Connective ( Fig. 2I ) Y-shaped; arms weakly produced laterally; stalk about twice as long as maximum width of arms; median keel weakly developed. Style ( Fig. 2J ), in dorsal view, with outer lobe small and rounded; in lateral view ( Fig. 2K ), blade evenly curved dorsally; ventral margin not serrated, with a slender process at apical third, directed posterad and adjacent to dorsal apex; apex broad and rounded, forming small tip directed anterad. Aedeagus ( Fig. 2L–M ) preatrium not developed; dorsal apodeme produced laterally and broadly rounded; pair of lateral processes at base, strongly curved dorsally, wide at base and slender distally, apex acute; shaft short, wide, strongly compressed laterally; apical portion enlarged in posterior view and without processes.

FEMALE TERMINALIA. Sternite VII ( Fig. 3A, C ), in ventral view, 2.5× as wide as long; posterolateral angles rounded and produced posterad; posterior margin slightly excavated medially and each side of lateral angles. Internal sternite VIII membranous. Pygofer ( Fig. 3A–B ), in lateral view, approximately 2× as long as high; macrosetae distributed at ventral half and apex; apex rounded. First valvifer ( Fig. 3D ) subelliptic, slightly higher than wide. First valvula ( Fig. 3D ) 7.2× as long as high; ventral interlocking device long, reaching apical fourth; dorsal sculptured area areolate; apical portion ( Fig. 5E ) gradually tapering to apex; apex acute and areolate. Second valvula ( Fig. 3F ) 11.5× as long as high; dorsal protuberance small and acute, localized before midlength of blade; apical portion ( Fig. 3G ) with dorsal margin bearing small denticles approximately regular in shape and size; ventroapical margin with minute rounded denticles; apex subacute. Second valvifer ( Fig. 3H ) 2.2× as high as wide. Gonoplac ( Fig. 3H ) 5× as long as high; dorsoapical margin straight, approximately one-third of length of gonoplac; ventral margin evenly rounded, with a few short setae; outer surface ( Fig. 3I ) with many integumentary denticles; rounded apex.

Remarks

Costanana bifida sp. nov. is similar to C. helvacosta , C. nana , C. santana and C. rubromarginata sp. nov. in having the aedeagus with a pair of processes arising near the base of the shaft and the apical portion of the shaft without processes ( Fig. 2L–M ). However, the new species is easily separated from these former species by having the apex of the style branched (Fig. K) and the aedeagus with the shaft short, wide and strongly compressed laterally ( Fig. 2L–M ). The crown-face transition being weakly defined ( Fig. 2C ) is similar to in species of Polana DeLong, 1942 ; however, the morphology of the female ovipositor ( Fig. 3D, F ) easily excludes the new species from Polana .

Figures

Fig. 2. Costanana bifida sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (DZUP 215493). A. Head and thorax, dorsal view.B. Head, ventral view. C. Head and thorax, lateral view. D. Forewing. E–M. Male terminalia. E. Sternite VIII, ventral view. F. Valve, anterior view. G. Pygofer, valve and subgenital plate, lateral view. H. Subgenital plate, ventral view. I. connective, dorsal view. J. Style, dorsal view. K. Style, lateral view. L. Aedeagus, lateral view. M. Aedeagus, posterior view. Scale bars in mm.

Fig. 3. Costanana bifida sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (DZUP 215495). A. Apical portion of abdomen, ventral view. B. Apical portion of abdomen, lateral view. C. Sternite VII, ventral view. D. First valvifer and first valvula, lateral view. E. Apical portion of first valvula. F. Second valvulae, lateral view. G. Apical portion of second valvulae. H. Second valvifer and gonoplac, lateral view. I. Apical portion of gonoplac. Scale bars in mm.

Fig. 11. Habitus of new species of Costanana DeLong & Freytag, 1972. Left, dorsal view; right, lateral view. A–B. C. alata sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (DZUP 215484). C–D. C. bifida sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (DZUP 215493). E–F. C. cifi sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (DZUP 215484). G–H. C. luzi sp. nov., holotype ♂ (DZUP 215489). Scale bars in mm.

Fig. 5. Costanana cifi sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (DZUP 215487). A. Apical portion of abdomen, ventral view. B. Apical portion of abdomen, lateral view. C. Sternite VII, ventral view. D. First valvifer and first valvula, lateral view. E. Apical portion of first valvula. F. Second valvulae, lateral view. G. Apical portion of second valvulae. H. Second valvifer and gonoplac, lateral view. I. Apical portion of gonoplac. Scale bars in mm.