Columbella adansoni Menke, 1853

Russini, Valeria, Fassio, Giulia, Modica, Maria Vittoria, deMaintenon, Marta J. & Oliverio, Marco, 2017, An assessment of the genus Columbella Lamarck, 1799 (Gastropoda: Columbellidae) from eastern Atlantic, Zoosystema 39 (2), pp. 197-212 : 204-206

Columbella adansoni Menke, 1853

( Figs 6C, D ; 7 G-H; 8A)

Columbella Adansoni [sic] Menke, 1853: 74, 75.

Columbella rufa Menke, 1853: 75 .

Columbella rustica var. azorica Drouët, 1858: 169 .

Columbella striata var. minor Dautzenberg, 1900: 183 .

TYPE MATERIAL. — Columbella adansoni : lectotype ( Moolenbeek & Hoenselaar 1991) SMF. — Type locality: Cape Verde Islands.

Columbella rufa : lectotype ( Moolenbeek & Hoenselaar, 1991) SMF. — Type locality: Cape Verde Islands.

Columbella rustica var. azorica : unknown ( Moolenbeek & Hoenselaar, 1991). — Type locality: Azores.

Columbella striata var. minor . — Type locality: Ilhéu Branco ( Cape Verde Islands).

DISTRIBUTION. — According to the data presented herein, Columbella adansoni ranges throughout Macaronesia, and is not present in continental African waters.

DIAGNOSIS. — Shell of medium size for the family, 16-25 mm long, biconic/strombiform.

Scale bars: 10 mm; G, H, L, not to scale. * Protoconch of 2.5-2.6 convex whorls, entirely covered by densely spaced microgranules; embryonic shell (protoconch I) of 0.8- 0.9 whorls, and larval shell (protoconch II) of 1.6-1.7 whorls; protoconch-teleoconch boundary marked by a sinusigera scar.

Teleoconch of 7-9 almost straight-sided whorls, penultimate whorl slightly convex, body whorl rounded and inflated, about 2/3 to 3/4 shell length.

Sculpture of nodulose axial ridges on the first whorls, fading after 2-3 whorls, and very weak, irregular spiral striae. Aperture narrow, elongate and sinuous.

Outer lip angulate posteriorly in some, thickened, especially medially, with 13-16 denticles, and rust coloured markings between denticles. Columellar wall with two weak ridges medially; parietal wall with 5-7 denticles anteriorly, and rust coloured markings between. Siphonal canal open.

Colour very variable, with white-whitish background and yellow, orange, brown, grey or black irregular spots, sometimes arranged into axial flames or sinuous bands. Periostracum thin, brown.

Animal yellowish with tawny-orange spots, very dense on propodium, head and mantle; tip of cephalic tentacles white, siphon grey. Radula rachiglossate, with central tooth reduced to a slightly arched plate with no cusps. One pair of massive lateral teeth with a small, basal, outer cusp and a tall, sinuous inner primary cusp with three secondary cusps along the posterior edge: a narrow, pointed distal cusp, a flat central cusp slightly enlarged at the base, and a quadrangular and apically curved basal cusp.

REMARKS

Knudsen (1995) summarized his own ( Knudsen 1950) and Gunnar Thorson’s (unpublished) notes on the egg capsules of C. adansoni from Cape Verde Islands and Canary Islands, respectively. The egg capsules contained 39- 73 eggs, c. 200 µm in diameter, developing into pelagic larvae attaining at metamorphosis 450 µm shell width (1000 µm length).

Seven autapomorphic positions were scored in the COI sequences: 61 [G], 91 [G], 160 [C], 181 [T], 352 [C], 549 [A], 586 [T].

Figures

FIG. 6. — Columbella spp. types: A, B, Columbella rustica (Linnaeus, 1758), syntype of Voluta rustica (LSL.348), Mediterranean (permission of The Linnean Society of London); C, D, Columbela adansoni Menke, 1853, lectotype SMF, Cape Verde (after Moolenbeek & Hoenselaar 1991, figs 1, 2); E-G, Columbella xiphitella Duclos, 1840, lectotype (F, G) and paralectotypes (E) from lot MNHN-IM-2000-9599, Gabon; H-L, Columbella xiphitella, lectotype (H, J, K) and paralectotypes (I, L) of C. nucleus Kiener, 1841 from lot MHNG-MOLL-95502. Symbols:, the selected lectotypes;, the paralectotype with close-up of the protoconch (L).

FIG. 7. — Columbella xiphitella Duclos, 1840 Gabon: A, B, MNHN IM-2000-32498; C, D, MNHN IM-2000-32498; E, F, BAU 1120.7; G, H, paralectotype from lot MNHN-IM-2000-9599. Scale bars: 10 mm.