Discomorpha

Borowiec, Lech, 2006, Four new species of Discomorpha Chevrolat, 1837 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae: Omocerini), with key to Discomorpha s. str., Zootaxa 1357, pp. 45-60 : 54-60

Key to Discomorpha s. str.

(doubtful species D. binotata (Boheman, 1850) , D. colliculus (Boheman, 1850) , D. nigrosanguinea (Wagener, 1877) , and D. tricolor (Herbst, 1799) are not included in the key)

1. Anterior margin of pronotum more or less emarginate or straight. Basal corners of pronotum strongly angulate........................................................................................... 3

- Anterior margin of pronotum in the middle slightly protruding anterad. Basal corners of pronotum form almost straight angle........................................................................ 2

2. Elytra black, across middle of disc with yellow band. Punctation of disc completely irregular, on yellow band coarse and dense, on black part of disc fine and sparse. Brazil: Amazonas and Peru: Chanchomayo ........................................ ganglbaueri (Spaeth)

- Elytra dark metallic green, disc without transverse yellow band. Punctation of disc sparse but coarse, tends to form longitudinal rows. Peru: Pachitea .. sjoestedti (Spaeth)

3. Pronotal sides strongly converging anterad, pronotum appears triangular ................... 4

- Pronotal sides moderately converging anterad, pronotum appears trapezoidal. Dorsum metallic blue, explanate margin of elytra before the middle usually with two short,

transverse red spots, but sometimes with only single spot or completely metallic. Brazil: Amazonas, Pará and French Guyana.......................................... schusteri (Spaeth) 4. Anterior margin of pronotum shallowly emarginate or straight. Elytra with more or less elevated postscutellar tubercle ............................................................................... 5

- Anterior margin of pronotum deeply emarginate. Elytra without postscutellar tubercle. Dorsum dark metallic blue, explanate margin with large red band, occupying almost whole surface of the margin and postero-apical parts of disc, occasionally red band reduced to a small spot in the middle of explanate margin of elytra or whole dorsum metallic, only elytral epipleura in the middle with reddish spot. Argentina: Misiones, Peru: Loreto, Colombia: Huila and Putumayo, and Brazil: Amazonas ......................... ............................................................................................................ waehneri (Spaeth)

5. Inner margin of elytral epipleuron ends almost in apical angle of elytra. Dorsum never metallic ......................................................................................................................... 6

- Inner margin of elytral epipleuron ends distinctly before the apical angle of elytra. Dorsum varies from not to partly or completely metallic, sometimes only elytral dark spots with metallic tint ................................................................................................. 9

6. Basal, glabrous antennal segments short, joined segments 5 and 6 distinctly shorter than segment 7. Elytral punctures not marked with black ............................................ 7

- Basal, glabrous antennal segments long, joined segments 5 and 6 as long as or longer than segment 7. Elytral punctures marked with black .................................................. 8

7. Pronotum yellowish-red. Elytra mostly yellowish red, only margins and few small spots black. Venezuela: Bolivar ........................................................ howdenorum n. sp.

- Pronotum black. Elytra deep red, in basal third and partly behind the postscutellar tubercle black. Colombia................................................................... skalitzkyi (Spaeth)

8. Elytral disc completely black, or in the middle with larger or smaller round, reddish spot, often coalescent with spot on explanate margin. Explanate margin with large reddish spot occupying half length of the margin; anterior margin of the spot truncate or oblique, posterior gradually narrower. Colombia............................ bernhaueri (Spaeth)

- Elytral disc never completely black, along middle with yellowish or reddish stripe marked with black punctures; the stripe varies from broad, occupying almost inner 3/4 width of disc, to narrow, running along each side of suture. Explanate margin yellow to reddish, marked with black punctures, only humeral part, apex, and lateral margin black. Colombia......................................................................... nigrosparsa (Wagener)

9. Dorsum never metallic, pronotum black, elytra black with yellowish to reddish pattern or mostly yellowish or red........................................................................................... 10

- At least pronotum with metallic tint, often elytral spots metallic, or elytra mostly or completely metallic, occasionally whole dorsum black.............................................. 12

10. Elytral disc and explanate margin mostly yellowish to red or with black maculation ... ..................................................................................................................................... 11

- Elytral disc black, explanate margin mostly black with 3 to 5 small yellowish spots, arranged in square figure, inner spots partly reaching to lateral margin of disc. Peru...

.............................................................................................................. hirsuta (Spaeth) 11. Almost whole elytra yellow to reddish with black punctures. Black areolae around punctures sometimes partly overlapping then elytra appears reticulate. Colombia and Ecuador.................................................................................. nigropunctata (Boheman)

- Elytra yellowish to reddish with black maculation forms black spot at base of disc, three small spots in anterolateral part of disc, lateral margin of elytra, three bands across explanate margin of elytra, band along suture in posterior half expanding laterally and joined with black band of explanate margin. Brazil.............. obtusata (Spaeth)

12. Elytral disc with yellowish to red spots, or elytra mostly red, usually with metallic markings occupying not more than half surface of elytra........................................... 13

- Elytral disc never with yellow to red spots, elytra mostly black with metallic tint or intensely metallic, without or with yellow to red markings on explanate margin, sometimes expanded to lateral margins of disc .................................................................. 34

13. Pronotum black with metallic tint or intensely metallic, occasionally with small reddish spots .................................................................................................................... 15

- Pronotum mostly red ................................................................................................... 14

14. Pronotum blood red, disc with two large round, metallic black spots or two elongate spots extending from basal third of disc to anterior margin of disc. Explanate margin of elytra blood red with two or three broad, black, transverse bands. French Guyana, Guyana, and Surinam......................................... variegata (Linnaeus, 1758) , pale form

- Pronotum dark violet red, disc with two small round, metallic black spots. Explanate margin of elytra dark violet red in the middle wit few transverse spots never forming complete transverse bands. Brazil: Mato Grosso ..... davidsoni Borowiec & Dąbrowska

15. Elytral disc mostly reddish with metallic spots, stripes or bands................................ 16

- Elytral disc mostly dark metallic, with yellow or reddish spots ................................. 30

16. Elytra bare ................................................................................................................... 17

- Elytra pubescent .......................................................................................................... 26

17. Postscutellar impressions bordered externally by more or less developed fold.......... 18

- Postscutellar area not bordered externally by a fold. Panama............. winkleri (Spaeth)

18. Explanate margin of elytra red with more or less developed dark spots, sometimes spots form short transverse bands but never extending dark margin of elytra ........... 19

- Explanate margin of elytra red with two or three complete transverse black bands. French Guyana, Guyana, and Surinam............... variegata (Linnaeus, 1758) , dark form

19. Body compact, square in outline, explanate margin of elytra moderately broad in both sexes, length/width ratio in male usually above 1.03, in female above 1.06 ............. 20

- Body broad, transverse in outline, explanate margin of elytra broad, especially in males, length/width ratio in male usually below 1.03, in female below 1.07. Here belong five species, very close and difficult to identify ............................................. 22

20. Elytral humeri moderately broad. Red colour on elytra predominate......................... 21

- Elytral humeri very broad. Metallic pattern on elytra occupies approximately half surface of elytra, beetle appears at first sight metallic. Colombia........... garitana (Spaeth)

21. In posterior half of disc along both sides of suture runs distinct primary elevation, metallic coloured. Colombia........................................................ spectanda (Boheman)

- Elytral disc along sides of suture without primary elevation or it is hardly marked. Slope red coloured or with on to two small metallic spots. Venezuela and Guyana...... ......................................................................................................... depilata (Boheman)

22. Postscutellar impressions mostly red coloured ........................................................... 23

- Postscutellar impressions metallic. Panama and NW Colombia............... salvini (Baly)

23. Body moderately broad, male not appear wider than long. Metallic spots on elytra larger and more dense ................................................................................................ 24

- Body extremely broad, in male appears wider than long. Metallic spots on elytra smaller and sparser. Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, French Guyana, and Surinam.... ............................................................................................ conspersipennis (Boheman)

24. Pronotum without red spots. Border elevations around postscutellar impressions usually on whole length metallic ...................................................................................... 25

- Pronotum at base with red spots. Border elevations around postscutellar impressions in basal third red. Panama................................................................. panamensis (Spaeth)

25. Sides of pronotum from anterior to basal corners almost straight, pronotum appears distinctly triangular. Spots on explanate margin of elytra usually larger, two transverse spots before middle of the margin well developed. Brazil: Amazonas, Pará.................. .................................................................................................. dromedarius (Boheman)

- Sides of pronotum in area close to anterior corners form distinct arch, pronotum appears less triangular. Spots on explanate margin of elytra usually smaller, two spots before middle of the margin absent or short, not distinctly transverse, occasionally complete but thinner than in preceding species. Brazil: Amazonas, Pará ...... moczarskii (Spaeth)

26. Postscutellar impressions metallic .............................................................................. 27

- Postscutellar impressions partly or completely red..................................................... 28

27. Explanate margin of elytra and sides of disc without or with only a few metallic spots. Elytra broader and more converging posterad, especially in female. Peru: Loreto ....... .................................................................................................... putamayoensis sp. nov.

- Explanate margin of elytra and sides of disc with numerous metallic spots. Elytra narrower and less converging posterad, especially in female. Colombia: Huila ................. ........................................................................................................ giganteensis sp. nov.

28. Body compact, square in outline. Red spot on explanate margin immaculate, or with 1–3 spots, none of them tend to form a transverse stripe. Surface of elytral disc behind postscutellar tubercle regular ...................................................................................... 29

- Body broad, transverse in outline, especially in male. Red spot on explanate margin with numerous spots, two before the middle of the margin tend to form transverse stripes. Surface of elytral disc behind postscutellar tubercle slightly irregular, forms more or less distinct reticulation. Colombia, Peru: Loreto, and Trinidad...................... .......................................................................................................... miniata (Boheman)

29. Punctation of elytral disc coarser. Dark lateral margin of elytra narrower, thus red occupies more than half space of explanate margin of elytra. Venezuela...................... ........................................................................................................ mirifica (Boheman)

- Punctation of elytral disc finer. Dark lateral margin of elytra broad, thus red occupies less than half space of explanate margin of elytra. Colombia, Venezuela, and Trinidad........................................................................... languinosa (Boheman) , maculate form

30. Elytra pubescent .......................................................................................................... 31

- Elytra bare ................................................................................................................... 32

31. Explanate margin of elytra with three red transverse bands, disc with 4–5 small, red spots. Bolivia.................................................................................... holdhausi (Spaeth)

- Explanate margin of elytra without three red transverse bands, red usually forms on each elytron one large spot on disc and another one on explanate margin. Colombia.. ......................................................................................................... paganettiii (Spaeth)

32. Elytra on each side with a single large pale spot, occupying both disc and explanate margin. The spot marked with few small, black spots ................................................ 33

- Elytra on each side with two reddish spots, first in central part of disc, second slightly before middle of explanate margin. The spots not marked with small dark spots. Gutemala and Belize....................................................................... bisbiplagiata (Boheman)

33. The pale elytral spots large, their inner margin behind postscutellar tubercle reaching to sutural row of punctures, their anterior margin reaching to the fold connecting lateral costa of postscutellar tubercle with humerus. Brazil: Amazonas, Colombia, and Peru: Loreto ........................................................................................ batesi (Boheman)

- The pale elytral spots moderately large, their inner margin reaching at most to external 2/3 width of disc, their anterior margin not reaching to the fold connecting lateral costa of postscutellar tubercle with humerus. Brazil: Amazonas and Pará, and Trinidad...... ........................................................................................................... ducalis (Boheman)

34. Explanate margin of elytra with pale spot.................................................................. 35

- Explanate margin of elytra without pale spot, elytra uniformly black with metallic tint or intensely metallic .................................................................................................... 44

35. Ventrites black ............................................................................................................. 36

- Ventrites yellowish. Brazil: Pará ..................................................... distgma (Boheman)

36. Explanate margin of elytra with pale spot, occupying not more than 2/3 surface of the margin, or with few pale small spots, or with one or two pale transverse stripes. Elytra varies from bare to pubescent...................................................................................... 37

- Almost whole surface of explanate margin of elytra red including lateral margin of disc, only lateral margin of elytra black. Pale spot without dark markings or before middle with two black trasnsverse stripes. Elytra distinctly pubescent. Peru: Huanuco .......................................................................................................... atahualpai sp. nov.

37. Pronotum bare, or with very short pubescence. Explanate margin of elytra usually with oval or round pale spot occupying at most least half surface of the margin .............. 38

- Pronotum with distinct, long pubescence. Explanate margin of elytra mostly metallic,

in and before middle with small, round spot sometimes divided into few smaller, irregular spots, or two transverse stripes, in extreme case explanate margin completely metallic. Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia.................................. instabilis (Baly) 38. Explanate margin of elytra very broad, in widest part in male as wide as 3/4 width of disc of each elytron, in female distinctly wider than half width of disc of each elytron. Disc of elytra except subhumeral part bare................................................................. 39

- Explanate margin of elytra very broad, in widest part in male at most as wide as 2/3 width of disc of each elytron, in female not wider than half width of disc of each elytron. Whole disc of elytra usually with short, erect pubescence, occasionally bare. ..................................................................................................................................... 40

39. Explanate margin of elytra with large red spot without markings. Northern species: Guatemala, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica............................................. distincta (Baly)

- Explanate margin of elytra with small red spot marked with dark transverse stripe sometimes dived into few very small spots. Southern species: border of Colombia and Brazil.................................................................................................. amazona (Spaeth)

40. Elytral profile behind top of postscutellar tubercle straight........................................ 41

- Elytral profile behind top of postscutellar tubercle more or less concave .................. 42

41. Explanate margin of elytra with single elliptical red spot. Colombia...... breiti (Spaeth)

- Explanate margin of elytra with three red, transverse bands. NW Amazon basin ......... ....................................................................................................... bistriguttata (Spaeth)

42. Elytra with short pubescence....................................................................................... 43

- Elytra bare. Colombia: Meta, Ecuador, and Peru......................... peruviana (Boheman)

43. Punctation of elytral disc extremely coarse, on sides of disc punctures almost touching each other, surface of elytra appears slightly reticulate. Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, and Brazil: Pará ....................................................................... biplagiata (Guerin)

- Punctation of elytral disc moderately coarse, on sides of disc punctures in distance, surface of elytra does not appear reticulate. Colombia............. wingelmuelleri (Spaeth)

44. Body slim, explanate margin of elytra narrow, especially in posterior half. Punctation of elytra extremely coarse, punctures touching each other. Whole dorsum intensely metallic green or cupreous .......................................................................................... 45

- Body stout, explanate margin of elytra broad, in posterior half gradually narrowed posterad. Punctation ef elytra from fine to coarse. Dorsum black with dark metallic, blue or green tint, sometimes almost black ............................................................... 47

45. Elytra bare ................................................................................................................... 46

- Elytra pubescent. Bolivia............................................... carlobrivioi Borowiec et Sassi

46. Postscutellar tubercle low and obtuse. Smaller, body length in male below 11.4 mm, in female below 13.1 mm. Brazil: Pará ........................ santaremi Borowiec et Dąbrowska

- Postscutellar tubercle high and angulate. Larger, body length in male above 12.5 mm, in female above 13.2 mm. Bolivia, Brazil: Mato Grosso, and Peru: Satipo ................... ........................................................................................................... metallica (Guerin)

47. Punctation of elytra coarse or very coarse, surface of disc often appears slightly reticu-

late ............................................................................................................................... 49 - Punctation of elytra moderately coarse, surface of disc never appears reticulate....... 48

48. Punctation of elytral disc finer. Elytral sides more converging posterad, body widest distinctly before half length of elytra. Colombia, Venezuela, and Trinidad.................. .................................................................................. languinosa (Boheman) , dark form

- Punctation of elytral disc coarser. Elytral sides less converging posterad, body widest slightly before half length of elytra. Venezuela.............. mirifica (Boheman) , dark form

49. Pronotum bare or with very short pubescence ............................................................ 50

- Pronotum with distinct, long pubescence. Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia........ ............................................................................................ instabilis (Baly) , dark form

50. Dorsum black with very dark metallic tint, slightly dull. Large, body length usually above 13.5 mm ............................................................................................................ 51

- Dorsum distinctly metallic blue, violet or green, glabrous. Small, body length below 13.0 mm. Probably only immaculate form of D. biplagiata (Guer.) . Brazil: Pará ......... ...................................................................................................... caerulata (Boheman)

51. Metallic tint dark green. Postscutellar tubercle low and obtuse. Ecuador..................... ...................................................................................................... heikertingeri (Spaeth)

- Metallic tint dark blue. Postscutellar tubercle high and angulate. Peru and Bolivia...... ............................................................................................................... pinkeri (Spaeth)