Colinauropus foliosus, Bu, 2020

Bu, Yun, 2020, First record of the family Colinauropodidae (Myriapoda, Pauropoda) in China, with the description of three new species, ZooKeys 947, pp. 53-70 : 53

Colinauropus foliosus sp. nov. Figures 7 , 8 , 9

Material examined.

Holotype, female adult with 9 pairs of legs (slide no. SC-PA2017002), China, Sichuan Province, Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Region, Kangding City, Yala town, 30°06'N, 101°57'E, elev. 3100 m, soil samples from mixed forest, 11-VIII-2017, coll. C.W. Huang. Paratypes, 1 male adult with 9 pairs of legs (slides no. SC-PA2017001) and 1 female adult with 9 pairs of legs (slide no. SC-PA2017003), same data as holotype.

Diagnosis.

Colinauropus foliosus sp. nov. is characterized by the leaf-shaped pubescent setae on head and tergites; tergite I with one large sclerotized plate; tergites II-IV each with 4 large and 4 small plates; tergite V with 4 large and 2 small middle sclerotized plates; tergite VI with 2 large plates; granules on plates ovoid, each inserted with one fine hair; seta st on tergum of pygidium clavate; bothriotrichum T 3 with thick axis and dense tufted pubescence distally.

Description.

Adult body length 1.28 (-1.32) mm (N = 3); body white-yellow in alcohol, sclerotized plates on tergites brown (Fig. 8A ).

Head (Figs 7A , 8D ). Dorsal setae distinctly differentiated, on first and second rows cylindrical to tapering; on third and fourth rows leaf-shaped and with long pubescence; seta a 3 of second row slender and tapering. Relative lengths of setae, 1st row: a 1 = 10, a 2 = 10 (-12); 2nd row: a 1 = 10 (-11), a 2 = (11-) 12, a 3 = 12 (-13); 3rd row: a 1 = (18-) 20, a 2 = 18 (-20); 4th row: a 1 = 13 (-16), a 2 = (15-) 17, a 3 = 20 (-23), a 4 = 16 (-17); lateral group setae l 1 =18 (-24), l 2 = 18 (-23), l 3 = 25(-32); the ratio a 1/ a 1- a 1 in 1st row (1.6-) 1.7, 2nd row (0.7-) 0.8, 3rd row1.0 (-1.1) and 4th row 0.7 (-0.8). Temporal organs oval in dorsal view, their length (0.8-) 0.9 of their shortest distance apart. Pistil present. Head cuticle with coarse granules.

Antennae (Figs 7C , 8B, C ). Antennal segments 1-3 with 2, 2, 3 short cylindrical pubescent setae respectively, and 1 rudimentary seta present on segment 3. Antennal segment 4 with 4 tapering setae and a short, rudimentary u; relative lengths of setae: p = 10, p ' = 7 (-8), p' ’’ = (6-) 7, r = 5 (-6), u = 1; tergal seta p (0.9 of -) 1.0 times as long as tergal branch t; the latter cylindrical, 1.8 (-2.0) times as long as its greatest diameter and 0.7 (-0.9) of sternal branch s, which itself about 2.0 times as long as its greatest diameter. Seta q cylindrical, annulate, 0.8 (-1.0 times as long as) of s. Relative lengths of flagella (base segments included) and base segments: F 1 = 100, bs 1 = 8 (-11); F 2= (35-) 42, bs 2 = (4-) 5; F 3 = (78-) 93, bs 3 = 7 (-9). F 1 (5.8-) 8.6 times as long as t, F 2 and F 3 2.0 (-2.1) and 4.4 (-4.8) times as long as s respectively. Distal calyces spherical; apex of flagella fusiform, on F 1 and F 3 with a short lateral flap. Globulus g 1.7 times as long as wide; about 12 bracts, capsule spherical; width of g (0.4-) 0.6 of the greatest diameter of t. Antennal cuticle granulated.

Trunk. Setae on collum segment cylindrical, annulate; sublateral setae length 22 (-34) μm, (1.4-) 1.7 times as long as submedian setae; sternite process triangular, furcate and granulated; appendages tapering (Fig. 8E ). Tergite I with 4+4 leaf-shaped setae (22-27 μm) and 1 large sclerotized plate (Fig. 8F ); Tergites II-IV each with 6+6 setae (18-40 μm), 4 large and 4 small sclerotized plates (Figs 7B , 8G-I ); Tergite V with 6+6 slender setae (20-40 μm), 4 large and 2 small sclerotized plates, posterior plates square (Figs 8J , 9A ); Tergite VI with 4+2 setae and 2 large plates (Fig. 8K ), posterior setae 35 μm long, their mutual distance 24 (-26) μm (Fig. 8K ). Sockets of some setae on tergites and bothriotricha with distinct thickened cuticle surrounded (Figs 7B, D, E , 8F-J ). Sclerotized plates with ovoid, brown granules, diameter 1.5-5.0 μm and each with one long curved hair (Figs 7B , 9A ). Cuticle granulated or pubescent.

Male genital papillae (Fig. 9E ) glabrous, subuliform, 1.5 times as long as greatest diameter; seta 0.5 of the length of papilla. Seta on coxa of leg 2 in male with two adjacent setae (only 1 thick setae in female, 20-25 μm), both cylindrical and annulate, one thick and short, 17 μm in length, another slender and longer, 20 μm in length (Fig. 9E ).

Bothriotricha . Relative lengths: T 1 = 100, T 2 = (110-) 100, T 3 = (95-) 105, T 4 =114 (-120), T 5 = (115-) 120. T 1, T 2, T 4 and T 5 thin, long, with short erect pubescence on axes (Fig. 7E ). T 3 cylindrical, with thicker axis and dense tufted pubescence in distal 2/3 part (Fig. 7D ).

Legs. First and last pair of legs 5-segmented, others 6-segmented (Fig. 9C, D ). Setae on coxa and trochanter of legs 1-8 cylindrical, annulate (Fig. 9B ), length 23 (-26) μm and 23 (-27) μm respectively. Seta on coxa of leg 9 cylindrical, annulate, length 22 (-25) μm (Fig. 9D ). Seta on trochanter of leg 9 furcate, with subcylindrical, annulate, blunt branches, shorter branch about 0.5 of longer one (Fig. 9D ). Tarsi 1-8 with short, annulate distal seta (6-8 μm) only (Fig. 9C ). Tarsus of leg 9 tapering, 48 (-55) μm in length, 3.7 (-4.2) times as long as its greatest diameter (Fig. 9F ), proximal seta slender, pointed, pubescent, 12 (-15) μm in length; distal one cylindrical, annulate, 6 (-8) μm in length, about 0.1 of the tarsal length. Cuticle of tarsus pubescent.

Pygidium. Tergum. Posterior margin straight. Relative lengths of setae: a 1 = 10, a 2 = (8-) 9, a 3 = (12-) 16, st = (7-) 9. Setae a 1 cylindrical, pubescent; a 2 and a 3 slender and pubescent (Figs 7F , 8K ); st clavate, pubescent (Fig. 7G ). Distance a 1- a 1 (0.6-) 0.8 of a 1; distance a 1- a 2 2.0 (-2.5) times as long as a 2- a 3; distance st - st (1.5-) 1.6 times as long as st and (1.7-) 2.0 times as long as distance a 1- a 1.

Sternum (Figs 7G , 8L ). Posterior margin straight between b 1. Relative lengths of setae (a 1 =10): b 1 = (25-) 29, b 2 =14 (-15). Seta b 1 cylindrical, thick, annulate; b 2 tapering, short, pubescent. Distance b 1- b 1 (0.7-) 0.8 of length of b 1; distance b 1- b 2 (0.6-) 0.7 of b 2.

Anal plate round, glabrous, 1.5 times longer than broad, lateral margins bulged in middle part, posterior part divided into two round, pubescent branches, two tiny lobes present at inner side (Figs 7G , 8L ).

Etymology.

The species name " foliosus " from the Latin “foliose”, leaf-shaped, referring to the leaf-shaped setae on head and tergites.

Distribution.

China (Sichuan). Only known from the type locality.

Remarks.

Colinauropus foliosus sp. nov. differs from all other congeners by having 6 sclerotized plates on tergite V, and the posterior two square-shaped, compared with 4 or 8 irregular plates in congeners. It is similar to C. regis Remy, 1956 in the leaf-shaped setae on tergites, but they can be easily distinguished by the number of sclerotized plates on tergite I and II (1 and 8 in C. foliosus sp. nov. vs. 2 and 6 in C. regis ), shape of the setae in the posterior two rows of the head (leaf-shaped in C. foliosus sp. nov. vs. cylindrical in C. regis ), and the shape of anal plate (with two round posterior branches in C. foliosus sp. nov. vs. with two clavate appendages in C. regis ).

Figures

Figure 7. Colinauropus foliosus sp. nov. A head, dorsal view, left side B tergite II, right side C right antenna, tergal view D T 3 E T 5 F tergum of pygidium G sternum of pygidium and anal plate. Scale bars: 20 μm.

Figure 8. Colinauropus foliosus sp. nov. A habitus, tergal view B terminal part of F 1 C sternal branch of left antenna, show F 2, F 3 and globulus D head, dorsal view E collum segment, sternal view F tergite I G tergite II H tergite III I tergite IV J tergite V K tergite VI and tergum of pygidium L sternum of pygidium and anal plate. Scale bars: 100 μm (A); 20 μm (B-K).

Figure 9. Colinauropus foliosus sp. nov. A posterior plate on tergite V, left side B coxa and trochanter of leg 1 C leg 8 D leg 9 E male genital papillae and coxa of leg 2 F tarsus of leg 9. Scale bars: 20 μm.