Cochlostoma (T.) sospes ( Paulucci, 1879 )

Zallot, Enrico, Kamchev, Panche, Schilthuizen, Menno, Fehér, Zoltán, Mattia, Willy De & Gittenberger, Edmund, 2024, Cochlostoma Jan, 1830 revised: an overview of the subgenus Turritus Westerlund, 1883 and its species (Caenogastropoda, Cochlostomatidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 927, pp. 1-163 : 74-80

Cochlostoma (T.) sospes ( Paulucci, 1879)

Figs 55 (orange dots), 56A–C, 62–64

Pomatias sospes Westerlund in Paulucci, 1879a: 21.

Syntypes

ITALY • probably 2 ♀♀ and 2 ♂♂; “ Pomatias sospes, Westerl., Livignano a Mosceta”; MZUF GC/9836 .

Other specimens

ITALY • 1- Verso Foce Mosceta (topotypical); 44.0255° N, 10.303° E; 2015; Scarlassara leg.; Scarlassara-82 • 2- Vagli ; 44.1102° N, 10.2894° E; 2009; Margelli leg.; EZ0091 • 3- Val Serenaia ; 44.1339° N, 10.1973° E; 2009; Pocaterra leg.; EZ0784 • 4- Val Serenaia ; 44.1289° N, 10.2029° E; 2015; Scarlassara leg.; Scarlassara-59 • 5- Foce Cardeto ; 44.1219° N, 10.2161° E; 2015; Scarlassara leg.; Scarlassara-61 • 6- Turrite Secca 2; 44.063° N, 10.2218° E; 2015; Scarlassara leg.; Scarlassara-72 • 7- Turrite Secca 4; 44.0481° N, 10.2624° E; 2015; Scarlassara leg.; Scarlassara-78 • 8- 1.3 km S– SW of Gorfigliano ; 44.1459° N, 10.2483° E; 2021; Cianfanelli, Bodon, Calcagno and Vezzali leg.; MZUF-65312 .

Type locality

ITALY • Levigliani, Lucca, Toscana, Italy (“Livignano a Mosceta” on the label of MZUF GC/9836).

Description

SHELL. Moderately spaced riblets on last part of protoconch. Teleoconch spotless with peculiar reddishyellowish hue (not evident in preserved syntypes). Very regular ribbing with quite closely spaced ribs slightly weaker approaching aperture. Weak lip with gently inwardly curved columellar lobe covering more or less completely umbilicus.

MEASUREMENTS. 17 ♀♀: whorls= 7.1–9.1, H = 6.9–9.2 mm, H/W=2.5–3, roundness =0.14–0.19, ribs incl.= 55.8–67.5°, apert. incl.= 13.4–28.4°, ribs/mm 1 st wh.= 8–16, ribs/mm 4 th wh.=7–16.

FEMALE GENITAL ORGANS. As in species C. (T.) elongatum .

Remarks

Cianfanelli et al. (2023) noted that a paper by Paulucci (1879a), containing the description of this taxon, was published “before April 23 1879 ” and the one of Westerlund (1879) in which he redescribed the species on July 1 1879. Thus, it has to be reported as C. (T.) sospes (Westerlund in Paulucci, 1879).

It was described as a shell “lutescenti-ferruginea, subopaca, dense oblique striata [dull reddish-brown, with inclined, narrowly spaced ribs]”.

Additional note to clade B

One (although not supported: PP=62; BS =64/76) subclade includes two branches with C. (T.) sardoum ( Westerlund, 1890) on one side and a new species on the other, inhabiting the Karawanken Alps in Austria and Slovenia. Four other samples, part of this branch, come from the southern part of the Balkans ( Montenegro, Kosovo and Albania). Because of insufficient data, they are reported in the Appendix as NFS018, NFS108, NFS128, NFS143.

Cochlostoma (Turritus) sardoum ( Westerlund, 1890)

Figs 65 (cyan dots), 66A–B, 67–68

Pomatias (Auritus) sardous Westerlund, 1890: 96–97 (Sardinia, Dorgali, Maltz. Ex.).

Types

Not seen.

Other specimens

ITALY • Dorgali (Topotypical); 40.2575° N, 9.6209° E; 1984; RMNH leg.; RMNH-117455 • Capo Caccia ; 40.5666° N, 8.1640° E; 2007; De Mattia leg.; WdM-6155 • Cala Fuili ; 40.2630° N, 9.62690° E; 2009; Margelli leg.; EZ0577 • Ispingoli ; 40.1769° N, 9.5273° E; 2007; De Mattia leg.; WdM-6141 .

Type locality

ITALY • Sardegna, Nuoro, Dorgali.

Description

SHELL. Closely spaced riblets on last part of protoconch. Teleoconch with two lines of more or less visible reddish spots on whorls. Regular, strong and often whitish ribs becoming very weak approaching aperture. Relatively strong lip with gently inwardly curved columellar lobe covering umbilicus. Whorls on average less rounded that in other species of Turritus .

MEASUREMENTS. 7 ♀♀: whorls =7.2–8.3, H = 7.9–9.7 mm, H/W=2.51–2.78, roundness=0.09–0.13, ribs incl.= 61–68°, apert. incl.= 15–18°, ribs/mm 1 st wh.= 5–15, ribs/mm 4 th wh.=6–11.

FEMALE GENITAL ORGANS. Ventral connection of pedunculus of bursa copulatrix. Elongated seminal receptacle reaching dorsal side of body. Junction of uterus gland moderately far from connection between pedunculus and distal oviduct.

Remarks

Our specimens come either from the west or the east coast of Sardinia, but the species has been also found in the center of the island (see https://www.naturamediterraneo.com/forum/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=26893; TOPIC_ID = 81053). The areas of the island with a limestone substrate are limited to the central east and northwest coasts and some limited areas south of the Gennargentu Mountains. The p-distance between the sample from the east (Cala Fuili) and northeast coast (Capo Caccia) is 0.5%.

Figures

Fig. 55. Distribution of samples of the Apuane Alps part of clade B: red dots= Cochlostoma (T.) elongatum (Paulucci, 1879); green dots =C. (T.) montanum (Issel, 1866); orange dots =C. (T.) sospes (Westerlund in Paulucci, 1879). The samples with amplified 16S are marked with a black center.

Fig. 65. Distribution of samples of clade B part of the same branch: cyan =Cochlostoma (T.) sardoum (Westerlund, 1890); yellow =C. (T.) lacazei sp. nov. Black center for the samples with amplified 16S.