Clubiona zhigangi Yu & Li, 2021

Zhang, Jianshuang, Yu, Hao & Li, Shuqiang, 2021, Taxonomic studies on the sac spider genus Clubiona (Araneae, Clubionidae) from Xishuangbanna Rainforest, China, ZooKeys 1034, pp. 1-163 : 1

Clubiona zhigangi Yu & Li sp. nov. Figs 25 , 26 , 53D , 63D , 73F , 81F , 89F

Holotype

♂ (IZCAS-Ar 34756, YHCLU0185), China: Yunnan Province: Xishuangbanna: Mengla County: Menga Town: XTBG, secondary tropical forest, 21°53.634'N, 101°17.172'E, ca. 620 m, 28. IV.2019, Z.G. Chen et al. leg. Paratype: 1♀ (IZCAS-Ar 34757), XTBG, secondary tropical seasonal moist forest, 21°54.718'N, 101°16.940'E, ca. 645 m, 27. VII.2007, G. Zheng leg. Other material examined. 1♀ (YHCLU0138), China: Yunnan Province: Xishuangbanna: Mengla County: Menga Town: XTBG, Paramichelia baillonii Clubiona plantation , 21°53.823'N, 101°17.072'E, ca. 613 m, 15. IV.2007, G. Zheng leg.

Etymology.

The specific name is a patronym after Zhigang Chen (Beijing City, China), collector of several specimens used in this study.

Diagnosis.

Males of C. zhigangi sp. nov. resemble those of C. subrama ( Yu and Li 2019a: 153, fig. 3A-E; Figs 53C , 63C ) in having similar retrolateral and ventral tibial apophyses and a slender embolus but differ by: (1) a thicker embolus, with a sinuate apex (Figs 25A-E , 53D , 63D ) (vs. filiform embolus, thinner, embolar tip not curved; Figs 53C , 63C ); (2) short conductor, ca. 1/5 of tegulum length, with a blunt tip (Fig. 25C-E ) (vs. conductor long, not less than 1/3 of tegulum length, with a sharp tip; Fig. 53C ). Females also resemble those of C. subrama in having an anteriorly cordiform and posteriorly elongate, narrowed atrium and the general shape of the endogyne but can be distinguished from the latter by the distinctly shorter copulatory ducts not convoluted (Figs 26C, D , 89F ) (vs. long copulatory ducts strongly entwined, moving longitudinally and expanding obliquely 2 ×, respectively, forming two horizontal loops; Fig. 89E ).

Description.

Male. Holotype (Fig. 26E, F ). Total length 5.91; carapace 2.85 long, 2.17 wide; opisthosoma 3.06 long, 1.88 wide. Carapace brown, darker in the front, without distinct pattern, fovea red; cephalic region distinctly narrowed, cervical groove and radial grooves indistinct; tegument smooth, clothed with short, fine setae. Eyes: AER slightly recurved, PER wider than AER and slightly procurved in dorsal view. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.13, ALE 0.12, PME 0.14, PLE 0.11, AME-AME 0.19, AME-ALE 0.13, PME-PME 0.30, PME-PLE 0.24, MOQL 0.36, MOQA 0.32, MOQP 0.53. Chelicerae robust, red wine coloured, with three promarginal and two retromarginal teeth. Sternum pale brown, 1.64 long, 1.02 wide. Labium and endites coloured as carapace. All legs missing. Abdomen elongate, oval, dorsal scutum trapezoidal, lightly sclerotised, with a thick tuft of setae anteriorly; dorsum brown, with dense setae, with a pair of muscle depressions located at central part of dorsal scutum; venter grey.

Palp (Figs 25A-E , 53D , 63D ). Femur and patella unmodified. Tibia short, ca. 1/2 of cymbium length, with 2 apophyses: a large, semi-circular ventral one, ca. 1/3 of palpal tibia length, and a relatively small, claw-shaped retrolateral apophysis. Tegulum elongate, oval, 1.9 × longer than wide; bulb strongly bulging and prolapsed, sperm duct indistinct in ventral view. Embolus slender, originating from prolateral side of tegulum, ca. 1/2 of tegulum length, tip sinuate and extending above the apex of the cymbium. Conductor short, membranous, ca. 1/3 of the embolus length, originating from retrolateral side of tegulum, with basal torsion and a distal finger-like point, tip hidden behind embolus.

Female. Paratype (Fig. 26G, H ). Total length 8.51; carapace 3.56 long, 2.48 wide; opisthosoma 4.95 long, 3.05 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.16, ALE 0.19, PME 0.15, PLE 0.15, AME-AME 0.12, AME-ALE 0.11, PME-PME 0.35, PME-PLE 0.28, MOQL 0.36, MOQA 0.46, MOQP 0.65. Sternum 1.88 long, 1.14 wide. Leg measurements: I 5.99 (1.17, 2.33, 1.13, 0.74), II 6.74 (1.99, 2.67, 1.29, 0.79), III 5.89 (1.74, 2.11, 1.51, 0.54), IV 8.05 (2.31, 2.82, 2.30, 0.62). Distinctly larger and darker than male, other characters as in male.

Epigyne (Figs 26A-E , 73F , 81F , 89F ). Epigynal plate slightly wider than long, spermathecae indistinctly visible and bursae prominently visible through integument in ventral view. Atrium small and elongate, narrow, ca. 1/2 × epigyne length and 1/7 × epigyne width, atrial anterior margin M-shaped, posterior margin not delimited. Copulatory openings small, located on anterolateral margin of atrium. Copulatory ducts directed laterally then ascending obliquely, connecting to spermathecae at central axis of the vulva. Spermathecae tubular, long and sinuous, strongly twisted. Fertilisation ducts acicular, curved, located terminally on spermathecae. Bursae reniform, large, close together, ca. 1.5 × longer than wide, surface translucent and wrinkled.

Distribution.

Known only from the type locality, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China.

Figures

Figure 25. Male palp of the holotype of Clubiona zhigangi sp. nov. A prolateral view B retrolateral view C bulb, prolateral view D bulb, ventral view E bulb, retrolateral view. Abbreviations: C = conductor; E = embolus; EB = embolar base; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; VTA = ventral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (equal for A, B, equal for C-E).

Figure 26. Clubiona zhigangi sp. nov., female paratype and male holotype, epigyne (A-D), male habitus (E, F) and female habitus (G, H) A intact, ventral view B cleared, ventral view C cleared, dorsal view D cleared, dorsal view E dorsal view F lateral view G dorsal view H ventral view. Abbreviations: A = atrium; BS = bursa; CD = copulatory duct; CO = copulatory opening; FD = fertilisation duct; SP = spermatheca; SH = spermathecal head. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (equal for A-D); 2 mm (equal for E, F, equal for G, H).

Figure 53. Clubiona spp. of the C. corticalis group, male palp, ventral view A C. cochlearis B C. rama C C. subrama D C. zhigangi sp. nov., holotype. Abbreviations: C = conductor; E = embolus. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

Figure 63. Clubiona spp. of the C. corticalis group, male palp, retrolateral view A C. cochlearis B C. rama C C. subrama D C. zhigangi sp. nov., holotype. Abbreviations: C = conductor; E = embolus; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; VTA = ventral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

Figure 73. Clubiona spp. of the C. corticalis group, epigyne, intact, ventral view A C. cochlearis B C. dengpao sp. nov., holotype C C. yejiei sp. nov., holotype D C. tixing sp. nov., holotype E C. subrama F C. zhigangi sp. nov., paratype. Abbreviations: A = atrium; AM = atrial membrane; CO = copulatory opening. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

Figure 81. Clubiona spp. of the C. corticalis group, epigyne, cleared, ventral view A C. cochlearis B C. dengpao sp. nov., holotype C C. yejiei sp. nov., holotype D C. tixing sp. nov., holotype E C. subrama F C. zhigangi sp. nov., paratype. Abbreviations: A = atrium; AM = atrial membrane; CO = copulatory opening. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

Figure 89. Clubiona spp. of the C. corticalis group, vulva, cleared dorsal view A C. cochlearis B C. dengpao sp. nov., holotype C C. yejiei sp. nov., holotype D C. tixing sp. nov., holotype E C. subrama F C. zhigangi sp. nov., paratype. Abbreviations: BS = bursa; CD = copulatory duct; FD = fertilisation duct; SH = spermathecal head; SP = spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.