Cigclisula perforata, Almeida & Souza & Menegola & Sanner & Vieira, 2014

Almeida, Ana C. S., Souza, Facelucia B. C., Menegola, Carla M. S., Sanner, Joann & Vieira, Leandro M., 2014, Taxonomic review of the family Colatooeciidae Winston, 2005 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata), with description of seven new species, Zootaxa 3868 (1), pp. 1-61 : 32-33

Cigclisula perforata n. sp.

( Fig. 17 , Table 4 )

Trematooecia hexagonalis: Cheetham et al. 1999: 177 . [Atlantic coast of Panama]

Not Holoporella hexagonalis Canu & Bassler, 1930a: 38 , pl. 7, fig. 1. [Galápagos Islands] Material examined. Holotype: USNM 603764 , ‘ Trematooecia hexagonalis’ , Recent, Atlantic coast of Panama . Paratypes: USNM 603765 , ‘ Trematooecia hexagonalis’ , Recent, Atlantic coast of Panama ; USNM 603766 , ‘ Trematooecia turrita’ , Plio – Pleistocene, Bocas del Toro Group, Isla Colon, Panama .

Diagnosis. Encrusting, zooids with small pseudopores c. 0.006 –0.018 mm diameter; primary orifice subcircular, only a little longer than wide, with triangular incurved condyles; ectooecium with longitudinal band of 27–80 irregular pseudopores.

Etymology. Latin perforatus, perforated, alluding to the numerous ovicellar pseudopores.

Description. Colony encrusting, uni- to multilaminar. Zooids hexagonal, becoming polygonal with growth, longer than wide, limited by distinct grooves. Frontal shield heavily calcified, irregularly punctured by 30–47 small (0.006 –0.018 mm diameter) pseudopores, smooth. Primary orifice large relative to frontal shield, centered, subcircular, only a little longer than wide, sunken, with arcuate anter and deeply concave poster with shallow median sinus, 2 incurved condyles set about one third orifice length. Secondary orifice surrounded by 4–5 (usually 4) solid tubercles. Suboral avicularium absent. Frontal avicularia small, elliptical, single (rarely 2), at proximal margin of zooid. Ooecium moderately prominent, inclined to zooid surface, sometimes bearing tubercles; ectooecium with longitudinal band of 27–80 irregular pseudopores.

Remarks. This species was previously attributed to Trematooecia hexagonalis Cheetham et al. (1999) . Like Cigclisula perforata n. sp., T. hexagonalis has encrusting colonies with hexagonal to polygonal zooids, but they are readily distinguished by the details of the ooecium (ectooecium with slit-like membranous window in T. hexagonalis , irregular pseudopores in C. perforata n. sp.). Additional species of Cigclisula with encrusting colonies and tubercles around the secondary orifice are C. porosa , C. psammophila , C. turrita and C. winstonae n. sp. Cigclisula perforata n. sp. is distinguished from C. porosa by the distribution and diameter of frontal pseudopores (regularly spaced and large, 0.015 –0.032 mm diameter in C. porosa ; mainly marginal and small, about 0.008 – 0.0019 mm diameter in C. perforata n. sp.) and presence of tubercles around the secondary orifice (absent in C. porosa and present in C. perforata n. sp.). Cigclisula psammophila differs in its small zooids, immersed ovicells and in the absence of avicularia. Cigclisula turrita differs from C. perforata n. sp. in having interzooidal avicularia and ooecia with 25–38 ectooecial pseudopores. In C. winstonae n. sp. the ooecium is readily distinguished from those of C. perforata n. sp. in having 3–9 large ectooecial pseudopores.

Distribution. Plio/Pleistocene ( Isla Colon, Caribbean) to Recent (Atlantic: Panama).

Figures

FIGURE 17. Cigclisula perforata n. sp. A, C, USNM 603764, holotype, Panama; B, D, USNM 603765, paratype, Panama. A, zooids at growing edge of colony. B, primary orifice. C, group of zooids, some ovicelled. D, ovicelled zooids and tiny elliptical frontal avicularia. Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B = 100 µm; C = 500 µm; D = 200 µm.