Chthamalus newmani, Benny K. K. Chan & H. -N. Chen & P. R. Dando & A. J. Southward & E. C. Southward, 2016

Benny K. K. Chan, H. - N. Chen, P. R. Dando, A. J. Southward & E. C. Southward, 2016, Biodiversity and Biogeography of Chthamalid Barnacles from the North-Eastern Pacific (Crustacea Cirripedia), PLoS ONE 11 (3), pp. 1-51 : 21-24

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.1371/journal.pone.0149556
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4426656
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D887BE-631F-8412-C779-49FC0DCAFA4F
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Chthamalus newmani
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Chthamalus newmani sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:37C27151-25BE-4F94-AABD-6F06FEF8C7B2

Figs 2D, 2E and 2F View Fig2 and 12–17 View Fig12 View Fig13 View Fig14 View Fig15 View Fig16 View Fig17

FB Chthamalus fissus .—Hedgecock, 1979: 210, Table 3 View Table3 [ 5]

Chthamalus southwardorum B (in Table, not in text).—Wares et al., 2009: Table 2 View Table2 . [ 14]

Chthamalus southwardorum “Farfan” form.—Meyers et a l., 2013: 77, fig 2. [ 11]

Specimens examined. holotype, NHMUK 2016. 9 (= AJS 1970 ) 1 specimen from rock ledges, Balboa Statue , Panama City, Panama , 1970; paratypes, NHMUK 2016.10, 2016.11, 2016.12, 2016.13, 2016.14. 5 specimens, same data as holotype. ASIZCR-000334, 0 0 0 335, 0 0 0 336, 0 0 0 341. 4 specimens, same data as holotype; other materials, TEPE78-1, 20 specimens, intertidal rocks, Farfan Beach, Farfan Point, Panama, 8° 56.4' N, 79° 34.1' W, 30 Mar 1978.

PWG1, 6 specimens, intertidal rock, 200 m N of Naos Island on the west side of Avenida Amador, 8° 54.63' N, 79° 31.74' W, 3 Feb 1979.

Diagnosis. Chthamalus with cirrus I having bidenticulate setae with or without basal guards on the distal segment of the posterior ramus and cirrus II having bidenticulate setae with basal guards on the distalmost two or three segments of the posterior ramus and two distalmost segments of the anterior ramus. External surface of tergum without tergal furrow. Tergoscutal flaps brown when alive. COI sequence (Gene Bank Numbers: KU356709 View Materials — KU356722 View Materials ).

Description. The hard parts were described mainly based on the holotype, supplemented with information from paratypes. Shell depressed, white to pale brown, composed of six plates, radii absent. Orifice elliptical ( Fig 2D, 2E and 2F View Fig2 ). Inside of shell white to pale brown. Scutum and tergum symmetrical, with tergoscutal flaps brown in colour when alive ( Fig 2D, 2E and 2F View Fig2 ), dull brown when preserved in formalin or ethanol. Scutum triangular, outer surface of scutum with upper part eroded, with growth lines as striation patterns on the lower basal region.

Inner side of scutum white, tergal margin with wide articular ridge and deep articular furrow. Basal margin slightly convex, lateral muscle scar present as 1 or 2 pits. Occludent margin straight without dentations, adductor muscle scar oval and deep ( Fig 12 View Fig12 ). Tergum narrow, height of tergum about 1.5 times greater than the width, tergal margin about 0.6 of the length of the basal margin ( Fig 12 View Fig12 ). External surface eroded with growth lines visible near the basal margin, inner side white and smooth, scutal margin strongly concave, carinal margin convex, basal margin with 4 rostral depressor muscle crests. Spur wide and bluntly convex ( Fig 12 View Fig12 ).

Segment counts on cirri I-III were based on five specimens collected from rock ledges, Balboa Statue , Panama City, Panama (AJS-1970) ( Table 4 View Table4 ). Segment counts on cirri IV-VI were based on the holotype. Cirrus I: posterior ramus with 6 or 7 segments, anterior ramus with 8 or 9 segments ( Fig 13A View Fig13 ). Distalmost segment of posterior ramus with 1–2 bidenticulate setae with or without basal guards ( Figs 13B View Fig13 , 15A and 15C View Fig15 ). Serrulate setae dominate on both rami ( Fig 15A–15F View Fig15 ). Basipod of cirrus I with pappose setae ( Fig 15G View Fig15 ). Cirrus II: posterior ramus with 5 to 7 segments, anterior ramus with 7 or 8 segments ( Fig 13C View Fig13 ) ( Table 4 View Table4 ), posterior ramus with bidenticulate setae with basal guards on the three distalmost segments ( Fig 13D View Fig13 ), anterior ramus with bidenticulate setae with basal guards on the two distalmost segments ( Fig 13E View Fig13 ). The number of basal guards on the bidenticulate setae ranges from 1–2 on different specimens ( Fig 15H–15P View Fig15 ). Serrulate setae are dominant on both rami ( Fig 15R–15Q View Fig15 ). Basipod with pappose setae. Cirrus III: anterior ramus about equal to posterior ramus, posterior ramus 17 to 19 segments, anterior ramus 18 to 23 segments ( Fig 13G View Fig13 , Table 4 View Table4 ). Intermediate segments of cirrus III with 3 pairs of long setae and 2 pairs of short setae ( Fig 13H View Fig13 ). Cirrus IV: anterior and posterior rami similar in length, anterior ramus 23 segments, posterior ramus 20 segments ( Fig 14A View Fig14 ) intermediate segments of anterior ramus with 3 pairs of long serrulate setae and 2 pairs of short simple setae ( Fig 14B View Fig14 ). Cirrus V: anterior and posterior rami similar in length, anterior ramus 21 segments, posterior ramus 20 segments ( Fig 14C View Fig14 ), intermediate segments of both rami with 3 pairs of long serrulate setae and 2 pairs of short simple setae ( Fig 14D View Fig14 ). Cirrus VI: anterior and posterior rami similar in length, anterior ramus 25 segments, posterior ramus 26 segments ( Fig 14E View Fig14 ), intermediate segments of both anterior and posterior rami with 3 pairs of long serrulate and 2 pairs of short simple setae ( Fig 14F View Fig14 ). Basipodite ( Fig 14G View Fig14 ) and tip of cirrus VI with serrulate setae ( Fig 14H View Fig14 ).

Maxilla, two lobes are separated by a notch without setae, serrulate setae on both lobes ( Figs 16A View Fig16 and 17A–17C View Fig17 ). Maxillule cutting margin notched, with two large setae above notch, five setae below notch, inferior angle protuberant, with dense setae ( Figs 16B View Fig16 , 17D and 17E View Fig17 ). Mandible has 4 major teeth, first tooth separated from the remainder, the third and fourth teeth bidentate, pecten with 14 very small teeth, inferior angle tipped with a pair of pointed teeth ( Figs 16D and 16E View Fig16 and 17G–17K View Fig17 ). Mandibular palp rectangular, superior margin with dense serrulate setae, inferior margin with long serrulate setae ( Figs 16F View Fig16 and 17L, 17M and 17N View Fig17 ). Labrum concave, with six teeth on each side of the cutting margin, central part of notch with dense setae ( Figs 16G and 16H View Fig16 and 17P and 17Q View Fig17 ).

Penis without basi-dorsal point.

Distribution. Found on the Pacific coast of Central America from 13° 55' N, 90° 47' W to 8°51' N, 79° 44' W (range further south unknown).

Etymology. Named (by BKKC) in honour of Prof. William Newman, for his extensive contributions in barnacle taxonomy and his leadership of the TEP Expedition (see Southward [ 32]).

Remarks. Hedgecock [ 5] collected specimens which he designated “FB Chthamalus fissus ” from Farfan Beach, Panama and found identical specimens at Isle del Tigre, Golfo de Fonseca. Using allozyme electrophoresis, he showed these to be a separate species from C. fissus of California and the species collected at Isla Sacrificios and Chamela Bay. Specimens from the Farfan Beach collection of Hedgecock were examined by electrophoresis and by morphology in the present study and found to be C. newmani .