Carriola witti, Shovkoon & Trofimova, 2024

Shovkoon, Dmitry F. & Trofimova, Tatyana A., 2024, Review of the genus Carriola Swinhoe, 1922 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Lymantriinae), with descriptions of four new species, Nota Lepidopterologica 47, pp. 57-79 : 57

Carriola witti sp. nov.

Figs 12 , 21 , 30 , 39 , 47

Material examined.

Holotype: Malaysia: Borneo • 1 ♂; Borneo, Sabah, Trus Madi , 1200 m. 1.-14.iv.2005, leg. Martini (GU 25.852); ZSM.

Paratypes [40 ♂, 28 ♀]: Malaysia: Borneo • 1 ♀ ; Sabah, Mount Trus Madi , 1200 m. 1.-14.iv.2005, leg. Martini; ZSM • 4 ♂, 4 ♀ ; Mount Trus Madi Hoehe , 1150 m, 9.-14.iv.1996, leg. Martini; ZSM • 2 ♀ ; Sabah, Mount Trus Madi , 1200 m, III.2004, leg. Martini; ZSM • 8 ♂, 8 ♀ ; Mount Trus Madi , 1150-1200 m, 1.-7.iv.1997, leg. B. & K. Martini; ZSM • 3 ♂, 2 ♀ ; Sabah, Mt. Trus Madi , 1150 m, 20.iii.-18.iv.2005, leg. B. & K. Martini.; SSU • 1 ♂, 3 ♀ ; Sabah, Mt. Trus Madi, bei Apin Apin , 1450 m, iii.1998, leg. B. & C. Martini; ZSM • 1 ♀ ; Sabah, Mt. Trus Madi, Apin Apin , 950 m, 17.iv.1993, leg. Martini.; (GU 25.853); ZSM • 3 ♂ ; Kalimantan Selatan , 30 km E. Kandangan, Rainforest, 15 km NE of Loksado, 1100 m, 2°52'N, 115°38'E, 3.-22.ix.1997, leg. Jakl; ZSM • 1 ♂ ; Tambunan , 5°40'86"N, 116°'22'52"E, 22.vii.2007. A. Pashenkov; ZISP .

Philippines: Palawan Island • 4 ♂ ; Palawan, E of Tarusan Sandobal, Gangob limestone hill forest, 10 m, 08°27.184'N, 117°28.216'E, 06.xii.2007, leg. JH. Lourens; ZSM • 1 ♂ ; S. Palawan, Rizal prov. Mantalingajan range Pinagar / Culasian , 50 m, primary forest, 08°51'N, 117°51'E, 3.-4.iii.2006, leg. JH. Lourens; ZSM • 1 ♂ ; NE. Palawan, foot Mt. Ilian , 70 m, 3 km W of Bagon Bayan, 10°26'N, 119°34'E, 7.iii.2006, leg. JH. Lourens; ZSM • 1 ♀ ; C. Palawan, E of napsan, prim. for. edge Salacot Falls , 250 m, 09°50'N, 118°37'E, 12.iii.2006, leg. JH. Lourens; ZSM • 4 ♂ ; Irawan , 50 m, 5.viii.1997; ZSM • 4 ♂, 2 ♀ ; Nord Palawan, S. Vicente , 20 km NEE Roxas, 10°21'N, 119°10'E, 400 m, 12.-17.i.1988, leg. Cerny & Schintlmeister (GU 26.688); ZSM • 1 ♂, 1 ♀ ; Mt. Mantalingahan , 800 m, xii.1997, leg. Bal (GU 26.690); ZSM • 1 ♂ ; Mt. Mantalingahan, 950 m ( Kibyawon ) in prim. rainforest 8°46'59,0"N, 117°42'06,7"E 23.-30.v.2001, MV-lamp coll. Ströhle leg. A.&S. Zwick; MSW • 1 ♂, 1 ♀ ; Philippinen, Insel Palawan, Magcasaw, Mainit Brooke's point, 3.-6.x. 1996, 900 m, leg. Bal; ZSM 1 ♀ ; Mt. Salacot Res. , 800 m, 9°51'N, 118°38'E 10.-27.ii.2000, leg. Gorbatshev & Siniaev; ZSM • 1 ♂ ; Calabayong, Bar Tanabag, Tanabag river valley, 200 m, forest. 10.-21xii.1991, leg. Cerny; ZSM .

Tawi-Tawi Island • 2 ♂; Tarawakan, north of Batu Batu, 11.xi.1961 (GU 26.693, 28.078); ZSM .

Diagnosis.

Externally (Figs 12 , 21 ) C. witti sp. nov. can be confused with C. seminsula and C. thyridophora , and any identification must be confirmed by examination of the genital structures. The male genitalia differ in the shape of the valva. As in C. thyridophora , it is isosceles trapezoidal, but more elongated and pointed. The base of the trapezium is in a ratio of 2.5:1 to the apex and the length of the valva is in a ratio of 3:1 to the base of the valva (Fig. 30a ). The female genitalia differ from those of related species by the scobinate heart-shaped signum, which is about one third the size of the bursa and has poorly separated lobes, each as long as ½ the width of the signum.

The female genitalia differ from those of the related species by the scobinate heart-shaped signum, which is as large as a third of the bursa, with poorly separated lobes that are as long as ½ the width of the signum (Fig. 39 ).

Description.

External appearance. Frons and vertex orange and covered with dense, drooping scales, with small tufts at the base of antennae. Eyes large, round. Labial palpi bent obliquely upwards, densely pubescent, on the underside of the same pale olive colour as abdomen, orange above. Patagia, tegulae and thorax golden pale brown. Male forewings (Figs 12 , 21 ): triangular with rounded apex, length of forewing 10.6-15.3 mm (14 mm in holotype). The ratio between the length of forewing margin and the costa is about 1.2:1 in both sexes. Ground colour of upper side beige-green and typically with two hyaline windows (Figs 12 , 21a, b ). Central hyaline window occupies central cell up to half the length of cells M2-M3, M3-CuA1, CuA1-CuA2, and CuA2-1+2A and bordered by clearly visible antemedial and subterminal lines. Hyaline satellite oval and located between RS4-M1, and bordered by postmedial and subterminal lines. Discal spot forms triangle with postmedial line. Underside of forewing with lighter monotonous background, hyaline windows with black borders (Fig. 21b ). Male hindwings (Figs 12 , 21 ): triangular with rounded tip, central hyaline window occupies central part of wing, from ⅓ of area of central cell to the discal veins and to ½ of the area of cells M2-M3, M3-CuA1, CuA1-CuA2 and CuA2-1+2A. First triangular hyaline satellite window between veins Sc+R1 and Rs, and second between the veins Rs and M1 (Fig. 12 ). Female forewings of olive colour with large hyaline window bordered by clearly visible terminal line (Fig. 21c ). Length of forewing 14.5-16.5 mm. Female hindwings triangular with rounded tip. The general outline of pattern, colour and the type of arrangement of hyaline window repeat the forewing. Male genitalia (Figs 30a-c ). Superuncus rectangular, slightly divided into two lobes at the apex (Fig. 30c ). Uncus (Fig. 30a ) looks like a short, apically rounded lobe. Valva trapezoidal, elongate and pointed. Base of the trapezium is in a ratio of 2.5:1 to the apex, the length of valva/width of its base in a ratio of about 3:1. Juxta U-shaped. Aedeagus short, strongly bevelled at its anterior and posterior end (Fig. 30b ). Female genitalia (Fig. 39 ). Papillae anales weakly sclerotised, broad and rounded, pseudopapillae small and narrow, membranous. Posterior apophyses slender and as long as two thirds of lobes of papillae anales. Antrum cup-shaped, small. Ductus bursae membranous, strongly constricted before antrum and gradually widened before corpus bursae. Corpus bursae rounded, rather short and as long as ductus. Signum scobinate heart-shaped, as large as one third of bursa, with the lobes poorly separated and as long as ½ the width of signum.

Biology.

Unknown. Adults were observed from January to December in the forests at elevations up to 1450 m.a.s.l.

Distribution.

(Fig. 47 ). Borneo, and the nearest Philippine Islands of Palawan and Tawi-Tawi.

Etymology.

The species is dedicated to the memory of Dr. Thomas J. Witt, a famous lepidopterist and founder of the Witt Museum in Munich, whose collection fund made this research possible.

Figures

Figures 10 - 18. The wing venation and hyaline window mapping of Carriola species. 10. C. ecnomoda (Swinhoe, 1907); 11. C. thyridophora (Hampson, [1893]); 12. C. witti sp. nov.; 13. C. seminsula (Strand, 1914); 14. C. saturnioides (Snellen, 1879); 15. C. polyakovi sp. nov.; 16. C. shorokhovi sp. nov.; 17. C. fenestrata (Hampson, [1893]); 18. C. zolotuhini sp. nov.

Figures 19 - 27. Adults of Carriola species. a. Male; b. Underside wings of male; c. Female. 19. C. ecnomoda (Swinhoe, 1907); a, b. East Java, Mt. Baluran (GU 26.698; ZSM); c. East Java, Mt. Baluran, (GU 26.699; ZSM); 20. C. thyridophora (Hampson, [1893]); a, b. NE India. Assam (GU 27.442; ZSM); c. SW Kampuchea, Kirirom Nat. Park (GU 28.073; ZSM); 21 C. witti sp. nov.; a, b. HT (GU 25.852; ZSM); c. PT (GU 25.853; ZSM); 22. C. seminsula (Strand, 1914); a, b. Sud Vietnam, Bao Loc (GU 27.431; ZSM); c. Nord Vietnam, Mai Chau (GU 27.445; ZSM); 23. C. saturnioides (Snellen, 1879); a, b. N. Sulawesi, (GU 21.966; ZSM); c. Sulawesi, Namo (GU 25.850; ZSM); 24. C. polyakovi sp. nov.; a, b. HT (GU 28.779; ZSM); c. PT (GU 28.780; ZSM); 25. C. shorokhovi sp. nov.; a, b. HT (GU 26.961; ZSM); c. PT (GU 28.784; ZSM); 26. C. fenestrata (Hampson, [1893]); a, b. Vietnam, prov. Thai Nguyen (GU 27.435; ZSM); c. Vietnam, prov. Thai Nguyen, (GU 27.436; ZSM); 27. C. zolotuhini sp. nov.; a, b. HT (GU 28.069; ZSM). Scale bar represents 10 mm, all specimens to scale.

Figures 28 - 36. Male genitalia of Carriola species. a. Genitalia; b. Aedeagus with everted vesica; c. Superuncus (VIII tergum). 28. C. ecnomoda (Swinhoe, 1907) (GU 26.698; ZSM); 29. C. thyridophora (Hampson, [1893]) (GU 27.442; ZSM); 30. C. witti sp. nov. HT (GU 25.852; ZSM); 31. C. seminsula (Strand, 1914): HT (prep. NO 597; SMF); 32. C. saturnioides (Snellen, 1879) (GU 21.966; ZSM); 33. C. polyakovi sp. nov. HT (GU 28.779; ZSM); 34. C. shorokhovi sp. nov. HT (GU 26.961; ZSM); 35. C. fenestrata (Hampson, [1893]) (GU 27.435; ZSM); 36. C. zolotuhini sp. nov. HT (GU 28.069; ZSM). Scale bar represents 1 mm, all genitalia to scale.

Figures 37 - 44. Female genitalia of Carriola species. 37. C. ecnomoda (Swinhoe, 1907) (GU 26.699; ZSM); 38. C. thyridophora (Hampson, [1893]) (GU 28.073; ZSM); 39. C. witti sp. nov. PT (GU 25.853; ZSM); 40. C. seminsula (Strand, 1914) (GU 27.445; ZSM); 41. C. saturnioides (Snellen, 1879) (GU 25.850; ZSM); 42. C. polyakovi sp. nov. PT (GU 28.780; ZSM); 43. C. shorokhovi sp. nov. PT (GU 28.784; ZSM); 44. C. fenestrata (Hampson, [1893]) (GU 27.436; ZSM). Scale bar represents 1 mm, all genitalia to scale.

Figures 45 - 53. Distribution maps of Carriola species. 45. C. ecnomoda (Swinhoe, 1907); 46. C. thyridophora (Hampson, [1893]); 47. C. witti sp. nov.; 48. C. seminsula (Strand, 1914); 49. C. saturnioides (Snellen, 1879); 50. C. polyakovi sp. nov.; 51. C. shorokhovi sp. nov.; 52. C. fenestrata (Hampson, [1893]); 53. C. zolotuhini sp. nov.