Capnogryllacris (Capnogryllacris) martha ( Griffini, 1914 ) Griffini, 1914

Gorochov, Andrej V., Dawwrueng, Pattarawich & Artchawakom, Taksin, 2015, Study of Gryllacridinae (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatidae) from Thailand and adjacent countries: the genera Ultragryllacris gen. nov. and Capnogryllacris, Zootaxa 4021 (4), pp. 565-577 : 571-572

Capnogryllacris (Capnogryllacris) martha ( Griffini, 1914) , comb. nov.

(Figs 38, 45, 52)

= Gryllacris martha Griffini, 1914

= Marthogryllacris martha: Karny, 1937 (not Li et al., 2014)

Material studied. Neotype (here designated)—male; Laos, Khammouan Prov., Boulapha Distr., Bandoy Vill., VI.2009, N. Orlov ( ZIN).

Note. This species was described by Griffini (1914) from a single male with the following geographic data: “ Annam, Laos ”. Karny (1937) mentioned this species as originating from “ Laos ( Annam)”. However, the Orthoptera Species File (Eades et al., 2015) gives another type locality for this species: “ Vietnam, Annam ”. The latter indication is most probably erroneous, because in some old maps of French Indochina, the central part of recent Vietnam (Trung Bo) and southern half of recent Laos were united under the name Annam; thus, it seems to me, that Griffini’s species originates from this half of Laos which was included in “ Annam ” in accordance to these maps. Also, it is necessary to note that many forest genera of Ensifera in this part of Laos and in Vietnamese Trung Bo are represented by different species, as most parts of these territories are separated from each other by a long mountain ridge.

Because the type material on this species is destroyed (see the notes to Capnogryllacris s. l. above), the synonymization of C. martha from Laos with C. erythrocephala Gorochov, 2003 , sp. ressur. from Vietnam ( Li et al., 2014) seems to us very problematic. Moreover, there are some differences in the colouration and body size between these species which follow from the decriptions by Griffini (1914) and Gorochov (2003) as well as from the brief comparison below. In this connection, the fixation of Griffini’s species name with help of the neotype designation will be very useful for stability of the Gryllacridinae classification (this species is also type species of the generic name Marthogryllacris ). The specimen, designated here as neotype, originates from the type locality of C. martha and is in accordance to its original description.

Brief redescription. Male (neotype). Colouration and structure of body more or less similar to those of C. erythrocephala and C. phaeocephala Gorochov, 2003 but with following differences: head more similar to that of C. erythrocephala borealis Gorochov, 2003 , stat. ressur. (Northern Vietnam) in colouration (Fig. 38), i. e. with dorsal and anterior parts of epicranium as well as clypeus light brown, but with lateral parts including genae, mandibles and labrum dark brown ( Griffini, 1914: p. 257—“caput occipute, vertice, fronte, clypeoque totis testaceis; labro, mandibulis, genisque totis atris”); but pronotum more similar to that of C. phaeocephala ( Fig. 52 ), as its colouration dark brown with small reddish brown median spot along anterior edge and with light brown transverse band along posterior edge running from posterior parts of lateral lobes to posterior part of disc ( Griffini, 1914: p. 257—“pronotum atrum, metazona et parte postica loborum lateralium testaceis, margine antico latiuscula castaneo”); hind wings with thin darkened (greyish) stripes along crossveins similar to that of C. e. borealis ; tegmina somewhat widened to distal part, distinctly wider than in both above-mentioned species (for comparison see Figs 52, 53, 55 ); hooks of 9th abdominal tergite clearly different from those of latter representatives, with distinctly thickened proximal part and longer and narrower rest part (for comparison see Figs 45–48 ); genital plate with styles intermediate in length between those of these species and with posteromedian notch clearly less angular than in both these species (see Figs 45–48 ).

Measurements (in mm). Length of body 32; body with wings 56; pronotum 8.8; tegmen 42; hind femur 24.

Comparison. This species differs from C. erythrocephala in the absence of large yellowish or reddish area on the pronotal disc along its anterior edge; from C. e. erythrocephala and C. phaeocephala , in a larger body, light brown (not obviously reddish, black or dark brown) coloration of the head most part, and narrower darkened stripes situated in the hind wings along their crossveins; and from both these species, in a clearly wider distal tegminal half and in the male abdominal characters listed in the redescription.

Remarks. It is necessary to note that C. martha , recorded by Li et al. (2014) as “ Martogryllacris martha ” in Northern Vietnam (Ba Vi), is most probably C. e. borealis for the following reasons: we have one similar male of this subspecies from the same locality; the female genital plate, pictured by these authors, differs from that of C. e. erythrocephala in a more widely truncate apex; and other females of C. e. borealis are unknown. However, the species indicated in the same paper as “ Martogryllacris borealis ” for China is possibly another species, because it differs from C. e. borealis in a distinctly shallower posteromedian notch of the male genital plate as well as in clearly different hooks of the male 9th abdominal tergite. Thus, we restore here subspecies status for this taxon.

Figures

FIGURES 52 – 55. Capnogryllacris Karny, male body from above (left wings spread): 52, C. martha (Griff.); 53, C. erythocephala erythrocephala Gor.; 54, C. rubrocellata Gor.; 55, C. phaeocephala cambodiensis subsp. nov.

FIGURES 40 – 51. Capnogryllacris Karny, male (40 – 50) and female (51): 40 – 44, C. sakaerat sp. nov. (40 – 42, holotype; 43, 44, paratype); 45, C. martha (Griff.); 45, C. erythrocephala erythrocephala Gor.; 47; C. e. borealis Gor.; 48, C. phaeocephala cambodiensis subsp. nov.; 49, C. borneoensis pileata Gor.; 50, C. fumigata miniata Karny; 51, C. khmerica Gor. Body from side (40); right tegmen in rest position from side and slightly above (41, 43); specimen in living condition (42, 44); abdominal apex from below (45 – 50); genital plate from below (51).