Campsurus zunigae, Molineri & Salles, 2017

Molineri, Carlos & Salles, Frederico F., 2017, Review of selected species of Campsurus Eaton 1868 (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae), with description of eleven new species and a key to male imagos of the genus, Zootaxa 4300 (3), pp. 301-354 : 318-320

Campsurus zunigae sp. nov.

( Figs. 68–70 , 77–84 , 168 )

= Campsurus sp. B Traver 1947: 391 ( Fig. 35 )

Type material. Holotype pharate male subimago inside nymphal cuticle from BRAZIL, Amazonas, Pte. Figueredo, #26, 9.x.2003, FF Salles col. ( CZNC) . Paratypes: 4 ♂ i from Roraima, Boa Vista, rio Cauamé , N 2° 49' 11" / W 60° 40' 24", 29.v.2009, L Fusari & A Fernandes cols. ( CZNC) ; 2 ♂ si from BRAZIL, Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Ducke, Igarapé afluente do Acará , S 02° 57' 07.4" / W 59° 57' 27.6", pennsylvania light trap, 17.v.2008, N Hamada col. ( CZNC) .

Additional material. BRAZIL: 1 ♂ i from Mato Grosso do Sul, rio Sucuriú , (approx. S 18° 30' / W 53° 00'), 8.vi.2008, A Siegloch col. (IBN) ; 3 ♂ si and 3 ♀ si from Bahia, Luís Eduardo Magalhães , rio Veredinha, Fazenda Mano, BR-020 Km-147, 24.x.2008, S 12° 32' 57.2" / W 45° 48' 32.2", 750 m, light-trap, N. Hamada, R. Kikuchi cols. ( CZNC) ; 7 ♂ i and 5 ♀ i from Bahia, Luís Eduardo Magalhães , rio Rio de Janeiro (ponte), Estrada de riachão das Neves (#4), S 11° 53' 53.2" / W 45° 36' 38.3", 729 m, 27.x.2008, light-trap, N. Hamada, R. Kikuchi cols. COLOMBIA: 1 ♂ i from Amazonas, Leticia , Monillamena , Confluencia Quebradas Orejón y Yavarí, S 4° 7' 12" / W 69° 55' 43.3", 109 m, 25.vi.2009, E Domínguez & N Torres cols. (MUSENUV) ; 1 ♂ i from Leticia , Qda. La Arenosa , S 4° 7' 30" / W 69° 57' 25", 93m, 11.ii.1999, light trap 18–20 hs, MC Zúñiga , E Domínguez & C Molineri cols. (IBN758CM); 1 nymph from Amazonas, Leticia , caño km 11 hacia Tarapacá , 93 m, 28.i.1999, MC Zúñiga, E Domínguez & C Molineri cols. (IBN). VENEZUELA: 1 ♂ i Edo. Bolivar, Aponwao, sitio 1, N 5° 51' 2" / W 61° 27' 52", 1340 m, 20.xi.2005, ME Grillet col. (IBN).

Male imago. Length (mm): body, 5.8–6.1; fore wing, 5.0–5.2; hind wing, 2.0–2.3; cerci, 15.0; fore leg, 2.7– 2.8. General coloration yellowish white, slightly shaded with gray ( Fig. 168 ). Head completely shaded with gray dorsally, with transverse black line between lateral ocelli and longitudinal black line from anterior ocellus to transverse line, genae and venter of head pale. Antennae whitish, shaded gray. Thorax ( Fig. 168 ). Pronotum translucent, shaded very slightly with gray near lateral margins, center of anterior portion, hump, and anterior margin of posterior portion; prosternum and propleura whitish, very slightly shaded with gray. Mesonotum yellowish white, shaded with gray on medial line, very slightly shaded on parapsidal sutures and between PSP; pleura and sterna whitish with grayish mark anterior to wing insertion, sutures above coxa grayish; furcasternum, medial line between furcasternal plates and hind margin shaded with gray. Metanotum whitish, shaded very slightly with gray medially, metasternum shaded more widely. Legs. Fore leg whitish, completely shaded light gray, paler at coxa, trochanter, femur and bases of tarsomeres; middle and hind legs whitish translucent, shaded with gray on middle legs. Wings. Membrane and veins hyaline, except C, Sc, and R1 light gray. Hind wing hyaline, except vein Sc slightly shaded with gray. Abdomen ( Fig. 168 ) whitish translucent slightly shaded with gray on terga III–X, except on pale intersegmental membranes and medial line of terga III–VIII (this line wide anteriorly then abruptly thinning); terga III–VII shaded mainly along submedian longitudinal band and posterior band; terga VIII–X widely shaded gray. Abdominal sterna translucent except gill sclerites yellowish, shaded with gray. Genitalia ( Figs. 68– 70 ): yellowish white; sternum IX with truncate hind margin ( Fig. 68 ), medial line and fore margin gray; pedestal of each side touching basally, with relatively short and apically pointed parastylus (arrow in Fig. 69 ), inner corner strongly projected; forceps short and translucent, shaded with gray; base of main lobe of penes strongly expanded laterally and proximally (arrow in Fig. 68 ), dorsal surface smooth (arrow in Fig. 70 ); apical 1/3 of main lobe of penes narrowing toward apex, apically pointed and slightly curved ventrally ( Figs. 69–70 ); secondary membranous lobe translucent, relatively large and cylindrical. Caudal filaments translucent whitish.

Male mature nymph (cuticle, pharate male inside). Length (mm): body, 5.7; cerci, 3.8; caudal filaments broken off and lost. Head ( Fig. 77 ) with frons completely covered with long setae, also on straight anterior margin, anterolateral blunt tubercle at base of antennae with apex up-curved, anterior half of gena protruded and covered with very long, strong setae, posterior half of gena bare, except for small tubercle before eye also covered with very long, strong setae ( Fig. 77 ); inner margin of compound eye with two setae anteriorly and one posteriorly. Pedicel almost twice as long as scape, dorsally covered with very long, strong setae; scape bare; flagellum almost twice length of head capsule, scattered with very short, weak setae. Mandibular tusk ( Figs. 78–80 ) relatively long and slender, apex curved inward; exposed area 0.4–0.5× length of head capsule; dorsal surface with numerous very long, strong setae; outer margin covered with long setae and 22–25 strong blade-like spines; inner margin with 13– 14 small tubercles, some of them alternating with short strong setae, tubercles ordered in sinuous row (more evident when seen from inner lateral view, Fig. 80 ); ventral surface with many fewer setae than dorsum, only along outer margin and subapex of tusk. Maxilla with ventral gill ( Fig. 81 ). Thorax. Posterolateral corner of pronotum and propleura with strong setae; metasternum completely covered with strong setae. Legs ( Figs. 82–84 ). Fore legs ( Figs. 82–83 ): hind margin of coxa with row of posteriorly directed setae; trochanter bare; dorsal surface of femur covered with setae as in Fig. 83 ; tibia-tarsus with margins slightly curved (almost straight), dorsal surface almost completely covered with setae ( Fig. 83 ), ventral surface ( Fig. 82 ) with two rows of filtering setae: basal transversal W-shaped row extending along ventral surface and hind margin, and U-shaped longitudinal row along fore margin; apex of tibia-tarsus cleft, not strongly projected; tarsal claw apically curved with row of minute denticles but apical four larger and blunt (detail in Fig. 82 ). Middle leg with coxa and trochanter with setae; dorsal surface of femur covered with many long setae, mainly along margins, ventral surface bare, except apex with row of long curved setae; tibia with anterior margin distally projected and with crown of strong spines, posterior margin completely covered with very long setae, anterior margin basally bare, distal 1/3 densely covered with thick yellowish setae; tarsus, except for absence of crown of spines, similar in setation to tibia; tarsal claw long and slender, slightly curved when compared to fore tarsal claw, with row of 30–35 minute denticles. Hind leg ( Fig. 84 ) similar to middle leg, except for absence of crown of spines on tibia, dorsal surface of femur almost completely covered with weak setae and tarsal claw with row of 40–45 minute denticles (apical 5–6 denticles larger; see detail in Fig. 84 ). Abdomen. Lateral margins of all segments with row of long setae. Sterna I–VIII with few long setae on hind margin, sternum IX with medial row of long setae. Gills. Abdominal gill I bilobed and slightly purplish, dorsal lamella almost 3× width of ventral lamella, ventral lamella 2/3 length of dorsal lamella; gills II–VII shaded with purplish, darker on tracheae. Cercus 0.8× length of body, covered with setae dorsally and ventrally, setae more numerous and longer on outer margin, decreasing in length and number toward apex.

Etymology. We are honored to dedicate this species to our friend and colleague María del Carmen Zúñiga, who contributed enormously to the knowledge of Colombian mayflies.

Distribution ( Fig. 179 ). Brazil (Amazonas, Bahia, Mato Grosso do Sul, Roraima), Colombia, Venezuela; Guyana ( Traver 1947, approx. N 5° 59' / W 58° 30').

Diagnosis. Campsurus zunigae sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species of Campsurus , in the adult stage, by: 1) posterior margin of male abdominal sternum IX truncate ( Fig. 68 ); 2) pedestal of each side almost touching basally, long and slender, well-developed, outer-posterior margin projected forming a parastylus that is apically pointed in lateral view, inner margin strongly projected ( Fig. 68–69 ); 3) base of main lobe of penes strongly expanded laterally and proximally, dorsal surface smooth ( Figs. 68–70 ), apical 1/3 of penes narrowing toward apex, apically pointed and slightly curved ventrally ( Figs. 69–70 ); 4) very small size (length of male fore wings 5.0– 5.2 mm). In the nymph: 1) small single tubercle at base of antenna, scape bare ( Fig. 77 ); 2) pre-ocular group of setae on gena arise from a slightly elevated area, inner margin of compound eye without row of setae ( Fig. 77 ); 3) mandibular tusks ( Figs. 78–80 ) with apex slightly curved inwardly, inner margin with 13–14 small tubercles, smaller toward apex of tusk, outer margin with 22–25 strong blade-like spines and long setae, without basal group of stout spines on dorsomedial surface; 4) fore femur slender (length / maximum width = 2.4), fore tibiae with relatively straight or very slightly curved margins ( Figs. 82–83 ); 5) tarsal claws with a single row of many minute denticles except that the apical 4–6 ones are larger ( Figs. 82, 84 ).

Discussion. Please see character discussion under C. nessimiani sp. nov., above. Traver (1947) described and illustrated a male from Guyana (Rockstone, Essequibo River, 30.vi.1927, Cornell University Entomological Expedition) as Campsurus sp. B. The genitalia drawn by Traver (1947: Fig. 35 ) is completely consistent with those of the specimens described here. The genitalia of only one other species ( C. nessimiani sp. nov.) are approximate to Traver´s drawing, but in that species, the penes are not so expanded basally, and the pedestals are slightly shorter.

Figures

FIGURES 179. Distribution maps.

FIGURES 68 – 76. Male adults. Campsurus zunigae sp. nov.: 68, genitalia of imago, v. v.; 69, genitalia of subimago, l. v.; 70, detail of penes of imago, l. v. Campsurus pereirae sp. nov., imago: 71, genitalia, v. v.; 72, detail of pedestal, v. v.; 73, detail of penes, v. v.; 74, genitalia, l. v. (forceps omitted). Campsurus janae sp. nov., imago: 75, genitalia, v. v.: 76, detail of penes, l. v.

FIGURES 77 – 84. Campsurus zunigae sp. nov., nymph: 77, head, nymphal exuvia (setation on left antenna and mandible omitted); 78, right mandible, d. v.; 79, same, detail of apex (hair – like setae omitted); 80, left mandible, detail of tusk, d. v.; 81, right maxilla, v. v.; 82, fore leg, v. v. (shematic) with detail of fore tarsal claw; 83, fore leg, d. v.; 84, hind leg with detail of claw, d. v.

FIGURES 167 – 170. Male imago, general view, dorsal: 167, C. dasilvai sp. nov.; 168, C. zunigae sp. nov.; 169, C. pereirae sp. nov.; 170, C. janae sp. nov.

FIGURES 35 – 50. Campsurus essequibo, imago. Holotype male genitalia: 35, general v. v.; 36, detail of penes, v. v. Female adult: 37, abdominal sternum VIII; 38, detail of sockets. Male imago: 39 – 42, genitalia, variations, v. v.; 43, genitalia after treatment with KOH; 44 – 47, genitalia, variations, l. v.; 48, male mesofurcasternum. SEM photographs: 49, genitalia, v. v. (with detail of microlepides); 50, detail of penes, v. v.