Calymmochilus subnubilus ( Walker, 1872 )

Fusu, Lucian, Askew, Richard R. & Ribes, Antoni, 2018, Rediscovery of Calymmochilus russoi Gibson, 1995 (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae), and revision of European Calymmochilus Masi, 1919, Zootaxa 4504 (4), pp. 501-523 : 517-518

Calymmochilus subnubilus ( Walker, 1872)

Figs 7, 11, 12, 14, 16 (♀), 8, 19, 60, 62, 66, 68, 76, 77 (♂)

Eupelmus subnubilus Walker, 1872: 81 . Lectotype ♀ (designated by Bouček 1970: 81 vide ICZN Art. 74.6), HNHM, examined by LF. Type locality: Corsica.

Calymmochilus subnubilus ; Bouček, 1970: 81 (change of combination, lectotype designation, distribution). Trjapitzin 1978: 231 (keyed). Askew & Nieves Aldrey 2004: 35–37 (keyed, distribution).

Diagnosis. Female. Macropterous. Mesosoma and head concolorous, dark brown with reduced metallic lustre ( Fig. 7 ); gaster mostly brown except for partly white to hyaline Gt1. Legs and scape ( Fig. 7 ) brown-yellow to variably darkened but at least following brown: meso- and metacoxae, profemur on posterior surface and metafemur on anterior surface, scape basally and apically on dorsal and outer surfaces. Head not conspicuously modified, convex, with lower parascrobal region passing smoothly into gena ( Figs 11, 12 ). Clypeus protuberant, convex, apically serrate ( Figs 11, 12 ). Scrobal depression deep, with sloping, non-carinate sides, smooth and shiny including scrobes and coriaceous along outer margins ( Figs 11, 12 ). Frontovertex between ocellar triangle and scrobal depression coriaceous ( Figs 11, 12 ). Mesoscutum mostly coriaceous except imbricate-coriaceous to reticulate on median lobe ( Fig. 14 ). Mesoscutellum and axillae differentiated and distinct, scutellum slightly convex. Acropleuron reticulate. Fore wing in larger specimens frequently with a distinct dark cloud behind marginal and stigmal veins ( Fig. 16 ).

Male. Body brown with reduced violet lustre under some angles of illumination ( Fig. 8 ). Head in exact dorsal view ( Fig. 77 ) 4.5–4.7× breadth of an eye measured along a transverse axis as in figure 73. Frontovertex between ocellar triangle and scrobal depression coriaceous ( Fig. 76 ). Scrobal depression including scrobes smooth and shiny except for superficially sculptured outer margins ( Fig. 76 ). Funicle with first segment plus strongly reduced anellus 2.7–3.8× as long as wide ( Fig. 66 ). Mesoscutum coriaceous except midlobe imbricate in anterior one-third to half, with at most some cells slightly depressed mesally; lateral lobe coriaceous to imbricate-coriaceous ( Fig. 19 ). Mesoscutellum coriaceous. Metascutellum transverse-ovoidal, with lateroventral corners abruptly sunken ( Fig. 68 ). Fore wing stigma an elongated rectangle; uncus frequently almost to fully as long as height of stigma ( Fig. 60 ).

Distribution. Known from Algeria, Croatia, France (including Corsica), Italy ( Bouček 1977), and Spain including Canary Islands ( Askew & Nieves-Aldrey 2004). Newly recorded for Greece, continental France, Morocco, Romania, Switzerland, and Turkey.

Remarks. The lectotype of Eupelmus subnubilus ( Fig. 7 ) is entire, uncontorted and glued by its ventral surface and all appendages to a rectangular card. It was labelled as lectotype by Z. Bouček in 1969 ( Fig. 7 insert) and was designated as lectotype in Bouček (1970) by using the term “the type” (ICZN Art. 74.6).

The species is very close to C. atratus , which was considered since Bouček (1970) as its junior synonym. Females of C. subnubilus however have the frontovertex between the scrobal depression and the ocellar triangle coriaceous and comparatively shinier, with at most a couple of cells with an indistinctly concave surface, and the scrobal depression is more narrowly coriaceous along the outer margin (cf. Figs 11, 12 with Figs 9, 10 ). In C. atratus these areas are obviously reticulate. For other differences between the two species see under C. atratus .

Material examined. Type material. FRANCE: Lectotype ♀ of Eupelmus subnubilus : “ subnubilus Wlk / Coll. Marshall | DIAPELMUS | subnubilus Wlk. / (Corsica) | Eupelmus / subnubilus / Walk. | LECTOTYPUS ♀ / Eupelmus / subnubilus / Walker,/ 1872 / Bouček det. 1969 | ♀ Calymmochilus / subnubilus (Walker) / Zd. Bouček det. 1969” ( HNHM).

Non-type material. FRANCE: Normandie 27500, Bouquelon, Les Courtils, Malaise No 2: lande en cour de reboisement, 6.vi–1.viii.2010 (P. Tripotin) (1♀) ; same except 1.viii–3.x (2♀) ( AICF) . Dordogne, Ste Alvère 24510, Le Grand Pré , Malaise trap, 16–31.viii.1999 (1♀) ; same data except 1–21.ix.1999 (1♀) and 1–17.ix.2001 (1♂), on window 12.ix.2001 (1♀). St Marcel du Périgord 24510, on ivy blossom, 22.ix.2009 (1♀) and 25.ix.2009 (3♀); indoors on windows 16.v.2005 (1♀), 20.ix.2008 (3♀) , 25.ix.2009 (2♀), 11.xii.2013 (1♀); 2.ix.2004 (1♀), 5.ix.2004 (5♀). Monestier 24240, 23.vii.1984 (1♂) (all R.R. Askew) . Lot et Garonne, Bernac 47120, in old flour mill, 30.viii.1995 (1♀) (R.R. Askew) . Landes, Grand Crohot d’Océan , 11.viii.1982 (1♀) (R.R. Askew) . Var, Callas , indoors 5.xi.2011 (1♀) (P. Kan) (all RRAC) . Hte Savoie, Bassy / Frangy , 08.x.1992, J. Steffan (1♀ CNC) . Lot, Vaylats , 16–31.viii.1995, piège Malaise, Tussac Hubert (1♀ GDPC) ; same except 01–30.ix.1995 (2♀ GDPC) . Lot, Cahors, berges du Lot , 08.vii.1992, H. Tussac (1♀ GDPC) . Hérault, Montpellier, SIGMA, piège Malaise , 15– 21.ix.1988, G. Delvare (1♂ GDPC) . Hérault, Montpellier, Faculté des Sciences , 7.xii.1997, Gompel N. (1♀ GDPC) ; same except 08.ix.1998 (1♀ CBGP) , 23.vi.2000, tronc de pin [pine trunk] (1♀ CBGP) . Montpellier (34), 26.ix.1990 (1♀ GDPC) . Hérault, Montferrier sur Lez , Baillarguet–CSIRO, 43°41’05’’N, 03°52’35’’E, piège Malaise, 17–24.vii.2003, Foucart Antoine (1♀ GDPC) . Pyrénées-Atlantiques (64), Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, Pont du Diable , 43°18’N 01°31’W, cavité dans un chêne habitée par une chouette, tamisage de terreau [tree hollow inhabited by an owl, sifting of debris], 14.ix.2001, Gompel N. (1♀ GDPC) . Hérault , Saint-Martin-de-Londres 43.776244°N 3.721428°E, ix.1997, Malaise trap, J.Y. Rasplus no. 1385, 1428 (2♀ CBGP) . Hérault , Saint-Martinde-Londres, 20.viii.1999, Rasplus (1♀ CBGP) . Saint-Martin-de-Londres, Mas de Bouy , 22.viii.1997, piège Malaise, Meusnier (1♀ CBGP) . FRANCE (CORSICA): Manso, 200 m, maison forestière Pirio, 42°23’N 08°45’E, piège Malaise , 03–10.ix.1997, Andréi-Ruiz & Villemant (1♀ no. 2017-19, GDPC) ; same except 20– 27.viii.1997 (1♀ GDPC) , 10–17.ix.1997 (1♀ 3♂ GDPC) , 17–24.ix.1997 (2♀ GDPC) , 01–28.ix.1999 (6♀, one no. 2017-26, GDPC) . GREECE: Kerkini Lake area: nr Neo Petritsi, Midway Site , N41°18’49.8” E23°16’35.6”, 750m, Malaise trap, 26.v–01.vi.2008 (1♀) , 23–29.vi.2008 (1♀) , 09–13.vii.2008 (1♀), 21–27.vii.2008 (2♀), 01– 07.ix.2008 (1♀), 08–14.ix.2008 (1♀). Promohonas, Procom site, N41°22’38.1”, E23°21’58.8”, Malaise trap, 25– 31.vii.2007 (1♀) , 15–21.viii.2007 (1♀) ; Krousia Mts site, N41°11’32.4”, E23°03’59.5”, 190 m, Malaise trap, 27.vi–03.vii.2007 (1♀) , 04–10.vii.2007 (1♀) ; Pumping Station site, N41°12’48.7” E23°06’11.9”, Malaise trap, 09–15.v.2007 (2♀) , 06–12.vi.2007 (1♂, no. 2017-06) , 13–19.vi.2007 (1♀) (all G. Ramel) ( AICF) . Rhodes, Ixia , 8– 20.viii.1985, YPT, M.C. Day (1♀ CNC) . ROMANIA: Tulcea county, Danube Delta, Periprava , N 46°59'56.3" E 25°56'51.1", screen sweeping, 8.vii.2015 (O. Popovici & A. Spiridon) (1♀ DNA voucher LF_0009, DNA in UCR) ( AICF) . SPAIN: Canary Islands, La Palma, P. N. Caldera de Taburiente, Playa del Rio Taburiente , 750 m, Malaise trap 28RBS1980-1: M2- 081199 [8.xi.1999] (1♀ AICF with permission from MNCN); M2- 151199 [15.xi.1999] (1♀ MNCN); M2- 280800 [28.viii.2000] (1♀ MNCN) . Canary Islands, La Palma, P. N. Caldera de Taburiente, Roque de la Cumbercita , 1377 m, yellow trap 28RBS2177-1: YT4- 120700 [12.vii.2000] (1♀ MNCN); YT4- 240800 [24.viii.2000] (1♀ AICF with permission from MNCN) (all T. Domingo Quero ). Madrid, El Ventorillo , 1480 m, 14–21.ix.1989, MT, Nieves & Rey (1♀ CNC) . SWITZERLAND: Geneva, 20.iii.1977, John T. Huber (1♀ CNC) .

Extralimital material. ALGERIA: Oran, El-Ancor, Foret de M’Sila, 25.iv.1986 (1♀ HNHM) . MOROCCO: Marrakech, Ouirgane , 1000 m, 31°08’N 8°05’W, 23–29.vi.1996, C. Kassebeer (1♀ CNC) ; same except 10– 16.ix.1996 (1♂ CNC) . TURKEY: Mugla, Tlos , 5–700 m, 27.viii.1992, J.S. Noyes (1♀ CNC) .

Figures

FIGURES 7–16. 7, Calymmochilus subnubilus, lectotype ♀ with data labels; 8, C. subnubilus ♂ (2017-06); 9–12, head in frontal view in Calymmochilus ♀: 9, C. atratus (lectotype); 10, C. atratus (2017-18); 11, C. subnubilus (lectotype); 12, C. subnubilus (2017-19). 13, mesosoma in C. atratus (lectotype); 14, mesosoma in C. subnubilus (lectotype); 15, fore wing in C. atratus (2017-18); 16, fore wing in C. subnubilus (2017-26). Scale bars represent 1 mm in 7, 8 and 0.2 mm in 9–16.

FIGURES 70–77. Head in Calymmochilus ♂: 70, 71, C. atratus (2017-28); 72, 73, C. dispar (allotype); 74, 75, C. delphinus (2017-07); 76, 77, C. subnubilus (2017-06). eb—eye breadth, fb—minimum frontovertex breadth (interocular distance). Scale bars represent 0.2 mm.

FIGURES 53–69. 53–57, fore wing venation variability in Calymmochilus dispar ♂: 53, allotype; 54, specimen 2017-04 from type locality; 55, specimen 2017-30, both wings; 56, specimen 2017-31, both wings; 57, specimen 2017-05. 58–60, fore wing venation in Calymmochilus ♂: 58, C. atratus 2017-28; 59, C. delphinus 2017-08; 60, C. subnubilus 2017-06. 61, head and mesosoma, lateral, C. dispar ♂ (allotype); 62, head and mesosoma, lateral, C. subnubilus ♂ (2017-06). 63–66, pedicel and basal flagellomeres in Calymmochilus ♂: 63, C. atratus (2017-28); 64, C. delphinus (2017-07); 65, C. dispar (allotype); 66, C. subnubilus (2017-06). 67–69, metanotum and propodeum in Calymmochilus ♂: 67, C. dispar (2017-04); 68, C. subnubilus (2017-06); 69, C. delphinus (2017-07). Scale bars represent 0.2 mm.

FIGURES 17–19. 17, Calymmochilus atratus, lectotype ♀, fore wing and gaster; 18, mesosoma in C. atratus ♂ (2017-28); 19, mesosoma in C. subnubilus ♂ (2017-06). Scale bars represent 0.2 mm.