Calagrassor viciani, Harzhauser & Landau, 2024

Harzhauser, Mathias & Landau, Bernard M., 2024, The Colubrariidae, Eosiphonidae, Melongenidae, Pisaniidae, Prodotiidae and Tudiclidae (Gastropoda, Buccinoidea) of the Miocene Paratethys Sea, Zootaxa 5427 (1), pp. 1-110 : 24-26

Calagrassor viciani nov. sp.

Figs 11A–E , 12B–C

Fusus Bouéi Partsch — Hörnes 1848: 19 [nomen nudum].

Fusus glomus Gené —Hörnes 1853: 279, pl. 31, figs 2a–b [non Calagrassor cinguliferus ( De Cristofori & Jan, 1832) ].

Fusus glomus Gené — Neugeboren 1854: 184 [non Calagrassor cinguliferus ( De Cristofori & Jan, 1832) ].

Fusus (Chrysodomus) glomus Gene —Hoernes & Auinger 1890: 256 [non Calagrassor cinguliferus ( De Cristofori & Jan, 1832) ].

Chrysodomus glomus (Gené) — Boettger 1902: 36 [non Calagrassor cinguliferus ( De Cristofori & Jan, 1832) ].

Neptunea gloma (Gené) — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1969: 84, pl. 4, fig. 12 [non Calagrassor cinguliferus ( De Cristofori & Jan, 1832) ].

Neptunea gloma Gené — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1972: 28, pl. 10, fig. 33 [non Calagrassor cinguliferus ( De Cristofori & Jan, 1832) ].

Neptunea (N [eptunea].) hoernesi (Bellardi) — Stancu et al. 1971: 125, pl. 8, fig. 5 [non Calagrassor hoernesi ( Bellardi, 1873) ].

Fusus bouei M. Hörnes, 1848 — Snyder 1999: 6 [nomen nudum].

Eosipho cinguliferus ( De Cristofori & Jan, 1832) — Kovács 2022: 69, figs 18–21 [non Calagrassor cinguliferus ( De Cristofori & Jan, 1832) ].

Type material. Holotype: NHMW 1846 /0037/0269, SL: 28.7 mm, MD: 14.9 mm, Baden ( Austria), illustrated in Hörnes (1853: pl. 31, fig. 2), Figs 11C 1 –C 2 ; Paratypes: NHMW 1865 /0001/0205, SL: 35.6 mm , MD: 15.6 mm, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania), Figs 11A 1 –A 2 ; NHMW 1865 /0001/0205, SL: 34.3 mm , MD: 15.0 mm, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania), Figs 11B 1 –B 2 ; NHMW 2023 /0338/0004, SL: 28.8 mm , MD: 14.0 mm, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania), Figs 11D 1 –D 2 ; NHMW1866 /0028/0008, SL: 22.4 mm , MD: 11.3 mm, Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou ( Czech Republic), Figs 11E 1 –E 2 ; NHMW 1872 /0039/0048, SL: 13.1 mm , MD: 6.2 mm, Baden-Sooss ( Austria), Figs 12B 1 –B 2 ; NHMW 1868 /0001/0458, SL: 17.9 mm , MD: 8.0 mm, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania), Fig. 12C .

Additional material. 4 spec., NHMW 2013 /0078/0346, Baden ( Austria) ; 2 spec., NHMW 2013 /0300/0326, Baden-Sooss ( Austria) ; 2 spec., NHMW 1851 /0026/0037, Grund ( Austria) ; 2 spec., NHMW 1847 /0037/0049, Steinebrunn ( Austria) ; 3 spec., NHMW 1858 /0047/0017, Porzteich ( Czech Republic) ; 32 spec., NHMW 1870 /0033/0092, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) ; 5 spec., NHMW 1863 /0015/0966, Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou ( Czech Republic) .

Type locality. Baden ( Austria), Vienna Basin .

Type stratum. Silty clay of the Baden Formation.

Age. Middle Miocene, early/middle Badenian (Langhian).

Etymology. In honor of Zoltán Vicián (Budapest), in recognition for his contributions on Paratethyan paleontology.

Diagnosis. Medium-sized, stout fusiform shell with broad conical protoconch of three whorls, moderately convex teleoconch whorls with cancellate sculpture of prominent spiral cords overriding weaker axial ribs, aperture wide with prominent lirae reaching far within.

Description. Medium-sized, solid, stout fusiform shell of up to five teleoconch whorls; apical angle 47–60°. Protoconch broadly conical, of three convex whorls with small, pointed nucleus; weak carina just above adapical suture forming periphery; diameter 850μm, height: 980μm; strongly opisthocyrt growth lines on terminal part of protoconch. Transition to teleoconch marked by onset of cancellate sculpture of four raised spiral cords overriding weaker, widely spaced axial ribs. Whorl profile of first two teleoconch whorls weakly shouldered just below adapical suture, weakly convex below. Later whorls strongly convex, separated by deeply incised suture. Axial ribs weakening on penultimate and last whorls; spiral cords becoming broader, elevated, strap-like, increasing to five or six on penultimate whorl, resulting in predominant, often weakly beaded spirals on last whorl; axial sculpture of last whorl often reduced to growth lines in spiral interspaces. Last whorl convex, attaining ~70% of total height, base moderately constricted with 6–7 primary cords above level of insertion of outer lip, indistinctly beaded in some specimens, and 10–12 non-beaded cords over base and fasciole; occasional secondary cords; fasciole moderately strong, forming narrow chink. Aperture wide, pyriform. Columellar callus forming thin rim, sharply delimited from base in fully grown specimens. Columella smooth, moderately excavated in upper half. Transition to siphonal canal twisted. Anal canal wide, indistinct. Outer lip thickened with numerous lirae extending far within. Siphonal canal moderately short, moderately narrow, slightly deflected to the left.

Discussion. Since Hörnes (1853) this species has been confused with Calagrassor cinguliferus ( De Cristofori & Jan, 1832) from the Late Miocene and Pliocene of the Proto-Mediterranean Sea. Note that Fusus glomus Bellardi & Michelotti, 1840 is a subjective junior synonym of Siphonorbis cinguliferus De Cristofori & Jan, 1832 ( De Cristofori & Jan 1832: 10). The protoconch of Calagrassor cinguliferus is high conical of 3.5 protoconch whorls [NHMW 1865/0004/0846, SL: 13.3 mm, MD: 6.5 mm, Tortona ( Italy), Figs 12A ; see also Brunetti & Della Bella 2016: 29]. Therefore, it differs from the more broadly conical protoconch of Calagrassor viciani , which has only three whorls. In addition, the last whorl of fully-grown specimens of Calagrassor cinguliferus bear wide-spaced strap-like spiral cords with flat tops, whereas the cords are more convex and more crowded in Calagrassor viciani , which has also more prominent axial sculpture on the last whorl. For descriptions and illustrations of Calagrassor cinguliferus see Brunetti & Della Bella (2016: 29, figs 18A–F), Cavallo & Repetto (1992: 99, fig. 221), Robba (1968: 539, pl. 41, fig. 7), and references therein.

‘Chrysodomus’ glomoides rugulata Sacco, 1904 and ‘ Chrysodomus’ glomoides pluricostulata Sacco, 1904, from the Burdigalian of the Colli Torinesi ( Italy), differ from the Paratethyan species in their dominant spiral sculpture of more numerous, closer-set spiral cords ( Sacco 1904, pl. 9, figs 28, 30). ‘ Chrysodomus’ glomoides angustata Sacco, 1904 ( Sacco 1904: pl. 9, fig. 29) differs in its higher spire and even more deeply incised suture.

The extant Calagrassor hayashii ( Shikama, 1971) , from the Indo-West Pacific Region, is a morphologically similar species but differs in its broader tubercles and low, paucispiral protoconch (see Fraussen & Stahlschmidt 2016b: figs 84–87).

Paleoenvironment. Unknown; documented from inner neritic settings and from deeper water environments.

Distribution in Central Paratethys. Badenian (Middle Miocene): North Alpine-Carpathian Foreland Basin: Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou ( Czech Republic) (Hoernes & Auinger 1890); Vienna Basin: Bad Vöslau, Baden, Baden-Sooss ( Austria), Porzteich at Břeclav ( Czech Republic) (Hoernes & Auinger 1890); Bükk Mountains: Borsodbóta ( Hungary) ( Csepreghy-Meznerics 1972); Făget Basin: CoŞteiu de Sus, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) ( Kovács 2022); Dubova Region ( Romania) ( Stancu et al. 1971).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Measurements for shell morphology; AA: apical angle, SL: shell length, MD: maximum diameter, LWH: last whorl height, AH: aperture height, AL: aperture length, AW: aperture width.

FIGURE 2. Colubraria subobscura (Hoernes & Auinger, 1884). A1–A3. NHMW 1854/0035/0170, paralectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). B1–B2. NHMW 1859/0037/0018a, paralectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). C1–C3. NHMW 1865/0001/0183, paralectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). D1–D2. NHMW 1859/0037/0018b, paralectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). E1–E3. NHMW 1874/0025/0021, lectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). F1–F2. NHMW 2023/0338/0001, paralectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania).

FIGURE 11. Calagrassor viciani nov. sp. A1–A2. NHMW 1865/0001/0205, paratype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). B1–B2. NHMW 1865/0001/0205, paratype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). C1–C2. NHMW 1846/0037/0269, holotype, Baden (Austria). D1–D2. NHMW 2023/0338/0004, paratype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). E1–E2. NHMW1866/0028/0008, paratype, Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou (Czech Republic).

FIGURE 12. A. Calagrassor cinguliferus (De Cristofori & Jan, 1832), NHMW 1865/0004/0846, Tortona (Italy). B–C. Calagrassor viciani nov. sp. B1–B2. NHMW 1872/0039/0048, Paratype, Baden-Sooss (Austria). C. NHMW 1868/0001/0458, paratype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania).