Tynanthus fasciculatus (Vell.) Miers (1863: 193)

Medeiros, Maria Cláudia Melo Pacheco De & Lohmann, Lúcia G., 2015, Taxonomic Revision of Tynanthus (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae), Phytotaxa 216 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

5. Tynanthus fasciculatus (Vell.) Miers (1863: 193) . Bignonia fasciculata Vellozo (1825: 247 ; 1827: tab. 25). Arrabidaea fasciculata (Vell.) de Candolle (1845: 185) . Cuspidaria fasciculata (Vell.) Sonder (1849: 560) . Schizopsis fasciculata (Vell.) Bureau (1865: 379) . Lectotype (designated by Lohmann, in Lohmann & Taylor 2014: 468):—Fl. Flumin. Icones 6: tab. 25. 1827.

Fig. 8 : A–F

Lianas. Branchlets tetragonal to terete, with or without ritidome, finely striated, densely lenticeled, tomentose to pubescent, with simple and peltate trichomes; interpetiolar ridge absent or present; interpetiolar patelliform glands absent; prophylls of the axillary buds 0.7–1.5(–2.2) mm long, 0.5–1.2(–1.5) mm wide, minute, shallowly triangular to triangular, tomentose to pubescent throughout, with simple and peltate trichomes. Leaves 2–3 foliolated (more commonly 3); terminal leaflets often modified into trifid tendrils, without adhesive-disks on tip; petioles and petiolules tomentose to pubescent throughout surface, with simple and peltate trichomes; petioles (0.5–) 1.2–5.5 cm long; petiolules (0.4–) 0.6–3.4 cm long; leaflets (3.3–) 4.3–11.7 cm long, (1.2–) 2–7.5 cm wide, membranous to chartaceous (sometimes subcoriaceous), discolor or concolor, elliptic; apex acuminate, mucronate; base cuneate or obtuse, symmetrical; margin entire; the abaxial surface tomentose to pubescent throughout or only on and near the veins, with simple and peltate trichomes; the adaxial surface tomentose to pubescent throughout or only on and near the veins, with simple and peltate trichomes; glandular trichomes evenly distributed throughout both surfaces; second venation weak brochidodromous; pocket domatia with trichomes. Inflorescence axilar or terminal, a thyrse, dense, with corymbose or subcorymbose aspect, (2–) 3.1–4.5 cm long; axis tomentose, with simple and peltate trichomes; bracts of the inflorescence predominantly caducous, tomentose throughout, 1–3.5 mm long; floral bracts 0.6–1.4 mm long; floral pedicels 1.5–6 mm long. Calyx green to reddish, 2.5–4 mm long, 2–3.5 mm wide, with transversal (sometimes oblique) aperture, 5-laciniate, tomentose or densely pubescent throughout outside, with patelliform glands; lobes 0.6–3 mm long. Corolla white, cream or pale yellow, 1.2–2.2 cm long, 4–7 mm wide at the tube opening; tube 5–11 mm long, internally tomentose to pubescent at the base, with simple and long and short stipitate trichomes; nectar guides present, yellow; lobes densely pubescent to pubescent throughout lower ones and at the margin of upper ones; upper ones 0.7–2.8 mm long, 1–3.3 mm wide, acute to obtuse; lower ones 4–5.2 mm long, 2.5–5.2 mm wide, acute, obtuse or rounded. Androecium with fertile stamens inserted 2.5–3 mm from the base of the corolla; shorter ones 7.5–8.5 mm long; longer ones 9–10 mm long; anthers thecae 1.4–1.7 mm long, obovate to elliptic, subexserted; connective extending 0.4–0.6 mm beyond anther attachment; staminode 2.3–2.8 mm long, glabrescent, with long and short stipitate trichomes. Gynoecium 12–13 mm long; ovary 1.5–2 mm long, 0.9–1.3 mm wide, conical, velutinous; style 10–12 mm long, tomentose at the base. Fruit a linear flattened to subtetragonal capsule, 11–39.5 cm long, (0.5–) 0.8–2 cm wide, woody, smooth to granular near the midvein and granular near the margins, without lenticels to densely lenticeled, tomentose to pubescent, with simple, peltate and patelliform trichomes; central ridge single, prominent (sometimes not); margins prominently raised (winged), 0.2–0.7 cm wide. Seeds body (0.7–) 1–2 cm long, (0.4–) 0.6–1 cm wide; wings (0.3–) 0.5–1.2 cm long.

Phenology: —Flowers from September to December and produces fruits from February to October.

TAXONOMIC REVISION OF TYNANTHUS (BIGNONIEAE)

Phytotaxa 216 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press • 19 20 • Phytotaxa 216 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press

MEDEIROS & LOHMANN

Distribution and habitats: —Occurs mainly in moist broadleaf forests, although a few populations are known to occur in savanna areas from Eastern Brazil (Minas Gerais and São Paulo) ( Fig. 9).

Additional specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Sin loc., s.d., Araujo? 11364 ( P barcode 3606710). Sin loc., s.d., J. S . Blanchet s.n. ( BM). Sin loc., s.d., J. C . Mello s.n. ( NY barcode 483766, US 2515368). Sin loc., s.d., Widgren 243 ( BM). Sin loc., 1 September 1866, J. C . Mello 8a ( K, P barcode 3606703). Sin loc., 18 October 1866, J. C . Mello 8β ( P barcode 3606704). Sin loc., 1 October 1867, J. C . Mello 8y ( K, MO 3395613 , P barcode 3606705, US 2515615). Minas Gerais: Sin loc., s.d., A. F . Regnell II-198 ( MO 3395612 ). Sin loc., 1845, Widgren s.n. ( BR, MO 2698894 , MO 3395608 , P barcode 3606700). Jardim, 20 November 1845, Widgren 49 ( BR). Sin loc., 1845, Widgren 94 ( BR). Sin loc., 18 October 1847, A. F . Regnell II-198 ( K, LE). Sin loc., 19 October 1861, A. F . Regnell II-198 ( R 23787 , US 201375). Rio Pardo, 7 July 1866, A. F . Regnell II-198 ( K). Sin loc., 9 September 1866, A. F . Regnell II-198 ( P barcode 3606695). Serra da Concha, 21 September 1867, A. F . Regnell II-198 ( P barcode 3606699); 29 September 1867, A. F . Regnell II-198 ( P barcode 3606698). Campos da Bocaina, 8 September 1879, A . Glaziou 4692a ( P, US). Perpetua, pres Diamantina, 11 April 1892, A . Glaziou 19664 ( P). Mineração da Itaú , Rodovia Belo Horizonte a Paraopeba, 13 September 1957, E. P . Heringer s.n. ( RB barcode 58281; RB barcode 58305; MO 2609963 ). Belo Horizonte, Estação Ecológica UFMG , Trilha J , 6 June 1990, E. M . Santos et al. s.n. ( F 2170556 ); 6 June 1990, E. M . Santos et al. 76 ( BHCB); Ibid., 2a. Estação de coleta, trilha J , 10 October 1990, E . Tameirão Neto 215 ( BHCB, F). Caldas, s.d., A. F . Regnell II-198 ( K, MO 2305639 , P barcode 3606697, R 23786 , US 2515367); 8 September 1845, A. F . Regnell II-198 ( P barcode 3606701); 19 October 1861, A. F . Regnell II-198 ( P barcode 3606694); 21 September 1867, A. F . Regnell II-198 ( BR, M); 1869, A. F . Regnell II-198 ( BR). Camanducaia, Mata dos Mota, 1000 m, 12 October 1999, R. B . Torres et al. 756 ( IAC). Coronel Pacheco, s.d., E. P . Heringer s.n. ( RB barcode 58310); Estação Experimental, 28 October 1940, E. P . Heringer 352 ( RB, SP, VIC). Juiz de Fora, Serra do 12º RI , 11 November 1964, S. V . Monteiro 2627 ( VIC). Marliérea, Parque Estadual do Rio Doce, Salão Dourado, junto à saída, 15 June 1995, J. A . Lombardi & L. G . Temponi 793 ( BHCB). Mercês, 1840?, G . Gardner 5030 ( BM, K, G, P). Ouro Preto, Parque Estadual do Itacolomi, Trilha da Mata do sibrão, 11 December 2006, R. S . Araújo et al. 44 ( VIC). Reduto, Reduto E. F. L ., 12 October 1950, E. P . Heringer 2656 ( NY, RB). Tombos, Fazenda da Cachoeira, 9 August 1935, M . Barreto 1824 ( F, MO, R). Uberaba, 7 July 1860, A. F . Regnell II-198 ( US 1322404). Viçosa , Direction of São Miguel, km 8, Fazenda A . Cocerro , 900 m, 26 June 1930, Y . Mexia 4802 ( BM,

TAXONOMIC REVISION OF TYNANTHUS (BIGNONIEAE)

Phytotaxa 216 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press • 21 F, G, K, MO, NY, P , US); Mata do Paraíso , 5 December 1935, J. G . Kuhlmann s.n. ( RB barcode 58468; VIC 2672 ); Ibid., aceiro, em baixada ca. de 100 m depois da segunda cerca, subindo à esquerda da cancela, 23 October 2002, M. M. M . Lopes 158 ( VIC); 17 February 2003, M. M. M . Lopes 174 ( VIC); UFV, 23 February 1959, H. S . Irwin 2714 ( F photo, K, US); Ibid., Jardim Botânico, 7 October 1962, M. R. R . Vidal 199 ( VIC); 15 October 1979, A. J . Filho s.n. ( VIC 6393 ); 15 October 1979, R. S . Ramalho 1621 ( RB); 11 November 2010, M. C . Medeiros & R. B . Louzada 19 ( SPF). São Paulo: Sin loc., September 1868, S . Henschen s.n. ( US 201374). Estrada de Pirapora a Cabreúva, 4 December 1924, A . Gehrt s.n. ( NY barcode 483765, SP 12903 , US 1543120). Caieiras, Terrenos da Cia. Melhoramentos de São Paulo, 27 October 1936, M . Kuhlmann s.n. ( SP 36635 ). Campinas, Souzas, s.d., H. M . Souza s.n. ( IAC 20158 ); 4 May 1866, J. C . Mello 8 ( K, P barcode 3606702); 20 July 1875, H . Mosén 3960 ( MO, P); Barão Geraldo , Santa Genebra Forest Reserve , Betel, Transect 1, 600 m, 4 January 1985, A. H . Gentry & E . Zardini 49163 ( MO); 4 January 1985, A. H . Gentry & E . Zardini 49173 ( MO); Ibid., Transect 2, 550 m, 26 August 1987, A. H . Gentry & A . Silva 58692 ( MO, UEC); Ibid., 550 m, 27 August 1987, A. H . Gentry & A . Silva 58713 ( MO, UEC); Ibid., Transect 5, 550 m, 31 August 1987, A. H . Gentry 58780 ( MO, UEC); Ibid., 550 m, 5 September 1987, A. H . Gentry 59067 ( K, MO, NY, UEC); Ibid., 550 m, 5 September 1987, A. H . Gentry 59077 ( UEC); Sítio São Francisco, 31 January 2000, T . Spinelli et al. 219 ( UEC). Helvetia, 3 November 1943, D. B. J . Pickel s.n. ( SPF barcode 200750, SPSF 948 , US 1564384); Ibid., 10 November 1943, D. I . Stehle s.n. ( SPSF 1012 ). Jundiai, E. E . Jundiaí , 12 April 1994, L. C . Bernacci et al. 1 ( HRCB, SPF). Limeira, Orla da mata da S. A. F. B , 10 October 1946, M . Kuhlmann 1278 ( US). Rio Claro, Fazenda São José, 24 August 2000, M. A . Assis et al. 1367 ( HRCB); Ibid., 4 October 2000, R . Udulutsch & V. T . Rampin 57 ( HRCB); Ibid., 15 November 2000, R . Udulutsch & M. A . Assis 112 ( HRCB); Ibid., 11 January 2001, R . Udulutsch & M. A . Assis 169 ( HRCB); Ibid., 24 March 2001, R . Udulutsch et al. 232 ( HRCB); Ibid., 24 March 2001, R . Udulutsch et al. 245 ( HRCB); Ibid., 7 October 2001, M. A . Assis & A. G . Manzatto 1595 ( HRCB); Ibid., 30 October 2001, R . Udulutsch et al. 429 ( HRCB); Ibid., 3 October 2003, M. A . Assis et al. 1666 ( HRCB). Santa Rita do Passa Quatro , Parque Estadual de Vassununga, Gleba Maravilha, 17 December 2002, Y. J. A . Tibiriçá & L. F . Coelho 70 ( HRCB). São Paulo, Cidade Jardim, 13 November 1941, W . Hoehne 804 ( G, RB). Serra Negra, October–November 1901, G . Edwall s.n. ( F 896072 , SP 15045 ) .

Taxonomic notes: — Tynanthus fasciculatus can be easily recognized by the laciniate calyx that contrasts with the denticulate or truncate calyx apices found in the remaining species of the genus. This species is the only Southern Brazilian species to bear dense inflorescences, with a corymbose or subcorymbose aspect. Tynanthus fasciculatus is sister to T. labiatus , another Atlantic Forest species ( Medeiros & Lohmann 2015), with which it shares winged fruits. However, T. fasciculatus can be easily separated by the dense inflorescences (versus lax inflorescences in T. labiatus ) and the dense indumentum on young branchlets (versus glabrescent branchlets in T. labiatus ).

Figures

FIGURE 8. A–F. Tynanthus fasciculatus: A. Flowering branch; B. Detail of tomentose indumentum in branchlets; C. Calyx with laciniate apex; D. Open corolla showing the androecium; E. Gynoecium (G. Edwall s.n., F 896072); F. Fruit showing the subtetragonal cross section (M. Barreto 1824, F). G–J. T. guatemalensis: G. Flowering branch; H. Interpetiolar region showing the foliaceous prophylls of the axillary buds; I. Flower (E. Contreras 8517, F); J. Fruit (P.H. Gentle 7775, F). Illustration by Klei Sousa.