Barsine cardinalis cardinalis ( Hampson, 1900 )

Volynkin, Anton V. & Černý, Karel, 2017, Revision of the Barsine cardinalis - anomala ' species-complex' (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae), Zootaxa 4358 (3), pp. 441-461 : 442-443

Barsine cardinalis cardinalis ( Hampson, 1900)

( Figs. 1–4 , 26 , 38 )

Miltochrista cardinalis Hampson, 1900 , Catalogue of Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum 2: 480, pl. 32, fig. 8 (Type locality: "Sikhim; … Assam, Khásis").

= Miltochrista erubescens Rothschild, 1936 ; The Annals and Magazine of Natural History (10) 17: 490 (Type locality: [NE India, Meghlaya] " Khasia Hills , Assam "), syn. nov.

Type material examined. Syntype of Miltochrista cardinalis Hampson ( Fig. 1 ): ♂, handwritten label " Miltochrista cardinalis , type ♂, Hmpsn." / "Sikkim (printed), 2.X. [18]90 (handwritten), G.C. Dudgeon, 94–52 (printed)" / round printed label with a red circle "Type" / printed label with QR-code "NHMUK010604319" (Coll. NHMUK); holotype (by monotypy) of Miltochrista erubescens Rothschild ( Fig. 2 ): ♂, handwritten label " Miltochrista erubescens Type Rothschild" / printed label "Khasis, July 1896, Nat. Coll." / round printed label with a red circle "Type" / printed label "Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939-I. " / printed label with QR-code "NHMUK010604318" (Coll. NHMUK).

Other material examined. 1 ♂, Khasis, July 1896, Nat. Coll. / Joicey Bequest Brit. Mus. 1934-120., slide BMNH(E) Arct- 6487m Volynkin (Coll. NHMUK); 3 ♀, Khasis, Nat. Coll. / Joicey Bequest Brit. Mus. 1934-120., slide BMNH(E) Arct-6488f Volynkin (Coll. NHMUK).

Diagnosis. Length of forewing is 8.5–10 mm in males and 13–14 mm in females. The sexual dimorphism is well developed: males are smaller, have strongly ciliate antennae, narrower forewings and narrower and more trigonal hind wings with broader hyaline basal area than females. The species can be easily distinguished from other externally similar Barsine species by its narrow forewing with a longitudinal black strip distally broadened and reaching outer wing margin, and the small trigonal hind wings with hyaline area at base. In the male genitalia, it differs by the large, trigonal distal costal process directed apically (whereas in other externally similar species the process is smaller and shorter), absence of distal membranous lobe of valva (whereas in other externally similar species the lobe is well developed), and the globular vesica with small diverticula and a medial field of very short, robust cornuti of different size (whereas in other externally similar species the vesica is with long fields of smaller cornuti or with numerous diverticula and bunches or single spine-like cornuti). In the female genitalia B. cardinalis can be easily distinguished by presence of large, strongly sclerotized antevaginal plate with a deep U-like medial concavity, the elongated, twisted corpus bursae with strong rugose sclerotization in its posterior section and a long band-like signum in its anterior section, whereas in other externally similar species antevaginal plate is absent or has different shape, corpus bursae is oval or globular with only weak rugose sclerotization posteriorly ( B. longstriga ), or with strong spine-like scobination ( B. anomala species-group), or with bands of robust teeth or spines and strongly dentate signa (other species).

Distribution. North-East India (north of West Bengal, Sikkim, Assam, Meghalaya, Arunachal Pradesh) ( Hampson 1900; Kirti & Singh 2015). Record for China (Yunnan) ( Fang 2000) is doubtful, judging by the photo presented ( Fang 2000: pl. 2, fig. 2) it belongs to B. incompletostriga sp. nov. or B. rawanga sp. nov., and not B. cardinalis . Record for Thailand and Vietnam ( Černý & Pinratana 2009) belongs to both B. pseudocardinalis and B. cardinalis gemina ssp. nov . (the latter one was mentioned as a male specimen from Doi Suthep).

Figures

FIGURES 1–9. Barsine spp.: adults.1, B. cardinalis cardinalis, holotype ♂, Sikkim (©NHMUK); 2, B. cardinalis cardinalis, holotype ♂ of Miltochrista erubescens, Khasis (©NHMUK); 3, B. cardinalis cardinalis, ♂, Khasis (©NHMUK); 4, B. cardinalis cardinalis, ♀, Khasis (©NHMUK); 5, B. cardinalis gemina, holotype ♂, N Thailand, Chiang Mai prov. (NHMUK, ex coll. CAV); 6, B. cardinalis gemina, paratype ♀, N Thailand, Chiang Mai prov. (CAV); 7, B. longstriga, holotype ♂, China, Shaanxi prov., Qinling (IZCAS); 8, B. longstriga, ♂, China, Sichuan, Kwanhsien (©NHMUK); 9, B. longstriga, ♀, China, Sichuan, Kwanhsien (©NHMUK).

FIGURES 26–28. Barsine spp.: male genitalia. 26, B. cardinalis cardinalis, NE India, Khasis, slide BMNH(E) Arct-6487m Volynkin (©NHMUK); 27, B. cardinalis gemina, holotype, N Thailand, slide AV2376m Volynkin; 28, B. longstriga, China, Sichuan, slide BMNH(E) Arct-6485m Volynkin (©NHMUK).

FIGURES 38–43. Barsine spp.: female genitalia. 38, B. cardinalis cardinalis, NE India, Khasis, slide BMNH(E) Arct-6488f Volynkin (©NHMUK); 39, B. cardinalis gemina, paratype, N Thailand, slide AV2377f Volynkin; 40, B. longstriga, China, Sichuan, slide BMNH(E) Arct-6486f Volynkin (©NHMUK); 41, B. pseudocardinalis, paratype, N Thailand, slide AV2375f Volynkin; 42, B. pseudocardinalis, paratype, Central Vietnam, slide AV2388f Volynkin; 43, B. anomala, Sikkim, slide BMNH(E) Arct-6483f Volynkin (©NHMUK).