Amphidraus araripe, Salgado & Ruiz, 2019

Salgado, Alexandre & Ruiz, Gustavo R. S., 2019, Seven new species of Amphidraus Simon, 1900 (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini), Zootaxa 4563 (3), pp. 451-481 : 460-465

Amphidraus araripe sp. nov.

Figs 11–14

Type material. Holotype: Ƌ from Floresta Nacional do Araripe-Apodi , 7°18'39.6"S, 39°26'49.2"W, Crato, Ceará, Brazil, 06.II.2011, L.S. Carvalho et al. leg. ( MPEG 35011 ); Paratypes: 1 Ƌ and 1♀ from Parque Nacional de Ubajara , Trilha da Samambaia, 3°50'19.4"S, 40°53'58.6"W, Ubajara, Ceará, Brazil, 14.V.2013, L.S. Carvalho et al. leg. ( UFMG 14887 ) .

Etymology. The specific epithet is a noun in apposition taken from the locality of the holotype.

Diagnosis. Among all species of Amphidraus , A. araripe sp. nov. is most similar to A. pulvinus Salgado & Ruiz, 2017 by having the tegulum with small retrolateral spermophore loop (RSPL) ( Figs 11D , 13B ; see Salgado & Ruiz 2017: fig. 8C) and the same tibial apophysis pattern: the retroventral tibial apophysis (RvTA) and intercalary tibial apophysis (ITA) are short and blade-shaped (the ITA with an internal basal projection; black arrow in Fig. 11E ; see also Salgado & Ruiz 2017: fig. 8D) and the RTA is linked to an inflated membrane ( Figs 11 E–G, 13B–C; see Salgado & Ruiz: figs 8B, 8D). These species also have an embolic disc with a distal process projected to prolateral side and a ventral process projected to retrolateral side ( Figs 11C , 13A ; see Salgado & Ruiz 2017: fig. 8C). However, A. araripe sp. nov. can be distinguished by having the RvTA and ITA more separated from each other ( Figs 11F , 13B ), whereas these are almost fused in A. pulvinus (see Salgado & Ruiz 2017: fig. 8D). In addition, A. araripe sp. nov. has a vPED placed near the distal processes ( Figs 11C , 13A ), whereas in A. pulvinus the vPED is placed on the prolateral border of embolic disc (see Salgado & Ruiz 2017: fig. 8C). The female of A. pulvinus is unknown, but among the Amphidraus species currently known, the epigyne of A. araripe sp. nov. is most similar to that of A. manaura sp. nov., both with glands near copulatory openings and with epigynal plate with border slightly bilobed ( Figs 12C , 13D , 16D , 17D ). However, the female of A. araripe sp. nov. differs by having a longer copulatory duct (with one loop ventrally projected) and by having the less expanded border of epigynal plate ( Figs 13D , 17D ).

Description. Male holotype (MPEG 35011). Total length: 2.73. Carapace 1.32 long, 0.88 wide and 0.65 high. Ocular quadrangle 0.54 long. Anterior eye row 0.93 wide, posterior 0.81 wide. Legs 4312. Length of leg: I 2.09 (0.63 + 0.77 + 0.69); II 2.04 (0.62 + 0.70 + 0.72); III 2.50 (0.75 + 0.82 + 0.93); IV 2.78 (0.79 + 0.94 + 1.05). Palp ( Figs 11 C–G, 13A–C): femur and patella without modifications; cymbium oval ( Fig. 13C ); tegulum with thick lobe curved to prolateral side ( Figs 11C , 13A ); embolus shaft (e) strongly arched to prolateral side, with tip retrolaterally projected ( Fig. 13A ); embolic filament (ef) short, with nearly half the length of embolus shaft ( Fig. 13A ). Color in alcohol ( Figs 11 A–B): cephalic area black; thoracic area brown with pale longitudinal stripe; abdomen dorsally variegated with brown, and with a pale longitudinal stripe bearing white setae; ventrally pale with posterior portion dark; legs pale.

Description. Female paratype (UFMG 14887). Total length: 2.95. Carapace 1.40 long, 0.97 wide and 0.67 high. Ocular quadrangle 0.68 long. Anterior eye row 1.02 wide, posterior 0.90 wide. Legs 4312. Length of leg: I 2.18 (0.71 + 0.82 + 0.65); II 2.06 (0.66 + 0.76 + 0.64); III 2.50 (0.79 + 0.86 + 0.85); IV 2.88 (0.81+ 0.99 + 1.08). Epigyne/vulva ( Figs 12 C–D, 13D: copulatory openings separated by about two diameters of copulatory duct; spermathecae kidney-shaped; fertilization ducts anteriorly placed and laterally projected. Color in alcohol ( Figs 12 A–B): cephalic area black; thoracic area dark brown with a longitudinal light brown stripe; abdomen dorsally black with longitudinal interrupted pale stripe; ventrally pale; femora pale with black spots; other leg segments light brown with black spots.

Distribution. Known only from the type locality (state of Ceará, Brazil) ( Fig. 14 ).

Figures

FIGURE 11. Amphidraus araripe sp. nov. A–B male (A dorsal, B ventral); C–G left male palp (C bulb, ventral; D bulb, retrolateral; E tibia, ventral, F tibia, retrolateral; G tibia, dorsal). Abbreviations: dPED, distal process on embolic disc; e, embolus shaft; ef, embolic filament; ITA, intercalary tibial apophysis; RTA, retrolateral tibial apophysis; RvTA, retroventral tibial apophysis; TL, tegular lobe; vPED, ventral process on embolic disc. Black arrow in E shows the internal spike of ITA.

FIGURE 12. Amphidraus araripe sp. nov. A–B female (A dorsal, B ventral); C–D epigyne/vulva (C ventral, D dorsal). Abbreviations: cd, copulatory duct; fd, fertilization duct; gl, gland; S spermatheca. White arrow in C shows copulatory opening.

FIGURE 13. Amphidraus araripe sp. nov., left male palp (A ventral, B retrolateral, C dorsal, after bulb removal). D epigyne/ vulva, ventral. Abbreviations: cc, cymbial conductor; cd, copulatory duct; co, copulatory opening. Cy, cymbium; dPED, distal process on embolic disc; e, embolus shaft; ed, embolic disc; ef, embolic filament; fd, fertilization duct; gl, gland; ITA, intercalary tibial apophysis; RTA, retrolateral tibial apophysis; RvTA, retroventral tibial apophysis; S, spermatheca; TL, tegular lobe; vPEd, ventral process on embolic disc.

FIGURE 14. Map of northern/northeastern Brazil showing records of Amphidraus araripe, A. boomerang, A. cornipalpis and A. sacrificatus. White lines represent the borders of Brazilian states. Map modified from Google Earth ®.

FIGURE 16. Amphidraus manauara sp. nov. A–B female (A dorsal, B ventral); C–D epigyne/vulva (C ventral; D ventral, cleared). Abbreviations: co, copulatory opening; fd, fertilization duct; po, coupling pocket; S, spermatheca.

FIGURE 17. Amphidraus manauara sp. nov. A–C left male palp (A ventral; B dorsal; C retrolateral); D epigyne/vulva, cleared, ventral. Abbreviations: cc, cymbial conductor; cd, copulatory duct; co, copulatory opening; Cy, cymbium; dPED, distal process on embolic disc; e, embolus shaft; ed, embolic disc; ef, embolic filament; fd, fertilization duct; gl, gland; po, coupling pocket; RTA, retrolateral tibial apophysis; RvTA, retroventral tibial apophysis; S, spermatheca; T, tegulum; TL, tegular lobe; vPED, ventral process on embolic disc.