Alpheus galapagensis Sivertsen, 1933

Anker, Arthur, Hurt, Carla & Knowlton, Nancy, 2007, Revision of the Alpheus nuttingi (Schmitt) species complex (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae), with description of a new species from the tropical eastern Pacific, Zootaxa 1577 (1), pp. 41-60 : 47-50

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.1577.1.5

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2DF6B6E7-0509-4D92-8DD6-96768B2BBE93

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098298

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039787DD-2213-2804-BEDF-FCD4FB67F9D7

treatment provided by

Felipe

scientific name

Alpheus galapagensis Sivertsen, 1933
status

 

Alpheus galapagensis Sivertsen, 1933 View in CoL

Figs. 2 View FIGURE 2 , 5B View FIGURE 5 , 6B View FIGURE 6 , 7D–F View FIGURE 7 , 8B View FIGURE 8

Alpheus strenuus var. galapagensis Sivertsen, 1933: 3 View in CoL , pl. 1, figs. 1–5; Banner & Banner, 1982: 228.

Alpheus galapagensis View in CoL — Kim & Abele, 1988: 102, fig. 43; Wicksten & Hendrickx, 1992: 5; McClure & Wicksten, 2000: 968, fig. 3; Hickman & Zimmerman, 2000: 36; Wicksten & Hendrickx, 2003: 64.

Alpheus canalis Kim & Abele, 1988: 72 View in CoL , fig. 30; Villalobos Hiriart et al., 1989: 20; Ríos, 1989: 105, pl. 20; Ríos, 1992: 4; Flores-Hernández, 1991: 106; Lemaitre & Alvarez-Leon, 1992: 42; Wicksten & Hendrickx, 1992: 4; Hernández Aguilera & Martínez Guzman, 1992: 4; Hendrickx, 1992: 9; Hendrickx, 1993a: 306; Hendrickx, 1993b: 6; Hendrickx, 1995: 432; Camacho, 1996: 80; Vargas & Cortés, 1999: 899; Villalobos, 2000: 43, fig. 21; McClure & Wicksten, 2000: 968, fig. 3 (part., not fig. 3H).

Alpheus canalis View in CoL sp-a— Knowlton & Mills, 1992: 2.

Alpheus canalis View in CoL sp. a— Knowlton et al., 1993: 1630.

Alpheus canalis View in CoL “orange” – Williams et al., 2001: 377.

Alpheus canalis “orange antennae” —Williams et al., 2001: 385.

Alpheus cryptodentatus Christoffersen & Ramos, 1988: 61 , figs. 1, 2.

Material examined.— Panama: 1 male, USNM 1100683 About USNM , Las Perlas, small island facing Contadora , rocky intertidal, under rocks on coarse sand, extreme low tide, coll. A. Anker, C. Hurt, E. Gómez, J. Jara and E. Tóth, 31 Mar 2006 [fcn 06-382] ; 1 male, 1 ovig. female, MNHN-Na 16367, Amador, Punta Culebra , rocky intertidal, under large rocks on sand, low tide, coll. A. Anker and C. Hurt, 2 Mar 2006 [fcn 06-284] ; 1 male, USNM 1100684 About USNM , same collection data as previous specimen [fcn 06-301]; 1 ovig. female, MNHN-Na 16367, same collection data as previous specimen [fcn 06-286] ; 1 male, 1 ovig. female, MNHN-Na 16368, Río Mar , intertidal, under rocks on silt/sand, low tide, coll. A. Anker, C. Hurt, J. Jara and E. Gómez, 3 Mar 2006 [fcn 06-298]; 1 ovig. female, USNM 1100685 About USNM , same collection data as previous specimen [fcn 06-256] ; 1 male, OUMNH-ZC 2006-10 - 0005 , Pacific coast of Panama near Panama City, rocky intertidal, coll. J. Jara, Jan 2006 [fcn 06-285] ; 1 female, UP, Amador Causeway, Isla Naos, Punta Culebra , under rocks at low tide, coll. A. Anker and I. Marin, 17 Apr 2004 [fcn 07-123] . Costa Rica: 1 male, 1 ovig. female, MNHN-Na 16384, Punta Morales, Playa Blanca , rocky intertidal, under oyster-covered rocks on coarse sand, low tide, coll. A. Anker, 22 Nov 2005 [fcn 05-145] .

Description.—For complete description see Sivertsen (1933), Kim & Abele (1988, as A. canalis ), Christoffersen & Ramos (1988, as A. cryptodentatus ) and McClure & Wicksten (2000).

Size.—The largest examined male from Panama (fcn 06-284) is 13.2 mm CL and 40.0 mm TL. Kim & Abele (1988) gave the size range for their specimens as following: males, 5.8–15.1 mm CL; females, 5.2–14.1 mm CL; ovigerous females, 6.1–15.0 mm CL.

Color.—Body greenish (combination of reddish and bluish chromatophores) speckled with numerous pale yellow dots or small yellowish spots, most of them isolated and not interconnecting; flanks of carapace dull greenish or whitish; legs reddish with some spots and white patches marking articulations; third and fourth abdominal somite usually with a pair of minute dark dorsolateral spots; fifth somite usually with one minute brown mediodorsal spot; major and minor chelae mesially greenish-brown with numerous whitish or pale bluish spots and dots, most isolated, not interconnecting; large yellow areas marking palmar depressions in larger specimens; dactylus of major chela pinkish distally; antennular and antennal flagella pale orange ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 , 7D–F View FIGURE 7 ); ovigerous females with bright green eggs ( Fig. 8B View FIGURE 8 ). A similar color description was provided by Christoffersen & Ramos (1988, as A. cryptodentatus ); a color photograph of a specimen from Galapagos was published by Hickman & Zimmerman (2000).

Type locality.—Floreana, Galapagos ( Sivertsen, 1933).

Distribution.—Eastern Pacific: from central Gulf of California through western Mexico, El Salvador, Costa Rica and Panama to Colombia and Galapagos ( Sivertsen, 1933; Kim & Abele, 1988; Christoffersen & Ramos, 1988; McClure & Wicksten, 2000; Villalobos, 2000; Wicksten & Hendrickx, 2003).

Ecology.— Alpheus galapagensis is a common snapping shrimp on the rocky and mixed rocky-sandy intertidal of the tropical eastern Pacific. It occurs on sand, mud, silt and rock bottoms, under rocks and rubble, in tidal lava pools, occasionally also in crevices of rocks and corals ( Villalobos, 2000; Wicksten & Hendrickx, 2003; present study). The depth range of this species extends from the mid-intertidal to about 15 m, exceptionally as deep as 37 m ( Villalobos, 2000). Some specimens were found under rocks together with fire worms ( Amphinomidae ), a facultative, protective association that is also observed in some other shallow water Alpheus species throughout the world (A. Anker, pers. obs.).

Remarks.— Alpheus galapagensis may be easily distinguished from both A. nuttingi and A. millsae , n. sp. (see description below) by the presence of a small spine on the ischium of the third pereiopod (see Kim & Abele, 1988, fig. 30j), and in life by the less densely spaced, usually rounded spots on the mesial face of the major claw (vs. more densely spaced, irregularly shaped and often interconnecting in the other two species, cf. Fig. 7 View FIGURE 7 ), and the orange antennal and antennular flagella (vs. blue in the other two species, cf. Fig. 7 View FIGURE 7 ) (see also Table 1). Like in A. nuttingi , the shape of the tooth on the mesioventral carina of the first segment of the antennular peduncle appears to be variable in A. galapagensis ; it may be blunt (cf. Kim & Abele, 1988, fig. 30c) or bear a minute acute point, as in some of the present specimens. The color of freshly-laid eggs (green in one photographed female of A. galapagensis , cf. Fig. 8B View FIGURE 8 ), if shown to be constant, may separate A. galapagensis from A. nuttingi , in which the eggs are orange (cf. Fig. 8B View FIGURE 8 ).

The synonymy of A. cryptodentatus with A. galapagensis , although very likely, needs confirmation by examination of the type specimens of A. cryptodentatus deposited in the collections of the Universidade Federal da Paraíba in João Pessoa, Brazil (UFPB).

GenBank number. — COI 5' EF092284 View Materials (fcn JJ-AC-28); COI 3' AF309883 View Materials (fcn 98-089) .

UP

University of Papua and New Guinea

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Malacostraca

Order

Decapoda

Family

Alpheidae

Genus

Alpheus

Loc

Alpheus galapagensis Sivertsen, 1933

Anker, Arthur, Hurt, Carla & Knowlton, Nancy 2007
2007
Loc

Alpheus canalis

Knowlton, N. & Weigt, L. A. & Solorzano, L. A. & Mills, D. K. & Bermingham, E. 1993: 1630
1993
Loc

Alpheus canalis

Knowlton, N. & Mills, D. K. 1992: 2
1992
Loc

Alpheus galapagensis

Wicksten, M. K. & Hendrickx, M. E. 2003: 64
McClure, M. R. & Wicksten, M. K. 2000: 968
Hickman, C. P. Jr. & Zimmerman, T. L. 2000: 36
Wicksten, M. K. & Hendrickx, M. E. 1992: 5
Kim, W. & Abele, L. G. 1988: 102
1988
Loc

Alpheus canalis

Villalobos, J. L. 2000: 43
McClure, M. R. & Wicksten, M. K. 2000: 968
Vargas, R. & Cortes, J. 1999: 899
Camacho, M. E. 1996: 80
Hendrickx, M. E. 1995: 432
Hendrickx, M. E. 1993: 306
Hendrickx, M. E. 1993: 6
Rios, R. 1992: 4
Lemaitre, R. & Alvarez-Leon, R. 1992: 42
Wicksten, M. K. & Hendrickx, M. E. 1992: 4
Hernandez Aguilera, J. L. & Martinez Guzman, L. A. 1992: 4
Hendrickx, M. E. 1992: 9
Flores-Hernandez, P. 1991: 106
Villalobos Hiriart, J. L. & Nates-Rodriguez, J. C. & Cantu Diaz-Barriga, A. & Valle Martinez, M. D. & Flores Hernandez, P. & Lira Fernandez, E. & Schmidtsdorf-Valencia, P. 1989: 20
Rios R. 1989: 105
Kim, W. & Abele, L. G. 1988: 72
1988
Loc

Alpheus cryptodentatus

Christoffersen, M. L. & Ramos, G. E. 1988: 61
1988
Loc

Alpheus strenuus var. galapagensis

Banner, D. M. & Banner, A. H. 1982: 228
Sivertsen, E. 1933: 3
1933
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