Allocosa marindia, Simó, Miguel, Lise, Arno A., Pompozzi, Gabriel & Laborda, Álvaro, 2017

Simó, Miguel, Lise, Arno A., Pompozzi, Gabriel & Laborda, Álvaro, 2017, On the taxonomy of southern South American species of the wolf spider genus Allocosa (Araneae: Lycosidae: Allocosinae), Zootaxa 4216 (3), pp. 261-278 : 263-264

Allocosa marindia sp. nov.

Figs 1 , 5 A–B, 6A–B, 7F, 8A, 9

Type material. Male holotype from Marindia (34°46'S, 55°49'W), Canelones, Uruguay, 20.XI.2007, A. Aisenberg leg. (FCE Ar 4760) . Paratypes: one female, same data (FCE Ar 4722). Two males and four females from Lagomar (34°50'S, 55°58'W), Canelones, Uruguay, 28.XI.2004, E. Álvares & M. Simó leg. (FCE Ar 2710).

Other material examined. Brazil. Río Grande do Sul. Cidreira (30°10'S, 50°12'W), 24.II.2003, J.A.M. Pinto leg., 2 females ( MCTP 16513 ) . Uruguay. Canelones. Lagomar (34°50'S, 55°58'W), 28.XI.2004, M. Simó & M. Viglioni leg., 1 male, 1 female, 3 immatures (FCE Ar 2711) ; ditto, M. Simó leg., 2 females (FCE Ar 7311) ; ditto, M. Simó & M. Viglioni leg., 1 female (FCE Ar 2705); Marindia (34°46'S, 55°49'W) , I.1992, 1 male (FCE Ar 2716); ditto, 21.XI.1996, 1 female (FCE Ar 2731) ; ditto, 18.X.1996, 1 female (FCE Ar 2732) ; ditto, 2.XI.1996, 1 male (FCE Ar 2736) ; ditto, I.1995, 5 females, 4 immatures (FCE Ar 6642), all collected by F. Costa ; 1.X.2007, 1 female (FCE Ar 6019); 1 male (FCE Ar 6020); 1 male (FCE Ar 6021); 20.XI.2007, 1 female (FCE Ar 6022); 1 male (FCE Ar 6023); 1 female (FCE Ar 6024); 1 male (FCE Ar 6025); 1 female (FCE Ar 6031); 1 male (FCE Ar 6032); 1 female (FCE Ar 6033); 28.XII.2007, 1 male (FCE Ar 6017); 1 female (FCE Ar 6018); 30.I.2008, 1 male (FCE Ar 6014); 1 female (FCE Ar 6015); 1 female (FCE Ar 6016), all collected by A. Aisenberg; 17.IV.2005, M. Simó leg., 1 female, 1 immature (FCE Ar 7306). Salinas (34°47'S, 55°49'W), 30.XII.2004, M. Simó leg., 1 female (FCE Ar 2704). Santa Ana (34°47'S, 55°27'W), 8.I.2005, M. Simó leg., 1 female (FCE Ar 2709). San José. Playa Pascual (34°45'S, 56°27'W), 3.III.2012, M. Simó leg., 3 males, 5 females (FCE Ar 4552) ; ditto, 1 female (FCE Ar 6080). Montevideo. Playa Carrasco (34°53'S, 56°03'W) , 5.I.2005, M. Simó leg., 4 females (FCE Ar 7269); Playa Mulata (34°53'S, 56°04'W), 17.II.2005, M. Simó leg., 1 female (FCE Ar 7309). Rocha. Barra de Chuy-La Coronilla (33°49'S, 53°27'W) , 24.I.2012, V. Mourglia leg., 1 female, 1 immature (FCE Ar 6624); La Coronilla (33°53'S, 53°30'W), 20.I.2003, 2 females (FCE Ar 2799). Santa Teresa (34°00'S, 53°31'W), 21.XI.2009, A. Laborda leg., 2 females (FCE Ar 2995).

Diagnosis. Females of A. marindia sp. nov. resembles A. alticeps by the presence of vulval chambers laterally projected, but differs by the more developed lateral pointed projections on the posterior margin of the epigynum ( Figs 1 E–F). Males differ from the same species by the terminal apophysis flattened and truncated at the apex ( Fig. 6 D).

Description. Male (Holotype FCE Ar 4760). Body densely covered with setae. Carapace beige with two brown longitudinal lines and cephalic area high. Ocular edges dark brown and ocular area brownish. Thoracic grooves narrow and dark. Chelicerae dark brown. Clypeus brownish with four median setae. Labium dark brown with truncated apex. Endites dark brown, convergent, with rounded apex. Sternum beige with darker edges, acuminate posteriorly. Legs yellowish. Opisthosoma yellowish, with conspicuous brown cardiac mark and posterior brown spots; laterally and ventrally yellowish. Spinnerets yellow, densely covered with dark setae. Anterior lateral spinnerets longer than the others. Total length 8.90. Carapace 4.30 long, 4.70 wide. Clypeus 0.20 high. Eye diameters and interdistances AME 0.20, ALE 0.15, PME 0.35, PLE 0.30, AME–AME 0.10, AME–ALE 0.05, PME–PME 0.30, PME–PLE 0.40, PLE–PLE 0.75. Chelicerae 2.30 long, with three promarginal teeth, the median the largest, and three retromarginal teeth, increasing in length from basal to apical. Opisthosoma 4.7 long, 3.5 wide. Leg formula IV/I/III/II; segment length: I femur 3.10/patella 1.50/tibia 2.70/ metatarsus 2.20/ tarsus 1.40/ total 10.90. II 2.70/1.40/2.30/2.10/1.20/9.70. III 3.0/1.30/2.0/2.20/1.40/9.90. IV 3.50/1.60/3.20/3.0/1.60/12.9. Leg spination: I, femur p1ap, d1-1-1, r1-1ap; patella p1; tibia p1-1, r1-1, v2-2 -2; metatarsus p1-1-2, r1-1-2, v2-2 - 1. II, femur p1-1, d1-1-1, r1-1; patella p1; tibia p1-1, r1, v1-1 -2; metatarsus p1-1-2, r1-1-2, v2-2 - 1. III, femur p1-1, d1-1- 1, r1-1; patella p1, r1; tibia p1-1, d1, r1-1, v2-1 -2; metatarsus p 1-1-2, r1-1-2, v2-2 - 1. IV, femur p1ap, d1-1-1, r1-1; patella p1, r1; tibia p1-1, d1, r1-1, v2-1 -2; metatarsus p1-1-2, r1-1-2, v3-2 -1. Palpus: cymbium brownish, elongated, with two short and thick apical macrosetae. Terminal apophysis flattened, median apophysis with two curved projections ( Figs 1 A–D, 5A–B).

Female (Paratype FCE Ar 4722). As in male except for the following: chelicerae brown. Clypeus beige with four median setae. Total length 9.40. Carapace 4.10 long, 2.90 wide. Clypeus 0.10 high. Eye diameters and interdistances AME 0.20, ALE 0.15, PME 0.40, PLE 0.30, AME–AME 0.10, AME–ALE 0.05, PME–PME 0.3, PME–PLE 0.35, PLE–PLE 0.65. Chelicerae 2.0 long, with three promarginal teeth, the median the largest, and three retromarginal teeth, increasing in length from basal to apical. Opisthosoma 5.50 long, 3.8 wide. Leg formula IV/I/II/III; segment length: I femur 2.9/patella 1.40/tibia 2.30/ metatarsus 1.90/ tarsus 1.30/total 9.80. II 2.60/1.30/ 2.0/1.90/1.20/9.0 III 2.50/1.20/1.90/2.0/1.20/8.80. IV 3.20/1.60/2.70/2.90/1.60/12.0. Leg spination: I, femur p1ap, d1-1-1, r1-1; patella p1; tibia p1-1, r1-1, v2-2 -2; metatarsus p1-1-2, r1-1-2, v 2-2 - 1. II, femur p1-1, d1-1-1, r1-1; patella p1; tibia p1-1, r1, v2-1 -2; metatarsus p1-1-2, r1-1-2, v2-2 - 1. III, femur d1-1-1, p1-1, r1-1; patella p1, r1; tibia p1-1, d1, r1-1, v2-1 -2; metatarsus p1-1-2, r1-1-2, v2-2 - 1. IV, femur p1-1, d1-1-1, r1ap; patella p1, r1; tibia p1- 1, r1-1, v2-2 -2; metatarsus p1-1-2, r1-1-2, v3-2 -1. Palpus with conspicuous prolateral macrosetae on the patella, tibia and tarsus. Tarsal claw pectinated and well developed. Epigynum rather flat, with a setaceous plate. Copulatory openings small, situated laterally on the posterior margin of the epyginal plate ( Figs 1 E, 6A). Fertilization ducts curved and directed medially. Head of the spermathecae slightly rounded, with an apical proyection ( Figs 1 F, 6B).

Variation. Measurements, males (n=5): carapace length, 5.1–4.0; carapace width, 3.7–2.8; femur I length, 4.0– 2.9. Females (n=5): carapace length, 4.7–3.7; carapace width, 3.2–2.9; femur I length, 3.5–2.7.

Etymology. The specific epithet is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality, where, for a long time, several studies on Uruguayan wolf spiders have been developed.

Natural History. Several behavioural and ecological studies were developed on this species, which was identified as Allocosa alticeps . Allocosa marindia sp. nov. is simpatric and synchronic with A. senex , but present developmental and behavioural differences that result in reproductive isolation from the other species ( Costa 1995; Costa et al. 2006). Females and males construct burrows in the sand and the species show sex roles and sexual size dimorphism reversal ( Aisenberg & Costa 2008; Aisenberg & González 2011; Aisenberg 2014; Lerette et al. 2015). As reported for A. senex , males produce volatile pheromones ( Aisenberg et al. 2010a) and sexual dimorphism on chelicerae, forelegs and palpal traits has been reported ( Aisenberg et al. 2010b). The species lives in sandy coast (Costa 2014; Costa & Simó 2014; Aisenberg et al. 2011b) and is mainly found in areas more densely covered by psammophile vegetation, compared to A. senex (M. Simó, pers. obs.). The diet is varied, including mainly other spiders, Diptera and Hymenoptera and predation by A. senex was reported ( Aisenberg et al. 2009).

Distribution. Southern Uruguay and coastal Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil ( Fig. 9 ).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Allocosa marindia sp. nov. A – C, male left palp. A, ventral view. B, prolateral view. C, retrolateral view. D, close up of the bulb, ventral view. E – F, epigynum. E, ventral view. F, dorsal view. Scales. A, B, C: 0.5 mm; D, E: 0.25 mm. Abbreviations: CO: copulatory opening; FD: fertilization duct; HS: head of the spermatheca; MA: median apophysis; PR: palea region; TA: terminal apophysis; VC: vulval chamber.

FIGURE 5. Structures of male palpus. Allocosa marindia sp. nov.: A, bulb, ventral view; B, apical macrosetae. Allocosa senex (Mello-Leitão): C, bulb, ventral view; D, apical macrosetae. Allocosa alticeps (Mello-Leitão): E, bulb, ventral view; F, apical macrosetae. Abbreviations: MA: median apophysis; PR: palea region; ST: subtegulum; TA: terminal apophysis.

FIGURE 6. Structures of female genitalia. Allocosa marindia sp. nov.: A, epigynum, ventral view; B, rigth spermatheca. Allocosa senex (Mello-Leitão): C, epigynum, ventral view; D, rigth spermatheca. Allocosa alticeps (Mello-Leitão): E, epigynum, ventral view; F, rigth spermatheca. Abbreviations: CO: copulatory opening; HS: head of the spermatheca; SS: stalk of the spermatheca; VC: vulval chamber.

FIGURE 9. Distribution records of Allocosa marindia sp. nov., Allocosa brasiliensis (Petrunkevitch), Allocosa senex (Mello- Leitão) and Allocosa alticeps (Mello-Leitão).