Adesmia pimpinellifolia (Poir.) Cobra

Monteiro, Thiago Cobra E, Iganci, João Ricardo Vieira, Miotto, Silvia Teresinha Sfoggia, Simpson, Beryl B., Vatanparast, Mohammad, Lewis, Gwilym P., Klitgård, Bente B., Pezzini, Flávia Fonseca, Vargas, Oscar M. & Fortuna-Perez, Ana Paula, 2024, Towards a Monophyletic Infrageneric Circumscription of Adesmia DC. (Dalbergieae, Leguminosae): a Taxonomic Revision in Adesmia series Adesmia, Phytotaxa 639 (1), pp. 1-69 : 44-45

13. Adesmia pimpinellifolia (Poir.) Cobra , nov. comb.

Type :— PERU. s.d., {fl./fr.}, Dombey, J. s.n. (holotype: P barcode P02936932 [photo]!) .

≡ Hedysarum pimpinellifolium Poir., Encycl. [J. Lamarck & al.] 6(2): 447 (1805).

≡ Patagonium muricatum var. pimpinellifolium (Poir.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(3): 70 (1898).

≡ Adesmia muricata var. pimpinellifolia (Poir.) Burkart, Darwiniana 3(2): 326 (1939).

= Aeschynomene dentata Lag., Gen. Sp. Pl. [Lagasca] 22 (1816). syn. nov.

Type:—habitat in Amer. meridionali, Hb. DC., 1807, {fr.}, Lagasca, M. 64 (holotype: G-DC; negative of the holotype: F 6963 [photo!]) .

≡ Adesmia dentata (Lag.) DC., Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris) 4: 95 (1825a).

≡ Adesmia muricata var. dentata (Lag.) Benth. , 15(1): 54, t. 11, Fig. 3 (1859).

≡ Patagonium dentatum (Lag.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 200 (1891).

= Patagonium grandidentatum Rusby, Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 6(1): 24 (1896).

Type:— BOLIVIA. Cochabamba:1891, {fr.}, Bang , M.1012 (holotype: NY, isotypes: K barcode K000222473 !; BM barcode BM000931722 [photo!]; E barcode E00570100 [photo!]) .

Ascendant to erect subshrubs, adventitious roots from stem branch nodes absent. Stem pilose to pubescent, with white tector hairs and short ochraceous glandular setules intermixed on all plant parts. Stipules 1–3× 1–3 mm, lanceolate to deltate, pubescent to glabrous. Leaves with (4–)6–8(–11) pairs of leaflets; petiole 0.3–1.8 cm long, rachis 0.6–4.5 cm long, pubescent to glabrescent; leaflets 3–15× 3–8 mm, wide-elliptic to oboVate, apex rounded, base acute to rounded, margin dentate to lobed, pubescent to glabrescent on both surfaces. Racemes terminal or rarely axillary, an axillary flower common at the inflorescence base, 5–50 cm long, pubescent to glabrescent; bracts 1–3 mm long, deltate to lanceolate, glabrescent to glabrous; pedicel straight or reflexed after anthesis, 2–12 mm long, pubescent. Flowers 8–10 mm long; calyx 4–5 mm long, externally pilose to pubescent, internally hirsute with white tector hairs; lobes 1–3 mm long, narrowlY triangular to triangular; standard petal straight or reflexed, 8–9× 6–8 mm, flabelliform, apex retuse to obtuse, externallY pubescent; claw 3–4× 0.8–1.3 mm, internallY pubescent; wing petals 7–9× 2–3 mm, oboVate, claw 2–3 mm long; keel petals 7–8× 3–4 mm, falcate, claw 2–3 mm long; stamens 6–8 mm long, anthers elliptical to orbicular; gynoecium 8–10 mm long, ovary 3.5–5 mm long, pubescent, (5–)8–9(–10)-ovulate. Hemicraspedium 13–33 mm long, straight, light brownish, pilose to pubescent, stiff ochraceous setules at the centre of each article, fruit with (4–)6–8(–10) articles, these 2–3× 2–3 mm, orbicular. Seeds speckled brownish to black, 1–1.3× 1–1.3 mm, orbicular to reniform, without an aril. ( Figure 23 ).

Distribution and Habitat— Adesmia pimpinellifolia occurs in northern Argentina, Bolivia, and Peru ( Fig. 24 ), always near the Andean mountains between 230–3200 m. The species occurs generally in high elevation vegetation formations, such as semi-arid shrublands, but is also reported to occur along riversides and in swamplands with clay soils.

Phenology— The species bears flowers and fruits throughout the year, more intensely from October to April.

Conservation status— Least Concern (LC). The species is well distributed in three countries of South America, with an EOO of 1.024. 567,362 km ² and an AOO estimated at 48 km ². It occurs widely across the central Andes, with many known locations and minimal threat to its overall habitat.

Etymology— Poiret (1804) referred to the distinct shape of the leaflets which resemble those of the genus Pimpinella Linnaeus (1753: 263) .

Notes— Adesmia pimpinellifolia is a highly polymorphic species, presenting dentate to lobed leaflets. However, the species is distinguished from A. gilliesii , its closest related species, by the larger leaflets (3–8 mm wide), with less asymmetric lobes ( Fig. 23 ) (vs. leaflets 1–4 mm wide, with strongly asymmetric lobes in A. gilliesii ).

Poiret (1804) described Hedysarum pimpinellifolium based on material from Peru collected by Dombey. The species was reduced to a variety of A. muricata by Burkart ( Burkart 1939), and later synonymized under A. muricata var. dentata ( Burkart 1954) . Even though the flowers and fruits of the Adesmia muricata “complex” are uniform, A. pimpinellifolia has larger and lobed (rarely only dentate) leaflets, as well as a distinct distribution in comparison with A. muricata (which is exclusive to the Pampas). Following principles III and IV of the Nomenclatural Code ( Turland et al. 2018), Adesmia pimpinellifolia has priority over A. dentata because it was published earlier.

Additional Specimens Examined — ARGENTINA. 1878, Grisebach , A. H. R . s/n ( K). SANTIAGO DEL ESTERO: Moreno , La Paloma, 06 October 1971, Pedersen, T. M . 9872 ( MBM 24072 ) . JUJUY: Santa Bárbara, Ruta 23, a 12 km NW de El Fuerte, 19 January 2002, Seijo, J. G . et al. 2769 ( MBM 280415 ) . LA RIOJA: General Belgrano, Sierra de los Llanos (falda E), Dique de Olta , 25 November 1959, Hunziker, A. T . 14460 ( MBM 377207 ) . SALTA: Chicoana, Quebr. de Escoipe, Finca Cerro Gordo o Agua Colorada , Ruta 33, km 15 entre Los Laurales y Chorro Blanco, propriedade Dr. Silvano Locatelli, 06 December 2003, Novara, L. J . et al. 11984 ( ASU 0010827 ) . TUCUMAN: Bunoyoco , El Puestito, s/d, Venturi , S . 7348 (K). BOLÍVIA. CHUQUISACA: Sucre , 02 April 2007, Dunchen, P . 265 ( K). Chuquisaca, ca. 3 km from Sucre towards Tarabuco , 19 December 1993, Wood, J. R. I . 7726 (K). LA PAZ: Murillo, hills along west side of Alto Seguecoma , 01 March 1986, Solomon, A. C . 15038 ( MBM 124992 ) . POTOSÍ: Charcas, Toro Toro, Patio del campamento del Parque Toro Toro , 26 Feb 2003, Wood, J. R. I . et al. 19234 (K). TARIJA: Entre Rios, Cercado, Piedra plana, ca. 38 km de Tarija sobre la cratera hacia Entre Ríos , bajando del Cuesta del Condor hacia Piedra plana, 10 March 2005, Mendoza, M . 1440 (K). PERU. ICA: Ullujalla, Rio Seco con abundante vegetación nativa, 04 November 2006, Whaley, O . et al. 159 ( K). Lower Rio Ica, Ullujaya west of river, central valley relic forest, 15 September 2006, Whaley, O . 151 (K).

Figures

FIGURE 3. Adesmia bicolor (Poir.) DC. A. Prostrate habit with adventitious roots from stem branch nodes. B. Persistent lanceolate stipules. C. Elliptic leaflet with an obtuse apex. D. Flower, pedicel up to 4 cm long. E. Calyx opened out, inner surface with pubescent indumentum with triangular lobes, shorter than the tube. F. Corolla papilionaceous; standard petal with two stamens fused on its claw; claw internally pubescent at the medial portion; wing petals obovate; keel petals falcate. G. Stamens; slightly dilated base in one of them. H. Gynoecium; ovary pubescent. (Illustrated by Klei Souza; Voucher: Galvani, F.R. 665).

FIGURE 23. Adesmia pimpinellifolia (Poir.) Cobra. A. Part of a paripinnate leaf with opposite lobate leaflets. B. Part of a leaflet with a glabrescent abaxial surface and glandular trichomes at the tip of each lobe. C. Flower; calyx lobes shorter than the tube. D. Calyx externally pubescent with glandular and tector trichomes. E–F. Hemicraspedium; articles lenticular; stiff glandular trichomes with a black base at the centre of each article. (Voucher: A–D: Pedersen, T. M. 9872; E–F: Hunziker, A. T. 14460).

FIGURE 24. Geographical distribution of Adesmia pimpinellifolia (Poir.) Cobra.