Acrocyrtus zhujiensis, Xu, Guo-Liang, Pan, Zhi-Xiang & Zhang, Feng, 2013

Xu, Guo-Liang, Pan, Zhi-Xiang & Zhang, Feng, 2013, First record of Acrocyrtus Yosii, 1959 (Collemobla, Entomobryidae) from Chinese mainland, ZooKeys 260, pp. 1-16 : 2-6

Acrocyrtus zhujiensis sp. n. Figs 1-27, Table 1

Holotype.

♀ on slide, Shaoxin City, Zhuji Country, Dongbaihu, Zhejiang Province, CHINA, 29°34.18'N, 120°24.06'E, 3.X.2009, collection number S4014, collected by Zhi-Xiang Pan & Chen-Chong Si, deposited in Taizhou University.

Paratypes.

6 ♀ and 1 ♂ on slide and 10 in alcohol, same data as holotype. 4 paratypes (2 ♀ on slide and 2 in alcohol) deposited in School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University and others in School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, China.

Etymology.

Named after the type locality.

Description.

Body length up to 0.93 mm.

Colour pattern. Ground colour pale yellow, with a pair of dark patches present on lateral Abd. III. Violet pigment distributed on antennae and gradually darker towards tip. Eye patches dark (Fig. 1). Scales hyaline, oval to circular (Fig. 2), present on head, body tergites, ventral side of furcula; antennae, ventral tube and legs unscaled.

Head. Ommatidia 8+8, G and H smaller than others. Interocular chaetae as p, r, t, q, s, v; chaeta s smooth, chaetae r and v transformed to scales, chaetae p, t and q ciliate (Fig. 5). Antennae 1.5-2.4 times as long as cephalic diagonal. Antennal segmental ratio as I:II:III:IV = 1:1.3 –1.4:1.2–1.9:1.9– 3.1. Ant. I with 3 dorsal and 3 ventral basal spiny mic (Fig. 6). Ant. II with 4 basal tiny spiny mic, 1 distal rod-like and 12-15 normal S-chaetae (Fig. 7). Ant. III organ with 2 rod-like S-chaetae (Fig. 8). Ant. IV without apical bulb. Anterior part of head with many long, ciliate chaetae but not claviform (Fig. 5). Prelabral and labral chaetae as 4/5, 5, 4, prelabrals ciliate and others smooth, labral intrusion V-shaped, chaetae of c-row thicker than those in other rows; labral margin with 4 conical papillae (Fig. 3). Clypeal chaetae as 3-1-4, without scales between them (Fig. 9). Cervical chaetae as 16 spiny chaetae, lateral two slightly longer than others (Fig. 10). Subapical chaeta of maxillary outer lobe subequal to apical one, 3 smooth sublobal hairs on sublobal plate. Labial palp with 5 papillae as A–E, respectively with 0, 5, 0, 4, 4 guard chaetae; lateral process (l.p.) of labial palp straight, thick and blunt with tip not reaching apex of papilla E. Chaetotaxy of labial base as M1M2REL1L2, all ciliate, chaeta R shorter than others (Fig. 11). Chaetal row along labial groove with 3 ciliate chaetae, and other postlabial chaetae ciliate (Fig. 12). Mandible with 4+5 (left+right) teeth (Fig. 3).

Leg. Coxae: I, with 7 ciliate mac and 2 pseudopores; II, with 7-8 ciliate mac in the anterior row, 8-11 ciliate mac in the posterior row and 3 pseudopores; III, with 9-11 ciliate mac and 2 pseudopores (Fig. 13). Trochanteral organ with 12-17 smooth spines (1-2 inner) (Fig. 14). Unguis with 4 inner teeth (paired ones at 1/3, middle one at 2/3 and apical one at 3/4 distance from base), 2 lateral teeth (at 1/4 distance from base) and 1 outer tooth (at 1/5 distance from base). Unguiculus slender and truncate with outer edge serrate. Tenent hair clavate, subequal to inner edge of unguis in length, and slightly longer than unguiculus. A distal smooth chaeta on tibiotarsus III subequal to unguiculus in length (Fig. 15).

Ventral tube. Anterior face with 14+14 ciliate chaetae; posterior face without smooth chaeta (Fig. 16); lateral flap with 6-8 smooth and 2-4 ciliate chaetae (Fig. 17).

Furcula. Manubrial plaque with 2-3 inner, 4-6 outer ciliate chaetae and 2 pseudopores. Dental tubercles conically pointed (Figs 4, 18). Ventral terminal manubrium with 2+2 ciliate chaetae (Fig. 19). Distal smooth part of dentes 2.1-2.5 times as long as mucro. Mucro bidentate, mucronal basal spine reaching subapical tooth with an accessory spinelet (Fig. 20).

Chaetotaxy. Dorsal cephalic mac as R0R1R2STP0; R1s absent. Body mac as 00/0100+3, S-chaetae as 21/11253, ms as 10/10100. Th. II slightly protruded over head, with 1-2 rows of ciliate “collar” mac, 2 antero-lateral S-chaetae (ms external to another S-chaeta), 6 (p1-6) smooth mic and 5 anterior unclear homology smooth mic (Fig. 21). Th. III with 1 S-chaeta external to m7; 15 (a1-4, a6, m2, m4-6 and p1-6) smooth mic, 3 (a7, m7 and m7e) ciliate mac and a lateral unclear homology ciliate chaeta (Fig. 22). Abd. I with 1 ms, 12 (a1-3, a5-6, m2-6 and p5-6) smooth mic and 2 lateral unclear homology ciliate chaetae (Fig. 23). Abd. II with 1 central S-chaeta (as), 1 (a2) ciliate mic, 13 (a3, a6-7, m3e, m4, m6-7, p4-7, p5p and el) smooth mic, 1 ciliate and slightly modified mic (mi), 2 (Lm and Li) ciliate, modified and fan-shaped mic, 2 (m3 and m5) ciliate mac; chaetae a2p and ml absent (Fig. 24). Abd. III with 1 central S-chaeta (as) and 1 lateral ms, 5 (mi, ml, a2, im, em and am6; ml sometimes present on one side) ciliate and slightly modified mic, 4 (Li, Lm, Ll and a6) strongly modified and fan-shaped mic, 8 (a3, a7, m3, m7, p3-5 and p7) smooth and subequal mic, 3 (pm6, m7a and p6) ciliate mac (Fig. 25). Abd. IV with 1 anterior (as) and 1 posterior (ps) short S-chaetae and 3 median elongate S-chaetae, 22 (A2-6, B2-3, Be2, C1-4, T1, T3, T5-6, Te3, D2-3, D1p, E1 and Fe1) smooth mic, 2 (C1p and T7) ciliate mic, 6 (m, a, s, D1, pi and pe) ciliate, strongly modified and fan-shaped mic, 13 (B4-6, De1, De3, D3p, E2-4, F2-3, F3p2, Fe4 and Fe6) ciliate mac, 4(E4p, E4p2, F2p and F3p2) mic (Fig. 26). Abd. V with 3 S-chaetae (Fig. 27).

Ecology.

In the leaf litter of Cunninghamia lanceolata , Cinamomum camphora along a lake.

Remarks.

This new species is characterized by colour pattern, clavate tenent hair, unscaled appendages (antennae, legs and ventral tube), 4 conical labral papillae, ventral tube with ciliate chaetae present on lateral flap and without smooth chaeta on posterior side, and ciliate mic a2 on Abd. II.

It is similar to Vietnamese Acrocyrtus baii Nguyen, 2005 in clavate tenent hair, claw, unscaled appendages (antennae and ventral tube). However, it can be easily distinguished from it by pigment absent on Th. II–III and Abd. II (versus present), ciliate labial chaetae EL1L2 (versus smooth), M1 subequal to M2 on labial base (versus M1 smaller than M2), absence of smooth chaetae on posterior face of ventral tube (versus 1+1 smooth chaetae) and unscaled legs (versus scaled).