Acnephalomyia andrenoides ( Wiedemann, 1828 ), 2010

Londt, Jason G. H., 2010, A review of Afrotropical Acnephalum Macquart, 1838, including the reinstatement of Sporadothrix Hermann, 1907 and descriptions of two new genera (Diptera: Asilidae: Stenopogoninae), African Invertebrates 51 (2), pp. 431-482 : 439-440

Acnephalomyia andrenoides ( Wiedemann, 1828) comb. n.

Figs 1 , 7 , 13, 15, 20 , 24–34 , 65

Dasypogon andrenoides: Wiedemann 1828: 403 .

Dasypogon quadratus Wiedemann, 1828: 404 . Syn. n.

Acnephalum punctipennis Macquart, 1855: 71 ; Kertesz 1909: 88 (catalogue); Hull 1962: 192. Syn. n.

Acnephalum andrenoides: Hermann 1907: 8 ; Kertesz 1909: 87 (catalogue); Curran 1934: 5–6; Hull 1962: 192, figs 140 (antenna), 524 (wing), 1032, 1044 (head); Oldroyd 1974: 27; 1981: 359 (catalogue).

Acnephalum quadratum: Kertesz 1909: 88 (catalogue); Curran 1934: 5–6; Hull 1962: 192, figs 1757–1759 (♂ terminalia); Oldroyd 1974: 27; 1981: 359 (catalogue).

Acnephalum cockerelli Curran, 1934: 5–6 ; Hull 1962: 192; Oldroyd 1974: 27; 1981: 359 (catalogue). Syn. n.

Sisyrnodytes sericeus Oldroyd, 1974: 72 ; 1981: 368. Syn. n.

Acnephalum sericeus: Londt 2009: 171 .

Redescription (Based chiefly on lectotype. Condition: Good; slightly dusty, and has a circular hole in the centre of the mesonotum, probably made by a pin at the time of mounting):

Head ( Fig. 13 ): Dark red-brown to black, white setose, slightly greasy (pruinescence not evident). Antenna ( Fig. 15 ): Uniformly orange-brown. Ratios of antennal segments 1.0:0.8:3.3:0.1:1.4 – scape and pedicel subequal in length, white setose except for pale translucent yellowish macrosetae (ventrally on scape, dorsally and ventrally on pedicel); setae of pedicel as long or longer than postpedicel; postpedicel almost twice as long as scape and pedicel combined; style 2-segmented, tipped with spine, subequal in length to scape and pedicel combined. Face dark red­brown to black, mystax fine white, covering entire face. Frons, vertex and postocular region dark red-brown to black, mostly long white setose (some pale yellowish postocular macrosetae dorsally); angle subtended by eye margins at level of frons/vertex c. 8° (i.e. weakly divergent). Proboscis orange-brown to dark red-brown, white setose, slightly downturned distally. Palpus 2-segmented, white and yellowish setose, second segment terminating in short distal projection.

Thorax: Dark red-brown to black except for orange-brown postpronotal and postalar lobes. Pronotum mostly fine white setose, but with transverse row of long yellowish macrosetae. Mesonotum mostly white setose, but with clumps of dull yellowish setae, mostly anteriorly. Lateral macrosetae poorly developed, rather shorts, pale yellow, mostly hidden among longish general body setae. Pleura largely asetose except for numerous, long, terminally wavy, white katatergals and dorsally situated anepisternals. Katepisternum asetose. Scutellum shiny black apruinose with moderately developed transverse subapical groove. About 16 moderately developed, yellowish apical macrosetae accompanied by slightly shorter, fine white setae; disc asetose. Legs: Mostly brown-orange, but parts of fem dark red-brown dorsally. Major setae erect yellowish, minor setae recumbent white. Ventral parts of tar and terminal end of tib short black setose. Claws black, long (about as long as tarsomere 5); empodia slender yellow, about half length of claws; pulvilli small (about one-third length of claws). Haltere pale yellow, base slightly darker. Wing ( Fig. 7 ): 7.3×3.0 mm. Veins brown-orange, membrane largely lacking microtrichiae (weakly present on cells bc, c, sc, iv, basally on r 1 and along anterior margin of br). Membrane pale brown stained proximally, gradually becoming somewhat translucent distally. Vein C extends around wing margin, terminating at A 1, R 4 with well-developed basal stump-vein, cell m 3 open.

Abdomen: Terga clearly broader than long, mostly dark red-brown to black, but narrowly orange-brown laterally. Orange-brown colour extends along posterior margins of more distally situated terga, progressively increasing in extent (T6 being almost entirely orange-brown). Terga apruinose and entirely pitted by setal sockets. Entire abdomen fringed laterally with long (as long as length of individual terga), whitish setae. White setae extend along distal margins of terga gradually becoming shorter medially. Large areas of terga appear asetose, but are covered with tiny blackish setae. Sterna orange-brown, finely gold pruinose, sparsely long white setose. Terminalia largely withdrawn between T6 and S6 and somewhat obscured by setae. Genitalia (based on the paralectotype male; Figs 24, 25 ): Epand reduced (much shorter than goncx), broadly rounded distally (not incised medially to form distinct lobes). Proc somewhat swollen in appearance and jutting out well beyond level achieved by epand (lateral view). Exterior lobe of goncx broadly rounded proximally, tapering to acutely pointed tip distally; interior lobe longish, jutting out to about same level as achieved by hypd, slightly downturned distally. Hypd somewhat truncate basally, tapering to narrowly rounded point distally.

Lectotype: SOUTH AFRICA: ♂ ‘ Capland / Krebs S. ’ [blue], ‘Type’ [orange], ‘Zool. Mus. / Berlin’ [cream] ( ZMHB).

Paralectotypes: 1♂ 1♀ similar data as lectotype, but ♀ has additional label ‘484’ ( ZMHB) .

Notes: Wiedemann did not designate a holotype so his specimens are considered syntypes. For taxonomic stability I here designate a lectotype and two paralectotypes. Wiedemann (1828) gave scant information regarding the provenance of his type specimens and merely states ‘Bom Kap’ (probably Von Kap = from Cape). He also indicates that the specimens are in the Berlin Museum and his collection. There are 5♀ specimens labelled as andrenoides types in NHMW which are simply labelled ‘Cap b. sp’. Although much of Wiedemann’s material ended up in NHMW I have no means of knowing whether these were available to Wiedemann and so I prefer to consider them as being without the type status.

Figures

Figs 1–5. Appearance of entire specimens: (1) Acnephalomyia andrenoides (Wiedemann, 1828) [lectotype ♂ Dasypogon quadratus Wiedemann, 1828]; (2) Afroholopogon futilis (Wulp, 1899) [lectotype ♂ Acnephalum futilis Wulp, 1899]; (3) Sporadothrix gracilis Hermann, 1907, ♂ from 65 km SE Noenieput; (4) Ammodaimon platythrix sp. n., holotype ♂; (5) Astiptomyia bikos sp. n., paratype ♀.

Figs 6–11. Wing venation (none removed from specimens): (6) Acnephalum olivierii Macquart, 1838, holotype; (7) Acnephalomyia andrenoides (Wiedemann, 1828), lectotype ♂ Dasypogon andrenoides Wiedemann, 1828 (the shadow in the region of the anal cell is a leg situated below the wing); (8) Acnephalomyia platygaster (Loew, 1858), ♂ from 60 km S Aus; (9) Sporadothrix gracilis Hermann, 1907, ♂ from 39 km WNW of Upington; (10) Ammodaimon platythrix sp. n., holotype ♂; (11) Astiptomyia bikos sp. n., paratype ♀.

Figs 12–23.(12, 13) Head in anterior view:(12) Acnephalum olivierii Macquart, 1838,holotype (dotted lines show angle subtended by frons/vertex); (13) Acnephalomyia andrenoides (Wiedemann, 1828), lectotype;(14–18)Antennae,lateral view:(14) A.olivierii holotype;(15) A.andrenoides lectotype; (16) Sporadothrix gracilis Hermann, 1907, ca 65 km SE Noenieput ♂; (17) Ammodaimon platythrix sp. n., holotype ♂; (18) Astiptomyia bikos sp. n., holotype; (19–23) Tarsomere 5 and associated structures: (19) A. olivierii holotype; (20) A. andrenoides lectotype; (21) Sporadothrix gracilis Hermann, 1907, ca 65 km SE Noenieput ♂; (22) Ammodaimon platythrix sp. n., holotype ♂; (23) Astiptomyia bikos sp. n., holotype. Scale lines = 1 mm.

Figs24–34.Acnephalomyia andrenoides (Wiedemann,1828) male terminalia:(24, 25) Paralectotype, lateral and ventral; (26–28) Acnephalum cockerelli Curran, 1934 holotype, lateral and ventral; (29–34) Hypandrial variation, (29) 56 km N Beaufort West, (30) Besemgoedkop 31 km N Sutherland, (31) 9 km SW Millowmore, (32) Grahamstown, (33) 5 km E Aus, (34) 72 km S Aus. Scale lines = 1 mm.

Fig. 65. Distribution of Acnephalomyia andrenoides (Wiedemann, 1828).