Acinopus (Acinopus) orszuliki, W & M, 2016

W, David & M, Boris, 2016, Four new species of genus Acinopus DEJEAN, 1821, subgenus Acinopus from southern Iran, from Sinai, and from western Saudi Arabia, and faunistic and taxonomic notes on species previously described (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Harpalini, Harpalina), Linzer biologische Beiträge 48 (2), pp. 1783-1806 : 1786-1794

Acinopus (Acinopus) orszuliki nov.sp. ( Figs 1 , 5, 6 , 13 , 17 )

T y p e m a t e r i a l: Holotype 6: " IRAN prov. Kerman / Sarbizhan 5.5.2010 / 140km S Kerman / lgt. Orszulik 2700m " (cWR). Paratypes: 466, 5♀♀: with the same data (cORSZ, cWR). 1266, 9♀♀: with the same data but " 4.5.2010 " and " 3100m " (cORSZ, cWR, MFNB, ZIN). 266, 1♀: " Iran (Kerman) / Babidan vill., W Radiabar / (Kuh-i- Lalazar) 2800 m / ca 50 km NW Dgirouft) / 28.III.2006 W. Heinz" (cWR). 466: " Iran (Kerman) / Babidan-vill. 2800 m / Heinz leg. 28.III.2006 ", "Kuh-i- Lalazar / W. Radiabar / ≈ 60 km NW Dgirouft" (cHZ, cWR). 1 ♀: "S IRAN, prov. Kermān, 2213 m / 45km NNE Sābsvārān (Jiroft) / N28°58’ E57°54’, 19.VII.2004 / leg. Petr Kabátek" (OUMNH). 266, 3 ♀♀: " Iran, Kerman, Mahan, Dareh / Bar, N30°05’54.1’’ / E057°24’49.1‘‘, 2503 m 18-03- / 2007 leg. R.F.F.L. Felix" (cFEL). 566, 5 ♀♀: " Iran, Kerman, Qal eh’Askar, halverwege dal, N29°36’04.5‘‘ / E056°40’31.2‘‘, 2502 m. / 22-03-2007 leg. R.F.F.L. Felix" (cFEL, cWR, MFNB). 2♀♀: " Iran, Kerman, Kuh e Lalehzan, / N29°32’13.2’’ E056°47’33.6‘‘, / 2830 m. 19-03-2007 / leg. R.F.F.L. Felix" (cFEL). 2♀♀: " Iran, Kerman, 2 km W Sirch, / N30°13’09.1 E057°27’21.7‘‘, / 2246 m. 17-03-2007 / leg. R.F.F.L. Felix" (cFEL). 16, 4♀♀: "IR Kerman / Qal’eh Askar / 22-III 2007 / Muilwijk leg" (cMUIL, cWR). 366, 2♀♀: "IR Kerman / Sirch env. / 17-III 2007 / Muilwijk leg" (cMUIL, cWR). 266, 1 ♀: IRAN (Kerman Prov., / Jiroft County) / Darb-e Behesht area / Sinabad, ca 2615 m / (75 km N Jiroft) / 29°14’00.99’’N / 57°20’25.51’’E / (orchard, pit fall traps) / 18.IV.- 8.VIII.2013 local collector" (cMUIL, cWR). 1♀: " IRAN 30 Km Z v / NEGAR 10-03-07 / VELDKAMP" (cVELD). 16, 1♀: "IR CAH MAHALI / BAKHTIYARI 31- / 3-07 VELDKAMP" (cVELD). 466, 2 ♀♀: IR SIRCH / 17-3-2007 / VELDKAMP" (cVELD, cWR). 16, 1♀: "IR HEMMAD ABAD / 40 Km O KERMAN / 18-3-07 VELDKAMP" (cVELD, cWR). 16, 1♀: " IRAN (Kerman Prov.) / Mahan SE Kerman 2500 m / N 29°53'34.1‘‘ / E 57°20'43.4‘‘ / (Artemisia -high-altitude steppe, under stones) / 1.VI.2014 Wrase & Laser [06]" (MFNB, cWR, * 1). " IRAN (Kerman Prov.) / Kūh-e Lālehzār / nr. Lālehzār vill. 3110-3300 m / N 29°28'35‘‘ / E 56°49'15‘‘ / (mountain steppe, / under stones) / 3.VI.2014 Wrase & Laser [09B]" (cWR, *). 466, 7 ♀♀: " Iran, Prov. Kerman, Kerman S. / Mahan, Artemisia -Hochsteppe / N29°53’34.1‘‘ E57°20’43.4‘‘ / 01.VI.2014 2500 m üNN / leg. A. Weigel IR 06 HF" (NME, cSCHN, cWEIG, cWR, *). 1 ♀: " Iran, Prov. Kerman, Kuh-e Lalehzar, / Lalehzar vill. Bachtal, N 29°57‘59‘‘ E 56°45‘74‘‘ / 03.VI.2014 3.400 müNN / leg. A. Weigel IR 09a HF" (cWEIG). 266: " IRAN (Kerman Prov.) / nr. Sirch vill. SE Kerman / 2560 m / N 30°10'56.4" / E 57°24'49.2" / (partly irrigated orchard, under stones, partly running at darkness) / 30.V.2014 Saeed Azadbakhsh [04]" (ZMAF, cAZAD, *). 16: " IRAN, Kerman Province / Bardsir-Baft road: / Qal’eh Askar, 2760m, N 29°30‘18‘‘ E 056°37‘47‘‘ / 06.05.2007, lg. Frisch & Serri" (MFNB). 1♀: " N 29°53‘34.1‘‘ / E 57°20‘43.4‘‘ / Iran, Prov. Kerman, Kerman S. / Mahan, Artemisia -Hochsteppe / 01.06.2014 2500m üNN / leg.: Schnitter IR 06 HF" (cSCHN, *). 2♀♀ "dat. 29.5.2014 Irán IR / Kerman prov. (Jabel Baref / Deh Bakri (Jass) / N28°59‘53‘‘ E57°54‘16‘‘ / lgt. Černý Fr. 2300 m.n.m" (cVON).

E t y m o l o g y: Latinized patronym based on the surname of Kamil Orszulik (Frýdec- Místek, Czech Republic), whose indefatigable efforts in the field contributed substantial numbers of Carabid beetles, very interesting or new to science.

D i a g n o s i s: A micropterous species of small to medium size for Acinopus , with excision of dorsal edge of right mandible (subgenus Acinopus ), dark rufopiceous or piceous (in mature condition), with appendages somewhat lighter, clypeus in general with one setiferous pore puncture at anterior angles, pronotum with anterior angles acutely pro-

1

An asterix (*) indicates syntopic occurrence with A. picipes (OLIV.) . truding, and with posterior angles obtuse-angled, moderately rounded at tip, somewhat directed backwards with base rectlinear between basal fovae, elytra longer or shorter cylindrical, fused at suture, hind wings hardly half as long as elytra, metepisterna relatively short, pro- and mesotarsi in males only indistinctly widened, apical lamella of median lobe short, about somewhat elongate-triangular (dorsal view). Habitus see Fig. 1.

D e s c r i p t i o n: Body length 12.0- 14.8 mm in males (holotype 14.4 mm), 11.9-15.5 mm in females; width 4.0- 5.3 in males (holotype 5.1 mm), 4.3-5.5 mm in females.

Colour: Lighter to darker rufo-piceous or piceous also in mature condition (never completely black, if dark always with a piceous ground colour), appendages somewhat lighter.

Head: wide (as normal in Acinopus ), only somewhat narrower than pronotum (PW/HW in males 1.16-1.28, average 1.22, in holotype 1.26; 1.23-1.29 in females, average 1.25), Eyes small and relatively flat, tempora oblique, as long as diameter of eye or somewhat shorter (dorsally seen), rectlinearly or weakly convexly converging to neck. Frontal fovae mostly small and shallow, sometimes elongately prolonged backwards. Disc with sparse, fine, and shallow puncturation, hardly visible, sometimes between frontal fovae more or less strongly wrinkled. Excision of dorsal lateral edge of right mandible somewhat variable in size and strength, moderately strong to shallow, basal angle of excision as a rule situated somewhat anterior to or somewhat behind level of anterior margin of clypeus (with mandibles closed). Labrum weakly incised at anterior margin, clypeus weakly and semicircularly incised, anterior angles with one setiferous pore puncture each (in one specimen from Sarbizhan as well as the strong, long seta with two additional short, fine setae at both sides). Mentum with a small tooth, submentum with one pair of long setae.

Pronotum ( Fig. 1 ): Transverse (PW/PL 1.30-1.44 in males, average 1.36, in holotype 1.44; in females 1.32-1.41, average 1.37), widest at about end of anterior third, there lateral seta inserted. Disc convex, area of posterior angles more or less strongly flattened in most specimens, anterior and posterior transverse impressions very shallow or only indicated, median line weakly impressed, mostly terminated anterior to transverse impressions. Basal foveae round or elongate, shallowly impressed, in some specimens only indicated. Anterior margin somewhat wider than posterior margin, only weakly excavate, anterior angles distinctly, acutely projecting forward, only narrowly rounded at tip in most specimens. Lateral gutter narrow, somewhat widened toward anterior angles. Sides moderately curved apicad, from widest point weakly convex, in some specimens almost rectlinearly narrowed toward posterior angles. Posterior angles obtuse-angled, moderately rounded at tip, more or less distinctly projecting backwards, base rectilinear between basal fovae in most specimens.

Elytra ( Fig. 1 ): Longer or shorter cylindrical (EL/EW in males 1.48-1.61, average 1.55, in holotype 1.52; in females 1.54-1.68, average 1.58), hardly wider or only somewhat wider than pronotum (EW/PW in males 1.01-1.11, average 1.08, in holotype 1.10; in females 1.07-1.21, average 1.14), fused at suture. On disc strongly convex, humeri distinctly developed, widely rounded at tip, without humeral tooth; toward behind somewhat convexely or almost parallely enlarged, widest somewhat behind middle. Basal bead weakly sinuate, arcuately curving inside humerus and weakly angled or round towards lateral margin. Scutellar pore puncture present, scutellar stria long. Striae fine, smooth or only weakly punctured, intervals flat or weakly convex, with a pore puncture in interval 3 at about beginning of apical fourth at or close to stria 2, sometimes lacking on one or both elytra. Interval 5 and 7 without pore punctures apically. Preapical sinuation only suggested.

Hind wings: Reduced, hardly half as long as elytra.

Ventral surface: Prosternum, proepisternum, anterior part of mesepisternum, and metepisternum with sparse, fine setae, prosternal process with long setae apically. Metepisternum relatively short, ratio of anterior margin/internal margin (visible parts) about 0.87, moderately narrowed behind. Abdominal sternites III-V with scattered setae of unequal length, some of them arranged in suggested transverse rows about at middle of sternites. Last sternite, beside some fine scattered setae with two pore punctures bearing a long seta on each side at apical margin in both sexes.

Legs: Normal for Acinopus species. Pro- and mesotarsi indistinctly dilated in males (only somewhat wider than in females), with pro- and mesotarsomere 2 to 4 only in apical half with biseriate adhesive vestiture. Ventroapical tubercle of protibia with about four to five spines, arranged in a transverse row. Spines of lower surface of fore tibia arranged in one row of about eight spines, often a second, internal row, somewhat irregular and consisting of spines lower in number. Outer distal margin of protibia with about seven to nine spines. Tarsi smooth on superior surface except obligatory setae.

Microsculpture of surface: Head and pronotum in males with weakly engraved somewhat irregular slightly transverse meshes, elytra with the same kind of meshes somewhat less strongly engraved and more confused as on the forebody, surface very shiny, in females meshes somewhat stronger engraved, surface less shiny.

Median lobe of aedeagus ( Figs 5, 6 ): Of normal construction for Acinopus species : terminal lamella somewhat elongate-triangular (dorsal view), and somewhat reflexed apically (lateral view), internal sac with a large, elongate group of about 40-50 mediumsized to small spines.

Female genitalia ( Fig. 13 ): Hemisternite asymmetrical, with numerous scattered setae in its internal, somewhat hyaline part. Gonocoxite 1 elongate, apically with numerous setae, gonocoxite 2 scoop-shaped, apically somewhat blunt, with a double-sensilla in a furrow, and with numerous fine long setae at concave side.

I n t r a s p e c i f i c v a r i a b i l i t y: All external characters have a great variability (as normal in Acinopus ), this concerns mainly the excision of the dorsal edge of the right mandible and its position (somewhat variable in size and strength, moderately strong to shallow, proximal (basal) angle of excision as a rule situated somewhat anterior to somewhat behind level of clypeus), the form of the pronotum, especially the construction of the anterior angles (distinctly, acutely projecting forward, only narrowly rounded at tip in most specimens, sometimes less distinctly projecting forward), the excavation of the base (distinctly excavate in most specimens, with posterior angles obtuse-angled, moderately rounded at tip, distinctly projecting backwards, sometimes less distinctly excavate with posterior angles less distinctly projecting backwards), and the form of the elytra (longer or shorter cylindrical), also the elytral pore puncture in interval 3 can be absent on one or both elytra. A variability in geographical aspect cannot be stated.

C o m p a r i s o n s: It's the combination of colour, the male pro- and mesotarsomeres only weakly enlarged, the labrum only weakly incised apically, the anterior pronotal angles distinctly, acutely projecting forward, the pronotal base excavate with posterior angles shifted backward, and by the hind wings reduced (and connected with that, the metepisterna short) make this species distinct from its congeners.

Easily distinguished from A. picipes (OLIVIER, 1795) , a species having been recorded syntopic with the new species, and A. laevigatus MÉNÉTRIÉS, 1832 , otherwise widely distributed in the Iran but not yet known from the Kerman Province, by its dark rufopiceous colour and the only indistinctly widened male pro- and mesotarsomes, by its pronotum with base distinctly excavate, with posterior angles less rounded at apex and somewhat directed backwards, and with anterior angles acutely protruding, and by its hind wings reduced. The latter two species are blackish in mature condition, have distinctly widened male pro- and mesotarsomes, a pronotum with base rectilinear, with posterior angles widely rounded, and with anterior angles less acutely protruding. Additionally, A. picipes has the excision of the right mandible close to the base.

Similar to A. sinaiticus nov.sp. in its body colour but this species has the male pro- and mesotarsomeres more strongly enlarged, the labrum distinctly incised apically, the anterior pronotal angles not as strong and less acutely projecting forward, the pronotum laterally anterior to the posterior angles somewhat sinuate and with its base more or less rectilinear, the elytra somewhat flattened, the hind wings fully developed (folded anterior to apex), and the metepisterna longer.

The new species differs distinctly from A. (Acinopus) zagrosensis AZADBAKHSH & WRASE, 2016 , recently described from the Zagros Mts. in western Iran, by its colour (lighter to darker rufo-piceous or piceous, in A. zagrosensis black), by the pronotal anterior angles distinctly, acutely projecting forward (in A. zagrosensis anterior angles only moderately and somewhat less acutely projecting forward), by the posterior angles obtuse-angled, only moderately rounded at tip (in A. zagrosensis widedy rounded at apex). While the new species has the hind wings only reduced on about half of the elytral lengths, A. zagrosensis has the hindwings reduced to only small scales. The external construction of the median lobe is similar in both species, but in A. orszuliki nov.sp. the internal sac has a larger group with spines more numerous (about 40-50), while in A. zagrosensis the group is smaller by spines less numerous (about 10 to 18, compare Figs 5, 6 with Fig. 2 in AZADBAKHSH & WRASE 2016: 585).

D i s t r i b u t i o n: Up to now only known from several localities in the mountainous regions of the Iranian Province of Kerman, in altitudinal ranges of about 2200 to 3400 m. Due to its inability to fly most likely a wider occurrence of A. orszuliki nov.sp. can be excluded.

H a b i t a t a n d b i o n o m i c n o t e s The specimens, collected by R. Felix and J. Muilwijk in the Kūh-e Lālehzār massif were found in a green, grassy valley partly covered by snow, with low shrubs, along a little stream and in a more open stony and grassy hillside also along this stream, the specimens from Mahan on poor, dry fields and field edges, while the specimens from Sirch and Qal eh’Askar were collected on grassland (R. Felix, pers. comm.). The specimens from Sinabad were found in an orchard by pit fall traps. Finally, the specimens, recently collected by S. Azadbakhsh, B. Laser, P. Schnitter, A. Weigel, and D.W. Wrase (see above under types), were taken in daytime in Artemisia -high-altitude steppes ( Fig. 17 ) and in an orchard, mainly from under stones, or running around at darkness.

Interestingly, the series of Acinopus species from the Kerman Province we could examine, collected in March to middle of May, contained only two specimens of A. picipes (Golmalek nr. Dehbakry, ca 55 km N Jiroft, 26.III.2006, W. Heinz leg., 1 male, cHZ; Jiroft, Anbar-Abad, 1.-18.V.1956, W. Richter leg., 1 female, cWR), contrary, in findings from May 30 to June 7 the series comprised mainly A. picipes (often in more or less immature condition) and only a few specimens of the new species, the latter often with strongly worn tibiae and tarsi, also with lacking parts of the appendages, one specimen was found dead, so seemingly both species which could be registered syntopic in three localities, share the same localities, with A. orszuliki nov. spec. as the species earlier appearing, and disappearing when A. picipes emerges as adults.

Figures

Figs 1-4: Acinopus DEJEAN, 1821. Habitus. (1) A. orszuliki nov.sp. (male paratype, type locality). (2) A. sinaiticus nov.sp. (male paratype, Mt. Katherine). (3) A. brittoni nov.sp. (female paratype, type locality). (4) A. arabicus nov.sp. (male paratype, type locality).

Figs 5-8: Acinopus DEJEAN, 1821. Median lobe of male. (5, 6) A. orszuliki nov.sp. (5) Lateral view (holotype). (6) dorsal view (paratype, type locality). (7, 8) A. sinaiticus nov.sp. (7) Lateral view (holotype). (8) dorsal view (paratype, Mt. Katherine). Scale bar: 1.6 mm.

Figs 13-16: Acinopus DEJEAN, 1821. Female genitalia, (right hemisternite, gonocoxite1, 2, ventral view). (13) A. orszuliki nov.sp. (paratype, type locality). (14) A. sinaiticus nov.sp. (paratype, Mt. Katherine). (15) A. brittoni nov.sp. (paratype, type locality). (16) A. arabicus nov.sp. (paratype, type locality). Scale bar: 1.0 mm.

Fig. 17: One of the localities where A. orszuliki nov.sp. was found (Mahan, SE Kerman, 2500 m, Artemisia-high-altitude steppe).