A conspectus of the native and naturalized species of Nephrolepis (Nephrolepidaceae) in the world
Hovenkamp PH
Miyamoto F
Blumea
2005
50
279
322
4722Q
(L.) Schott
Schott
L.
Polypodiopsida
Nephrolepidaceae
Nephrolepis
Plantae
Polypodiales
21
300
Tracheophyta
species
exaltata
Habit, rhizome morphology. Plants epiphytic or terrestrial (less often epilithic), forming tufts of 4 or 5 fronds. Runners 0.2-1.5 mmthick. Scales on runners sparse, spreading. Tubers absent. Fronds 40-150 by 5-12 cm,stipe 2-39 cmlong. Lamina base strongly reduced, tapering over 20-25 cm,basal pinnae 0.6-3 cmlong, 2-2.5 cmdistant, middle pinnae slightly to distinctly falcate. Sterile pinnae 2.3-7.4 by 0.6-1.8 cm,herbaceous, thick, base slightly to strongly unequal, basiscopic base truncate, rounded to cordate, acroscopic base truncate, distinctly auricled, margin in basal part entire or crenate, towards apex more deeply serrate or dentate, apex obtuse or acute. Fertile pinnae 2.3-5.9 by 0.6-1.5 cm,otherwise similar to sterile ones. Indument. Basal scales peltate, spreading, 2-9 by 0.4-1.3 mm,central part light brown or dark brown, dull, margin not hyaline, in basal part entire, denticulate or dentate, in acumen entire or denticulate, marginal glands absent. Rachis scales with a well-developed protracted acumen. Scales on lamina sometimes present. Hairs on lamina absent, on costae absent. Sorisubmarginal or medial, 9-16 pairs on fully fertile pinnae, round or elongated, not impressed. Indusium reniform, with open sinus, attached at sinus or at broad base.
Distribution - Florida, the Bahamas, Turks & Caicos, Cuba, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, Jamaica, Mexico (Veracruz only), Bermuda, Panama, French Guyana (one specimen seen), Hawaii. The occurrence on Henderson and Rapareported by Brown & Brown (1931) is so far not confrmed.
Habitat & Ecology - Occurs in a variety of habitats, at low to middle elevations (sea level to 1170 m).
Map 6. Distribution of Nephrolepis exaltata ( L.) Schott(continuous line), N. pendula ( Raddi) J.Sm.(broken line) and N. rivularis ( Vahl) Mett. ex Krug(dotted line).
Notes- Nephrolepis exaltatais supposed to be the source for N. 'bostoniensis'and all cultivars derived from it, which are widely cultivated. The name has been widely, and mistakenly, applied to specimens from all over the world. Introductions: contrary to what might be expected, N. exaltatadoes not seem to naturalize often outside its native range. Most of the naturalized occurrences concern islands in the Atlantic, and may be diffcult to distinguish from native occurrences. On the CanaryIslands,it is considered as an introduction by Hohenester& Wells (1993), but on Bermudaas native by Britton (1918). One collection was seen from St Helena( Packer HL10, Jamestown),where it is possibly introduced. Some specimens are apparently collected in the wild in Africa and are regarded as naturalized escapes by Verdcourt(2001). Specimens were collected on the HawaiianIslandsas early as 1788 ( David Nelson s.n., BM) 1825 ( Macraes.n., BM)and 1837 on Oahu( Barclay1227, BM),and N. exaltatashould be regarded as native there. Wagner et al. (1999) distinguished the Hawaiianpopulation as subsp. hawaiiensison basis of a comparison with the Caribbean population, but most of their distinguishing characteristics fall within the range of N. exaltataif the Floridaspecimens are taken into account.
923901110
2005-01-01
2005-12-31
2005-01-01
BM
Sloane s. n.
Jamaica
Jamaica
22
301
Type
923901114
2005-01-01
2005-12-31
2005-01-01
PRC
Meyen 1835
Mexico
Ouwahu
22
301
Type
923901104
2005-01-01
2005-12-31
2005-01-01
BM
Schiede 766 a
Mexico
Mexico
22
301
Type
923901125
2005-01-01
2005-12-31
2005-01-01
Meyen s. n.
Mexico
Hawaii
22
301
Hawaii
Type
923901115
2005-01-01
2005-12-31
2005-01-01
MICH
Wagner et al. 9621
Mexico
Hawaii
22
301
Hawaii
Type
923901129
2005-01-01
2005-12-31
2005-01-01
Packer HL 10
Bermuda
Jamestown
23
302
St Helena
923901131
2005-01-01
2005-12-31
2005-01-01
BM
David Nelson s. n
Bermuda
23
302
St Helena
923901109
2005-01-01
2005-12-31
2005-01-01
BM
Macrae s. n
Bermuda
23
302
St Helena
923901128
2005-01-01
2005-12-31
2005-01-01
BM
Barclay 1227
Bermuda
Oahu
Oahu
23
302
St Helena