Bryant, 1948 : 361 Roewer 1955 : 332 Brady 1964 : 479 Oxyopes salticus Banks 1903 : 341 Bryant 1940 : 286 The jumping lynx spider Oxyopes salticus Hentz, 1845 and its Neotropical relatives (Araneae: Oxyopidae) Santos, Adalberto J. Zootaxa 2017 4216 5 457 481 4BGGN Bryant Bryant [151,421,1376,1403] Arachnida Oxyopidae Oxyopes Animalia Araneae 14 471 Arthropoda species crewi      Oxyopes crewi  Bryant, 1948: 361–363, pl. 3 figs 21, 26–27 (Male holotypefrom Port-au-Prince[ 18.5392o N 72.335o W], Nord- Est, Haiti, R.J. Crewleg., deposited in MCZ20947, examined. Female allotype, same data, deposited in MCZ43986, examined. Maleand three female paratypes, same data, deposited in N. Bankscollection, not found).   Roewer1955: 332;   Brady1964: 479.    Oxyopes salticus;  Banks 1903: 341; 1909: 166;  Bryant 1940: 286.   Remarks. Both Banks (1903)and Bryant (1940)list  Oxyopes salticusin Cuba, and the latter even states that this species is relatively common in Havanaand Soledad. Although I could not see any Cuban specimen collected before 1940, which could have been examined by them, I am confident these records can actually be attributed to  O. crewi. I support this statement on the fact that, among the hundreds of specimens examined for this study; I did not find a single member of  O. salticusfrom Cuba(see also Brady 1964: 479).   Diagnosis.  Oxyopes crewiresembles  O. salticusand  O. incantatus  sp. nov.(see  O. salticusdiagnosis), but can be distinguished by the pedipalpal tibia with a long ventral keel delimiting the retrolateral tibial scoop, the cymbial protrusion narrower apically and the basal embolic apophysis large, partially covering the embolus ( Figs 6A, B, 7A–C). Females can be recognised by the epigynum with the median process comparatively flattened and the lateral processes large, partially covering the median process in ventral view ( Figs 6C, D, 7D, E). As far as I could see, this is the only of the three species treated here that has females with damaged epigyna. Even in these cases, they can be recognised by the remains of the lateral processes ( Fig. 6F).   Description. Male(La Caoba, San Luis, Cuba, IBSP 165039). Carapace faint brown, with a median and a pair of lateral bands of brown cuticular scales. Pars cephalicawith a lateral dark grey stripe and an anterolateral dark grey spot. Clypeus and chelicerae pale brown, with a pair of dark grey stripes from the anterior median eyes to the apex of the paturon. Endites faint brown, dark grey on the ectal margin. Labium dark brown. Sternum pale yellow, dark grey on the margins, near the base of coxae. Pedipalpal tibia orange, cymbium dark brown, remaining segments pale yellow. Legs yellow, femora I–III with a ventral, longitudinal dark grey stripe. Femur IV with basal and apical dark grey spots on venter. Opisthosoma dark grey, suffused with yellow spots and with a dark brown cardiac mark. Tegument moderately shiny, covered with smooth cuticular scales. Sidesand venter dark grey. Spinnerets faint brown. Total length 3.66. Carapace 1.88 long, 1.45 wide. Tibia I length 1.6, II 1.42, III 0.99, IV 1.22. Opisthosoma 1.78 long, 1.14 wide. Ventral tibial apophysis with a large, oblique anterior keel, forming a retrolateral keel inside the retrolateral tibial scoop. Dorsal limit of the retrolateral tibial scoop with a triangular projection, retrobasal tibial apophysis triangular ( Figs 6A, B, 7B). Tegulum with a wrinkled retrolateral sector ( Fig. 6A).  Female(La Caoba, San Luis, Cuba, IBSP 165039). Colour as in male, except by the following. Ventral stripes on femora II and III interrupted in the middle, femur IV without ventral spots. Opisthosoma dorsally and laterally white, covered with sparse brown cuticular scales. Cardiac mark brown. Venter white, with a median dark grey band from the epigastric sulcus to the spinnerets. Total length 5.36. Carapace 2.16 long, 1.63 wide. Tibia I length 1.93, II 1.78, III 1.3, IV 1.32. Opisthosoma 3.2 long, 2.03 wide. Epigynum markedly sclerotised, ventrally bulging posteriorly to the median process ( Fig. 6C, D). Lateroposterior border with a marked ridge near the base of the lateral processes ( Fig. 7E). Copulatory ducts stout, with a sigmoid trajectory and mostly oriented dorso-ventrally ( Fig. 6E). Spermathecae rounded, with anterior glandular pores ( Fig. 7F) and one ectal Bennet’s gland pore. Fertilization ducts short, posteriorly directed ( Fig. 6E).  Variation. Colour varies from pale yellow to faint brown among both males and females. Females may show broken epigynal processes ( Fig. 6F). Subadult females have a pre-epigynum similar to the described above for  O. salticus. Measurements: males (N=14), total length 3.2–4.58, carapace width 1.35–1.73. Females (N=10), total length 4.17–5.69, carapace width 1.4–1.73.  Natural history. There is no published information on this species’ natural history. A sample from  Santiagode Cubawas labelled as collected by sweeping, indicating that specimens dwell on herbaceous or understory foliage. Two other samples, from Spanish Town ( Jamaica), were collected from nests of the hunting wasp  Trypoxylon texense(Crabronidae), the same wasp that was reported provisioning nests with  Oxyopes salticusin Florida( Kurczewski 1963). As mentioned for the other species, there is no information on sexual behaviour, but specimens with damaged epigyna ( Fig. 6F) suggest that males can break the anterior process during or after copulation. This kind of behaviour has been reported for other spider families ( Mouginot et al.2015; Nakata 2016, and references therein) and can represent an attempt of impeding the female to copulate with subsequent males. If that is the case, it is plausible to suppose that the anterior process has some importance guiding the positioning of the male copulatory apparatus before intromission.   Distribution. Known only from Bahamas, Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola, and Saint Kitts & Nevis( Fig. 10A), from where I could not find a single specimen of  O. salticus. A recent record of O.  salticusfrom Jamaica( Crews et al.2015) can represent the only exception to this distribution pattern, but this still requires a confirmation, since I have not seen the voucher specimens of that study. Based on the material examined here, it seems that  Oxyopes crewisomehow replaces  O. salticuson those islands, which are geographically surrounded by distribution records of the latter species. This is interesting, in view of the obvious high dispersal and invasive capacity of  O. salticus. Considering the close proximity between  O. crewiand  O. salticusdistribution records, it is possible that these species compete in nature and that, at least until now,  O. crewipopulations have been able to impede  O. salticusinvasion. This curious distribution pattern deserves a future investigation, based mainly on both species’ natural history and phylogeography.    Additional material examined. BAHAMAS.  New Providence: Nassau( 25.0589o N, 77.3451o W), J.S. Bonhoteleg.,  2/VII/1998, 1 ♂( BMNH).  CUBA.  Artemisa: Mariel, Guajaibán River( 22.9875o N 82.7536o W) P. Alayoleg.,  VIII/1967, 1 ♂ 1 ♀( MCZ);   Sierra de Anafe( 22.9530o N 82.6443o W), M. Barro leg., 27/X/1946, 10 ♂ 23 ♀ 12 juv. (AMNH); 23/II/1947, 1 ♂ (AMNH); 1/I/1947, 1 ♂ (AMNH); 29/XII/1946, 2 ♀ (AMNH);   10/XI/ 1946, 16 ♂ 36 ♀ 12 juv.( AMNH);  Cienfuegos: Soledad( 22.4833o N 80.45o W) C. & P.  Vaurieleg.,  VII/1956, 1 ♀( AMNH);  Holguín:  La Melba, Moa( 20.6o N 74.8167o W), A. Sánchez leg., 24/VII/1997, 1 ♂ (IBSP 165044);   23/ VII/1997, 5 ♂ 1 ♀ 1 juv.(  IBSP165047);  La Habana:  Havana( 23.1319o N 82.3642o W), A.  Archerleg.,  19/VI/1955, 1 ♀ 1 juv.( AMNH); Marianao( 23.0767o N 82.43o W), M.  L. Jaumelleg.,  30/VII/1950, 2 ♀( AMNH); Marianao, Laguito( 23.0767o N 82.43o W) P.  Alayoleg.,  IX/1967, 4 ♂ 3 ♀( MCZ); Santiagode las Vegas( 22.97o N 82.3869o W),   VII/1967, 4 ♂ 1 ♀( MCZ); San Antoniode los Baños,  Laguna de Ariguanabo( 22.9092o N 82.4907o W),   V/1967, 1 ♂ 1 ♀( MCZ);  Pinar del Río: Guane( 22.2025o N 84.0875o W), G. Alayón Garcia leg., IX/ 1967, 26 ♂ 8 ♀ 2 juv. (MCZ); G. Alayón Garcia leg., 26 ♂ 1 ♀ 3 juv. (MCZ);  1♂ 1♀(  UFMG19945);   Santiagode Cuba:  La Maya( 20.1685o N 75.6472o W, sweep net), P.  Aiayoleg.,  VI/1967, 1 ♂( MCZ); Versalles( 19.9961o N 75.8383o W), P.  Alayoleg., 1 ♂( MCZ);  Santiagode Cuba, Reserva Ecológica Siboney-Juticí( 19.9593o N 75.7715o W), A.  Sánchezleg.,  15/VII/1997, 2 ♂(  IBSP165041);  La Caoba, San Luis( 20.1875o N 75.8508o W),   25/ III/2005, 1 ♂ 1 ♀(  IBSP165039);  Santiagode Cuba, Sevilla,  La Redonda( 20.0064o N 75.7344o W), J.  L. Reyesleg.,  1/XII/1996, 2 ♂ 2 ♀ 2 juv.(  IBSP165040); La Redonda, Carreteraa Siboney( 19.9667o N 75.75o W), A.  Sánchezleg.,  8/XII/1999, 1 ♀(  IBSP165048); Siboney, Cuevalos Mafaes( 19.9602o N 75.7073o W),   26/III/1998, 1 ♀(  IBSP165037); Guamá,  La Mula( 19.9333o N 76.8o W),   18/VI/1997, 2 ♂(  IBSP165036); Cuabitas( 20.0633o N 75.8075o W),   10/XII/1955, 2 ♀( AMNH); Camino de Aguadores, Sfrom  La Torre( 19.9797o N 75.7894o W),   10/VII/ 1955, 1 ♂( AMNH). DOMICAN REPUBLIC.  Monte Cristi: 4 kmW Villa Vasquez( 19.7397o N 71.4829o W), 1/X/ 1985, 1 ♀ (FSCA).  JAMAICA:  Clarendon: Kellits, Mason River(savanna, 18.15o N 77.2333o W), M.  W. Sandersonleg.,  16–17/IV/1959, 1 ♂ 2 ♀( AMNH);  Kingston:  Kingston(18o N 76.8o W), Darlingtonleg.,   27–29/VIII/1934, 1 ♀( MCZ19864); Jack's Hill Road( 18.0375o N 76.7685o W), A.  M. Chickeringleg.,  6/XII/1957, 2 ♂ 1 ♀( MCZ); Palisades( 17.9387o N 76.8168o W), A.M. Chickering leg., 1/XI/1957, 3 ♀ 2 juv. (MCZ);   Manchester: Christiana( 18.1736o N 77.4912o W),  12/XI/1957, 3 ♀ 3 juv.( MCZ); Mandeville (18.0417o N 77.5071o W), E.B. Bryant leg., III/ 1934, 1 ♀ (MCZ 19779); A.M. Chickering leg., 13/IV/1937, 1 ♀ 1 juv. (MCZ 19870);   Portland: 1 miSE Manchioneal( 18.0397o N 76.2827o W), Blackwelder& Chapinleg.,  30/I/1957, 1 ♂ 2 juv.( USNM);   Saint Andrew: Constant Spring( 18.0508o N 76.7937o W), 1 ♀( USNM);   Saint Ann: 8 miN Moneague( 18.3889o N 77.1202o W), A.M. Chickering leg., 7/XI/1957, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ 1 juv. (MCZ); Phoenix Park (18.2972o N 77.1393o W), 25/VI/1954, 1 ♀ 3 juv. (MCZ); Claremont (18.3312o N 77.1736o W), 20/VI/1954, 1 ♀ (MCZ);  1 ♂ 1 ♀( MCZ); Moneague( 18.2756o N 77.1118o W), Darlingtonleg.,   26/VIII/1934, 1 ♀( MCZ19807);  Saint Catherine: Spanish Town(dry shrubs, collected from nests of  Trypoxylon texense, 17.9911o N 76.9574o W), D.B. Jayasingh leg., 15/VIII/1974, 1 ♂ (MCZ 19778);   10/V/1974, 8 ♂ 9 ♀ 8 juv.( MCZ); Spanish Town, JamaicaSchool of Agriculture( 18.0067o N 76.9326o W), A.  M. Chickeringleg.,  23/XI/1957, 3 ♀ 1 juv.( MCZ); Old Harbour( 17.9414o N 77.109o W), A.M. Chickering leg., 9/X/1957, 2 ♂ 1 juv. (MCZ);   Saint James: Great River( 18.4462o N 77.9891o W),  23/VI/1954, 2 ♂ 1 ♀( MCZ);   St Andrew: Ferry( 18.0252o N 76.8733o W), A.M. Chickering leg., 28/X/1957, 3 ♂ 4 ♀ (MCZ); Liguanea (18.0176o N 76.7644o W), 4/XI/1957, 1 ♀ (MCZ); Munroe Road (18.0183o N 76.7662o W), 19/XI/1957, 2 ♂ 2 ♀ 6 juv. (MCZ);  MonaHeights ( 18.0129o N 76.7499o W),  22/XII/1963, 1 ♂ 1 juv.( MCZ);   Trelawny: Fallmouth( 18.4936o N 77.6559o W), C. & P. Vaurieleg.,  20/VII/1960, 1 ♂( AMNH). SAINT KITTS AND NEVIS.   Saint Kitts: Half Way Tree Village( 17.3333o N 62.8167o W),  28/I/?, 1 ♂ 1 juv.( USNM). 1424565166 MCZ Est & Haiti, R. J. & Crew & Female & Male & N. Banks & Roewer & Brady 18.5392 52 -72.335 14 471 3 holotype 1424565197 1998-07-02 BMNH New Providence & Nassau & J. S. Bonhote Bahamas 25.0589 BAHAMAS 7 -77.3451 17 474 1 1 1424565168 VIII / 1 MCZ Mariel & P. Alayo Cuba 22.9875 Guajaiban River 7 -82.7536 17 474 2 1 1 Artemisa 1424565158 [606,1105,1916,1944] Sierra de Anafe Cuba 22.953 Sierra de Anafe 7 -82.6443 17 474 1 Artemisa 1424565171 1946-11-10 AMNH Cuba 22.4833 Soledad 513 -80.45 17 474 64 36 16 Cienfuegos 1424565163 1956-07 AMNH Vaurie & La Melba Cuba 18 475 20.6 Moa 5555 -74.8167 La Melba 17 474 1 1 Holguin 1424565174 1997-07-23 IBSP Cuba La Habana 18 475 IBSP 165047 7 1 5 La Habana 1424565175 [753,1150,190,218] Cuba 23.1319 Havana 7 -82.3642 18 475 1 Havana 1424565170 1955-06-19 AMNH Archer Cuba 23.0767 Marianao 511 -82.43 18 475 2 1 Havana 1424565193 1950-07-30 AMNH L. Jaumel Cuba 23.0767 Laguito 511 -82.43 Marianao 18 475 2 2 Havana 1424565145 1967-09 MCZ Alayo Cuba 22.97 Vegas 555 -82.3869 18 475 7 3 4 Santiago 1424565157 1967-07 MCZ Laguna de Ariguanabo Cuba San Antonio 22.9092 Laguna de Ariguanabo 7 -82.4907 Banos 18 475 5 1 4 Santiago 1424565167 [300,1157,345,373] 1967-05 MCZ Cuba 22.2025 Guane 7 -84.0875 18 475 2 1 1 Pinar del Rio 1424565154 UFMG La Maya Cuba 20.1685 La Maya 7 -75.6472 18 475 UFMG 19945 2 1 1 Santiago de Cuba 1424565151 1967-06 MCZ Aiayo Cuba 19.9961 Versalles 7 -75.8383 18 475 1 1 Santiago de Cuba 1424565159 MCZ Alayo Cuba 19.9593 Reserva Ecologica Siboney-Jutici 7 -75.7715 18 475 1 1 Santiago de Cuba 1424565161 [335,1387,498,526] 1997-07-15 IBSP Sanchez & La Caoba Cuba 20.1875 La Caoba 7 -75.8508 18 475 IBSP 165041 2 2 San Luis 1424565187 2005-03-25 IBSP La Redonda Cuba 20.0064 La Redonda 7 -75.7344 Sevilla 18 475 IBSP 165039 2 1 1 Santiago de Cuba 1424565156 1996-12-01 IBSP L. Reyes Cuba 19.9667 Siboney 522 -75.75 Carretera 18 475 IBSP 165040 6 2 2 Redonda 1424565188 1999-12-08 IBSP Sanchez Cuba Siboney 19.9602 Mafaes 7 -75.7073 Cueva 18 475 IBSP 165048 1 1 Redonda 1424565155 1998-03-26 IBSP La Mula Cuba 19.9333 La Mula 5222 -76.8 Guama 18 475 IBSP 165037 1 1 Redonda 1424565172 1997-06-18 IBSP Cuba 20.0633 Cuabitas 7 -75.8075 18 475 IBSP 165036 2 2 Redonda 1424565199 [299,1342,692,720] 1955-12-10 AMNH Camino de Aguadores, S & La Torre Cuba 19.9797 La Torre 7 -75.7894 18 475 2 2 Redonda 1424565201 1955-07-10 AMNH Cuba 19.7397 Villa Vasquez 7 -71.4829 18 475 1 1 Monte Cristi 1424565203 [373,1276,769,797] Jamaica 18.15 Mason River 555 -77.2333 Kellits 18 475 1 Clarendon 1424565189 1959-04-16 1959-04-17 1959-04-16 AMNH W. Sanderson Jamaica Kingston 18 475 3 2 1 Kingston 1424565209 [721,1180,808,836] Darlington Jamaica Kingston -76.8 18 475 1 Kingston 1424565192 1934-08-27 1934-08-29 1934-08-27 MCZ Jamaica 18.0375 Jack's Hill Road 7 -76.7685 18 475 1 1 Kingston 1424565183 1957-12-06 MCZ M. Chickering Jamaica 17.9387 Palisades 7 -76.8168 18 475 3 1 2 Kingston 1424565196 1957-11-12 MCZ Christiana Jamaica 18.1736 Manchester 7 -77.4912 18 475 6 3 Manchester 1424565190 1957-01-30 USNM Blackwelder & Chapin Jamaica 18.0397 Manchioneal 7 -76.2827 18 475 3 1 Portland 1424565200 USNM Constant Spring Jamaica 18.0508 Saint Andrew 7 -76.7937 18 475 1 1 Saint Andrew 1424565198 Jamaica 18.3889 Moneague 7 -77.1202 18 475 1 Saint Ann 1424565191 MCZ Darlington Jamaica 18.2756 Moneague 7 -77.1118 18 475 2 1 1 Saint Ann 1424565208 1934-08-26 MCZ Jamaica 17.9911 Spanish Town 7 -76.9574 18 475 1 1 Saint Catherine 1424565169 1974-05-10 MCZ Jamaica 18.0067 Agriculture 7 -76.9326 Spanish Town 18 475 25 9 8 1424565182 [178,1211,1271,1299] 1957-11-23 MCZ M. Chickering Jamaica 17.9414 Old Harbour 52 -77.109 18 475 4 3 1424565194 [491,1402,1310,1338] 1954-06-23 MCZ Jamaica 18.4462 Great River 7 -77.9891 18 475 3 1 2 Saint James 1424565176 Jamaica 18.0252 Ferry 7 -76.8733 18 475 1 St Andrew 1424565178 [151,1031,1426,1454] 1963-12-22 MCZ Jamaica 18.0129 Mona 7 -76.7499 18 475 2 1 Mona 1424565184 1960-07-20 AMNH Fallmouth & C. & P. Vaurie Saint Kitts and Nevis 18.4936 Trelawny 7 -77.6559 18 475 1 1 Trelawny 1424565186 1928-01 USNM Saint Kitts and Nevis 17.3333 Half Way Tree Village 7 -62.8167 18 475 2 1