Williamson, 1915 : 619
P. tenuis
P. scintilla
P. woytkowskii
tenuis
Garrison et al. (2003 : 20
Garrison et al. (2010 : 379
A synopsis of the Neotropical genus Protoneura (Odonata: Coenagrionidae)
Ellenrieder, Natalia Von
Garrison, Rosser W.
Zootaxa
2017
2017-12-01
4361
1
1
76
4N6FV
Williamson, 1915
Williamson
1915
[151,610,1556,1582]
Insecta
Protoneuridae
Protoneura
Animalia
Odonata
15
16
Arthropoda
species
calverti
Protoneura calverti Williamson, 1915: 619–623, pl. 44, figs 1, 11, 12, 23, 24 (in key, description of ♂ and ♀, illustrations of wings, thoracic pattern, ♂ S10);— Cowley & Gloyd (1938: 17–18, pl. 1, Figs. 6–11, pl. 5, Figs. 1–7; diagnosis from P. tenuis, additional illustrations of type series);— Gloyd (1939: 7, 16, 17; diagnosis from P. scintillaand P. woytkowskii);— Cowley (1941: 157, 162, 164, 165, 168-170, 173; descriptive comments, key to species in tenuis-group, map);— Calvert (1948: 61; Guyana, notes on color variability); Belle (2002: 2; Suriname);— Garrison et al.(2003: 20; type information);— von Ellenrieder (2009a; IUCN assessment);— Garrison et al.(2010: 379);—von Ellenrieder (2011: 59; Suriname);—von Ellenrieder (2017: 200, 205; Guyana);—von Ellenrieder et al.(2017: 7; Guyana). Primary types. Holotype ♂. Guyana: Tumatumari, 9 ii 1912, L.A. & E.B. Williamson& B.J. Raineyleg. [ UMMZ].
Specimens examined. 33 ♂ 10 ♀: VENEZUELA, AmazonasState: 1 ♂, small tributary to Siapa River, 8 ii 1989, D.A. Polhemusleg. [ USNM]; BolivarState: 4 ♂ 2 ♀(two pairs in copula), Caño Curususuk, 63 kmS of Cuyuni River{ 6°15' N, 61°20' W, 163 m}, 11–12 ii 1976, C.M. & O.S. Flint, Jr.leg. [ USNM]. GUYANA, Upper Demerara-Berbice Region: 1 ♂ 1 ♀( paratypes), Potaro Landing{ 5°59' N, 58°33' W}, 10 ii 1912[ UMMZ]; Potaro-Siparuni Region: 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( paratypes), Tumatumari {5°17' N, 58°59' W}, 11 ii 1912, B.J. Rainey, L.A. & E.B. Williamson leg. [UMMZ]; 1 ♂( paratype) same data but [ FSCA]; 1 ♂, Amacua, Itabú (5°9'10'' N, 59°30'12'' W, 440 m), 28 iii 2014, N. von Ellenrieder & W. Washington leg. [CSBD]; 1 ♀, Camp 2 upriver, creek (5°6'31'' N, 59°38'38'' W, 661 m), 22 iii 2014, N. von Ellenrieder leg. [CSCA]; 1 ♀, Konawaruk watershed, headwaters, shaded stream ( 5°4'51'' N, 59°15'59'' W, 130 m), 12 ix 2014, R. Mohabieleg. [ CSBD]; 1 ♂, Camp2, bank of Potaro river( 5°3'59'' N, 59°39'24'' W, 560 m), 19–21 iii 2014, N. von Ellenriederleg. [ CSBD]; 2 ♂ 1 ♀(one pair in tandem), same data but [ CSCA]; 1 ♂ 1 ♀(in tandem), same data but [RWG]; 1 ♂, Camp2 to Camp1, Potaro Riverfrom boat ( 5°3'15'' N, 59°39'49'' W, 573 m), 20 iii 2014, N. von Ellenriederleg. [ CSCA]; 1 ♂, Iwokrama {4°32'58'' N, 58°46'24'' W}, 23 i 2015, B. Willink & E. Svensson leg. [MZLU]; 1 ♂, same data but [ CSCA]; EastBerbice- Corentyne Region: 1 ♂, Berbicewatershed, BerbiceWhite Sands Camp, sandy blackwater creek at camp with associated pools upstream ( 4°45'26'' N, 58°0'16''W, 28 m), 29 ix 2014, N. von Ellenrieder& J. Archerleg. [RWG]. SURINAME, SipaliwiniDist.: 3 ♂ 1 ♀, forest creek, Sipaliwini River Camp (2°17'40'' N, 56°36'13'' W, 208 m), 28 viii–1 ix 2010, N. von Ellenrieder leg. [NZCS]; 5 ♂ 1 ♀(one pair in tandem), same data but [ CSCA]; 4 ♂ 1 ♀(one pair in tandem), same data but [RWG]. FRENCH GUIANA, Saint Laurent Du Maroni: 2 ♂, Mana river{ 5°40' N, 53°47' W}, v 1917[ FSCA]; 1 ♂, Tamanois, Mana river, v 1917, S.M. Klagesleg. [ FSCA]. BRAZIL, RoraimaState: 1 ♂, Surumu, NWof Deposito{ 4°14' N, 60°55' W}, ix 1966, M. Alvarengaleg. [RWG]. Characterization.Male: Epicranium black with copper to greenish metallic reflections, dorsum of thorax black with reddish orange spots, and dorsum of abdomen black, usually with narrow light blue basal spots on S3–7; pale colors reddish orange, and pale yellow to paleblue ( Fig. 5). Pronotum black with large reddish-orange spot on center of middle lobe. Mesepisternum black with reddish orange triangular spot on basal half narrowing distally, sometimes branched into a short stripe along humeral suture; mesepimeron black; metepisternum basal half pale yellow with ventral, posterior and dorsal corners black; metepimeron anterior half black and posterior half pale bluish yellow. Coxa, trochanter, and base of femur with yellow, remainder of leg black; tibial spurs shorter than twice intervening spaces. Genital ligula lacking lateral lobes, with a distal margin approximately straight to slightly concave, and with laterodistal corners projected ventrally ( Fig. 75). Cercus longer than S10 length, slightly shorter than paraproct, about twice as long as wide, with a depression on external dorsolateral surface, dorsal margin convex and ventral margin concave, and a small ventrobasal blunt tooth in lateral view ( Fig. 101a), with medial surface slightly concave, with a small blunt ventrobasal tooth, a partially membranous laminar medial lobe with tip located proximal to midlength of cercus, and tip curved medially forming a subapical ridge, visible in dorsal and mediodorsal views ( Figs. 101b, c). Paraproct longer than S10 length, at basal third narrowing to half its basal width and digitiform ( Fig. 101). TL 36.5–41; Hw 17–19. Female: As male but pale colors pale yellow; pronotum with margins yellow; with middorsal carina yellow, mesepisternum black with pale yellow upper portion of humeral stripe along basal 2/3 of suture; mesepimeron black with lower portion of humeral stripe along distal 1/3 of suture; pale area of S9 extended dorsally medially to about 1/3 of segment height ( Fig. 29). Middle lobe of pronotum lacking pronounced lateral depressions; posterior lobe entire, directed posterodorsally, with sides straight and tip smoothly convex. Mesostigmal plate approximately triangular with central convex area pale yellow, with posteroexternal margin tilted anterodorsally, forming a vertical surface perpendicular to mesepisternum ( Fig. 51). TL 30–35; Hw 18.5–20.
Diagnosis. Protoneura calvertishares male cercus longer than wide and with a laminar lobe on medial surface with P. klugi, P. macintyrei, P. scintilla, P. tenuis, and P. woytkowskii( Figs. 101; 107–108; 114; 116; 118). Among them, it shares male cerci and paraprocts longer than S10 length with P. tenuisand P. woytkowskii( Figs. 101a; 116a; 118a), and it can be distinguished from them by the location of the laminar lobe on medial surface proximal to midlength of cercus ( Figs. 101a, b), which in the other two species is distal to it ( Figs. 116 a, b; 118 a, b). It further differs from them by genital ligula morphology, with distal segment from flexure to tip longer than wide in ectal view ( Fig. 75a) and laterodistal process occupying only 1/4 or less of distal segment length in lateral view ( Fig. 75b); in P. tenuisdistal segment from flexure to tip is usually wider than long in ectal view ( Figs. 90–91a) and laterodistal process occupies 1/3 or more of distal segment length in lateral view ( Figs. 90–92b), whereas in P. woytkowskiithe tip of distal segment is projected distally into a long strap-like process, about as long as or longer than remainder of distal segment ( Figs. 94–96). Female of P. calvertishares an approximately triangular mesostigmal plate with posteroexternal corner tilted anterodorsally, forming a vertical surface perpendicular to mesepisternum only with P. scintilla( Figs. 51; 64). It can be distinguished from it by pronotum posterior lobe black with yellow lateral margins narrower than medial black, whereas in female of P. scintillaposterior lobe is mostly yellow with only a narrow medial area black, narrower than each lateral yellow area. Habitat and biology.The typeseries was found at a small sluggish stream flowing in a mud bed through woods, males fluttering almost motionless near water’s surface, and females ovipositing in submerged leaves, bringing the abdomen almost directly beneath the wing bases ( Williamson 1915).
Distribution. Venezuela, Guianas, and N Brazil( Fig. 124). Assessed as Least Concern by IUCN (von Ellenrieder 2009a).
1703062503
1912-02-09
UMMZ
Williamson & B. J. Rainey
Guyana
Tumatumari
15
16
1
1
holotype
1703062535
[199,973,1985,2010]
Venezuela
Amazonas
15
16
43
10
33
Amazonas
1703062517
1989-02-08
USNM
D. A. Polhemus
Venezuela
16
17
Siapa River
15
16
1
1
Bolivar
1703062515
1976-02-11
1976-02-12
1976-02-11
USNM
Cano Curususuk & C. M. & O. S. Flint & Jr.
Venezuela
163
6.25
63 km S of Cuyuni River
1305
-61.333332
16
17
6
2
4
Bolivar
1703062545
GUYANA
Guyana
Upper Demerara-Berbice Region
16
17
1
Upper Demerara-Berbice Region
1703062519
1912-02-10
UMMZ
Potaro Landing
Guyana
5.9833336
Potaro-Siparuni Region
1305
-58.55
16
17
2
1
1
Potaro-Siparuni Region
paratype
1703062527
[514,951,295,320]
1912-02-10
FSCA
Potaro Landing
Guyana
5.9833336
Potaro-Siparuni Region
1305
-58.55
16
17
1
1
Potaro-Siparuni Region
paratype
1703062529
2014-09-12
CSBD
R. Mohabie
Guyana
130
5.0808334
Konawaruk watershed
21
-59.266388
16
17
1
1
Potaro-Siparuni Region
paratype
1703062560
2014-03-19
2014-03-21
2014-03-19
CSBD
Camp & N. von Ellenrieder
Guyana
560
5.066389
Potaro river
21
-59.65667
16
17
1
1
Potaro-Siparuni Region
paratype
1703062511
2014-03-19
2014-03-21
2014-03-19
CSCA
Camp & N. von Ellenrieder
Guyana
560
5.066389
Potaro river
21
-59.65667
16
17
3
1
2
Potaro-Siparuni Region
paratype
1703062502
[424,926,476,501]
2014-03-19
2014-03-21
2014-03-19
CSCA
Camp & N. von Ellenrieder
Guyana
560
5.066389
Potaro river
21
-59.65667
16
17
2
1
1
Potaro-Siparuni Region
paratype
1703062547
2014-03-20
CSCA
Camp & N. von Ellenrieder
Guyana
573
5.054167
Potaro River
21
-59.663612
16
17
1
1
Potaro-Siparuni Region
paratype
1703062546
2014-03-20
CSCA
Camp & N. von Ellenrieder
Guyana
573
5.054167
East
21
-59.663612
16
17
1
1
Corentyne Region
paratype
1703062523
[377,654,583,608]
Guyana
Berbice watershed
16
17
1
1
paratype
1703062520
2014-09-29
N. von Ellenrieder & J. Archer
Guyana
28
4.757222
Berbice White Sands Camp
21
-58.004444
16
17
1
paratype
1703062505
[151,491,655,680]
Suriname
Sipaliwini Dist.
16
17
1
Sipaliwini
paratype
1703062500
[687,1279,692,717]
CSCA
Suriname
Sipaliwini Dist.
16
17
6
1
5
Sipaliwini
paratype
1703062512
CSCA
Saint Laurent Du Maroni
French Guiana
Sipaliwini Dist.
16
17
5
1
4
FRENCH GUIANA
paratype
1703062525
1917-05
FSCA
French Guiana
5.6666665
Mana river
1305
-53.783333
16
17
2
2
FRENCH GUIANA
paratype
1703062536
[486,1208,764,789]
1917-05
FSCA
Tamanois & S. M. Klages
French Guiana
Mana river
16
17
1
1
FRENCH GUIANA
paratype
1703062508
1966-09
Surumu, NW & M. Alvarenga
Brazil
4.233333
Deposito
1306
-60.916668
16
17
1
1
Roraima
paratype