Westfall, 1964b : 111
P. capillaris
Flint et al . (2006 : 73
Garrison et al. (2010 : 379
Protoneura capillaris nec Rambur, 1842
[ sic ] capillaris nec Rambur, 1842
A synopsis of the Neotropical genus Protoneura (Odonata: Coenagrionidae)
Ellenrieder, Natalia Von
Garrison, Rosser W.
Zootaxa
2017
2017-12-01
4361
1
1
76
4N6GD
Westfall, 1964
Westfall
1964
[151,555,871,898]
Insecta
Protoneuridae
Protoneura
Animalia
Odonata
40
41
Arthropoda
species
viridis
Protoneura viridis Westfall, 1964b: 111–119; Figs. 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11(description of ♂and ♀from Virgin Islands, illustrations thorax, ♀mesostigmal plates, and ♂S10, diagnosis from P. capillaris);— Paulson (1982: 260; Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands);— Daigle (1996: 13; Dominican Republic);— Rehn (2003: 212; in phylogenetic analysis);— Flint et al. (2006: 73; Dominican Republic);—Trapero-Quintana & Naranjo-López (2004: 180; in key for Cuba);—Trapero- Quintana et al.(2004: 17, Cuba, notes on biology);— Westfall & May (2006: 431, 433–435, 441, 442, Figs. 225C, 226D; in key to northern representatives of genus, characterization of adults, illustrations of ♂S10, ♀pronotum and mesostigmal plates);— Trapero-Quintana & Torres-Cambas (2008: 26; Cuba);— Garrison et al.(2010: 379);— Meurgey (2013: 300, 306, 326; distribution). Protoneura capillaris nec Rambur, 1842— Kolbe (1888: 165, 170; Puerto Rico); — Calvert (1909: 212; Jamaica);— Gowdey (1926: 2; Jamaica);— Klots (1932: 9, 80–82, pl. 1, fig. 13; Jamaicaand Puerto Rico, illustration of Fw);— Misidentifications. Protonenia [ sic] capillaris nec Rambur, 1842— Carpenter (1896: 261; Jamaica)—Misidentification. Primary types. Holotype ♂. Virgin Islands, St. John, L’Esperance, 20 vi 1961, T.W. Donnellyleg. [ FSCA # 656].
Specimens examined. 90 ♂ 29 ♀: DOMINICAN REPUBLIC, PeraviaProv.: 1 ♂, Bani, 15 kmN on El Recondo Road, along small partially shaded gently flowing stream, 2–5 feetwide and 2 feetdeep with fish { 18°20' N, 70°27' W, 70 m}, 29 vi 1999, F.C. Sibleyleg. [ FSCA]; La VegaProv.: 1 ♂ 1 ♀(in tandem), Maimón Riverand tributary, 5 kmNE of Piedra Blanca, 30 v 1991, S.W. Dunkleleg. [ FSCA]; 4 ♂ 1 ♀(in tandem), small shaded stream and pasture with small wet areas, 19.5 kmNE of Jarabacoa( 19°17'27'' N, 70°36'6'' W, 200 m), 3 viii 1983, R.W. Garrisonleg. [RWG]; 1 ♂, Jarabacoa{ 19°6' N, 70°36' W}, 4 vi 1969, O.S. Flint, Jr. & J. Gomezleg. [ USNM]; DajabónProv.: 1 ♂ 1 ♀, Villa Anacaona( 19°15' N, 71°42' W), 3 vi 1986, R. Miller& L. Stangeleg. [ FSCA]; San CristobalProv.: 8 ♂ 2 ♀(in copula), Cumu River, 14 kmE of Puerto Plata{ 19°11'53'' N, 70°37'27'' W, 21 m}, 18 v 1995, O.S. Flint, Jr.leg. [ USNM]; 9 ♂ 5 ♀(3 pairs in copula), El Seibo, Quisibani River, E of El Seibo, road to RincónChavón{ 18°45'15'' N, 68°55'43'' W, 100 m}, 12 v 1995, O.S. Flint, Jr.leg. [ USNM]; 12 ♂, El Seibo, 6 kmE of El Seibo, near junction route 4 and road to El Cuey( 18°44'44'' N, 68°59'14'' W, 120 m), 12 v 1995, O.S. Flint, Jr.leg. [ USNM]; 18 ♂, La Toma, N of San Cristobal{ 18°30' N, 70°12' W}, 9–10 vi 1969, O.S. Flint& J. Gomezleg. [ USNM]; 1 ♂ 1 ♀, tributary of Haina River, just N of Villa Altagracia on Autopista Duarte, at Los Arbolitostree farm, rive and slough ponds { 18°40' N, 70°10' W, 156 m}, 29 v 1991, S.W. Dunkle leg. [FSCA]; Distrito Nacional: 2 ♂, ArroyoBermejo, 4 kmN NE of Hatillo& Autopista Duarte( 18°36'2'' N, 70°6'16'' W, 90 m), 27 viii 1980, R.W. Garrisonleg. [RWG]; 10 ♂ 3 ♀, same data but 14 iv 1981, J.A. Garrison& R.W. Garrisonleg. [RWG]; 2 ♂ 1 ♀, same data but [ CSCA]; 1 ♂, same data but [ UMMZ]; 1 ♂, same data but 29 vi 1984[RWG]; 3 ♂ 3 ♀(in tandem), same data but small clear rocky stream, 3 vi 1989, S.W. Dunkleleg. [ FSCA]; 1 ♂, about 2 kmE Berrio( 18°35'49'' N, 70°9'10'' W, 70 m), 10 viii 2001, D.E. Perez-Gelabertleg. [ USNM]; 1 ♂ 1 ♀(in tandem), Isabela River, 2.5 kmNNE of Hatillo/Autopista Duarte, rocky river with deep pools ( 18°35'45'' N, 70°6'9'' W, 70 m), 4 vi 1989, S.W. Dunkleleg. [RWG]; 1 ♂ 1 ♀, same data but [ FSCA]; 1 ♂ 1 ♀, same data but J.J. Daigleleg. [RWG]. VIRGIN ISLANDS, St. John: 1 ♂, L'Esperance{ 18°26' N, 64°34' W}, 4–5 ix 1966, T.W. Donnellyleg. [RWG]; 3 ♂ 3 ♀( paratypes), same data but 18–20 vi 1961, T.W. Donnellyleg. [ FSCA]; St. Thomas: 1 ♂ 1 ♀( paratypes,in copula), Turpentinerun at Donoe{ 18°20'12'' N, 64°53'51'' W, 75 m}, 28 viii 1956, T.W. Donnellyleg. [ FSCA]. PUERTO RICO, Río Piedras Municipality: 1 ♂( paratype), Río Piedras( 18°23'58'' N, 66°3'1'' W, 28 m), 19 xii 1940, J. Garcia-Diazleg. [ FSCA]; Río GrandeMunicipality: 1 ♀, Bosque Experimental Luquillo, Campamento Elisa Colbergby highway 186, Caribbean National Forest( 18°20'28'' N, 65°49'43'' W, 200 m), 8 vi 1982, R.W. Garrisonleg. [RWG]; 1 ♂, small stream on Hwy186 near Hwy187 ( 18°22'21'' N, 65°49'48'' W, 11 m), 10 xii 2016, N. von Ellenriederleg. [ CSCA]; MayagüezMunicipality: 1 ♂, Arroyo de Oro, past zoological stations, just N of Mayagüez( 18°12'11'' N, 67°8'24'' W, 48 m), 31 viii 1980, R.W. Garrison& J.A. Garrisonleg. [RWG]; 1 ♀( paratype), Mayagüez, stream above ponds at Agricultural Experiment Station, 11 viii 1963, T.W. Donnellyleg. [ FSCA]; 1 ♂ 1 ♀( paratype), same data but [ USNM]; 1 ♀, Mayagues, 9– 15 ix 1975, J.D. Chinealeg. [ FSCA]; 1 ♂, same data but 25 xi 1975[ FSCA]. JAMAICA, Kingston Parish: 1 ♂, Kingston{ 18°0' N, 76°48' W, 53 m}, W. J. Foxleg. [ ANSP]; St. Thomas Parish: 1 ♂, about 3 miE of Bath{ 17°57' N, 76°30' W, 55 m}, 15 viii 1960, M.J. Westfall, Jr. & P. Drummond leg. [FSCA]. Characterization.Male: Epicranium, dorsum of thorax, and S1–3 metallic green with purple reflections, S4– 10 brown; S3–6 with small basal pale yellow spots and S7 with pale dorsal spot on basal half; pale colors pale yellow ( Fig. 21). Pronotum metallic green with lateral margins pale yellow. Mesepisternum metallic green; mesepimeron metallic green with two small distal pale yellow spots along mesepisternal-mesepimeral suture; metepisternum pale yellow margined dorsally and posteriorly by green; metepimeron pale yellow. Outer surface of leg pale yellow with tips of femur, tibia, and tarsi dark; tibial spurs shorter than twice intervening spaces. Genital ligula lacking lateral lobes and with a straight distal margin, with laterodistal corners of distal segment projected ventrally ( Fig. 93). Cercus longer than S10 length, about as long as paraproct, longer than wide in lateral view, with a longitudinal split along dorsal portion of external surface, delimiting a medial sclerotized branch which ends on a strong tooth directed medioventrally, preceded by a smaller subapical pointed tooth ( Fig. 117a); remainder of cercus foliaceous, medially concave, with a small triangular tooth at ventrobasal edge, and a long, curved thick pointed tooth at mediobasal edge directed medioposteriorly ( Figs. 117b, c). Paraproct longer than S10 length, at midlength narrowing to half its basal width and with tip widened and medially concave ( Fig. 117). TL 35–39.5; Hw 16–17. Female: As male but dark areas metallic green with copper reflections; no pale spot on S7; posterior lobe of pronotum yellow; mesepimeron mostly green with yellow limited to ventroposterior edge; metepisternum yellow margined dorsally and posteriorly by green; pale lateral area of S9 extended along posterior half of segment almost to dorsum midline. Middle lobe of pronotum with pronounced lateral depressions; posterior lobe directed anterodorsally, entire and smoothly convex ( Figs. 67a, c). Mesostigmal plate upright with anterior surface concave, posterior surface slightly convex, and dorsal margin narrowly carinated laterally, almost touching opposite plate anteromedially; paired adjacent mesepisternal cylindrical tubercles almost as high as mesostigmal plates located between their posteromedial corners ( Figs. 67b, d). TL 33.5–37; Hw 18–20.
Diagnosis.Male cercus morphology, with a medial sclerotized branch which ends on a tooth directed medioventrally and remainder of cercus foliaceous, medially concave, with a small triangular tooth on outer ventrobasal edge, and a long, curved thick pointed tooth at medial ventrobasal edge directed medially ( Fig. 117), is shared with P. caligata, P. capillaris, P. dunkleiand P. sanguinipes( Figs. 100; 102; 106; 113). Within this group, P. viridisresembles P. caligataand P. capillarisby the medial sclerotized branch of male cercus ending on a tooth directed medioventrally located at cercus tip ( Figs. 100; 102; 117) and by distal margin of genital ligula straight with laterodistal corners projected ventrally ( Figs. 74; 76; 93); in P. dunkleiand P. sanguinipesthe medial branch ends on a broad triangular tip located at about midlength of cercus ( Figs. 106; 113), and distal margin of genital ligula is convex triangular with laterodistal corners not projected ventrally ( Figs. 80; 87). Protoneura viridisdiffers from males of all four species by pale yellow outer surface of legs with only tips of femora, tibiae, and tarsi dark ( Fig. 21); legs have pale colors blue or orange-red in the other species ( Figs. 4; 6; 10; 17), and by subapical tooth on cercus medial margin preceding long distal tooth ( Fig. 117bvs. Figs. 100b; 102b; 106b; 113b). Female mesostigmal plates and adjacent cylindrical mesepisternal tubercles between their posteromedial corners resemble those of P. ailsa, P. romanae, and P. capillaris, but differ by the slightly convex posterior surface of the plates in lateral view ( Fig. 67b), which is concave in the first two species, and the anterior surface slightly concave, which is markedly convex in P. capillaris( Fig. 52a). Habitat and biology.Adults were found on shaded areas near some trees at a small sluggish ditch flowing through open fields in Jamaica, and mating and laying eggs in a series of seepage pools with tufa sides and gravel and mud bed with abundant fallen leaves, under which larvae were also found, in the Virgin Islands( Westfall 1964b). In Cuba(Trapero-Quintana et al.2004), adults were observed perching in the shade on branches of shoreline bushes overhanging rivers and flying close to water’s surface in backwater areas, between 11:00 and 12:00.
Distribution. Cuba, Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Puerto Ricoand Virgin Islands( Fig. 119).
1703062382
[151,1428,1382,1407]
1961-06-20
FSCA
T. W. Donnelly
Virgin Islands
St. John
L'Esperance
40
41
FSCA # 656
1
1
holotype
1703062372
[199,1105,1418,1443]
Dominican Republic
Peravia
40
41
119
29
90
Peravia
1703062398
Dominican Republic
1
18.333334
El Recondo Road
1275
-70.45
Bani
40
41
1
1
Peravia
1703062407
[303,970,1490,1515]
1999-06-29
FSCA
F. C. Sibley
Dominican Republic
70
La Vega
40
41
1
La Vega
1703062402
1991-05-30
FSCA
S. W. Dunkle
Dominican Republic
Maimon River
40
41
2
1
1
La Vega
1703062403
1983-08-03
R. W. Garrison
Dominican Republic
200
19.290833
Jarabacoa
21
-70.60166
40
41
5
1
4
La Vega
1703062400
1969-06-04
USNM
O. S. Flint & Jr. & J. Gomez
Dominican Republic
19.1
Jarabacoa
1273
-70.6
40
41
1
1
Dajabon
1703062409
1986-06-03
FSCA
R. Miller & L. Stange
Saint Kitts and Nevis
19.25
Villa Anacaona
1272
-71.7
40
41
2
1
1
San Cristobal
1703062395
1995-05-18
USNM
O. S. Flint & Jr.
Saint Kitts and Nevis
21
19.198055
Cumu River
21
-70.62417
40
41
10
2
8
Puerto Plata
1703062388
1995-05-12
USNM
O. S. Flint & Jr.
Saint Kitts and Nevis
100
18.754168
Rincon Chavon
21
-68.92861
Quisibani River
40
41
14
5
9
El Seibo
1703062419
1995-05-12
USNM
O. S. Flint & Jr.
Saint Kitts and Nevis
120
18.745556
El Cuey
21
-68.98722
El Seibo
40
41
12
12
El Seibo
1703062390
1969-06-09
1969-06-10
1969-06-09
USNM
O. S. Flint & J. Gomez
Saint Kitts and Nevis
18.5
La Toma
1275
-70.2
40
41
18
18
San Cristobal
1703062401
Saint Kitts and Nevis
18.666666
Los Arbolitos
1274
-70.166664
Haina River
40
41
2
1
1
Duarte
1703062408
1980-08-27
R. W. Garrison
Saint Kitts and Nevis
90
18.600555
Autopista Duarte
21
-70.10445
Arroyo Bermejo
40
41
2
2
Arroyo
1703062412
1981-04-14
J. A. Garrison & R. W. Garrison
Saint Kitts and Nevis
90
18.600555
Autopista Duarte
21
-70.10445
Arroyo Bermejo
40
41
13
3
10
Arroyo
1703062394
[400,757,1994,2019]
1981-04-14
CSCA
J. A. Garrison & R. W. Garrison
Saint Kitts and Nevis
90
18.600555
Autopista Duarte
21
-70.10445
Arroyo Bermejo
40
41
3
1
2
Arroyo
1703062399
[768,1092,1994,2019]
1981-04-14
UMMZ
J. A. Garrison & R. W. Garrison
Saint Kitts and Nevis
90
18.600555
Autopista Duarte
21
-70.10445
Arroyo Bermejo
40
41
1
1
Arroyo
1703062421
1984-06-29
UMMZ
J. A. Garrison & R. W. Garrison
Saint Kitts and Nevis
90
41
42
18.600555
Autopista Duarte
21
-70.10445
Arroyo Bermejo
40
41
1
1
Arroyo
1703062411
[249,1374,151,176]
1989-06-03
FSCA
S. W. Dunkle
Saint Kitts and Nevis
90
18.600555
Autopista Duarte
21
-70.10445
Arroyo Bermejo
41
42
6
3
3
Arroyo
1703062387
2001-08-10
USNM
D. E. Perez-Gelabert
Saint Kitts and Nevis
70
18.596945
Berrio
21
-70.15278
41
42
1
1
Arroyo
1703062397
1989-06-04
S. W. Dunkle
Saint Kitts and Nevis
70
18.595835
Isabela River
21
-70.1025
41
42
2
1
1
Hatillo
1703062383
[770,1126,260,285]
1989-06-04
FSCA
S. W. Dunkle
Saint Kitts and Nevis
70
18.595835
Isabela River
21
-70.1025
41
42
2
1
1
Hatillo
1703062393
1989-06-04
FSCA
J. J. Daigle
Virgin Islands
70
18.595835
St. John
21
-70.1025
41
42
2
1
1
Hatillo
1703062396
1966-09-04
1966-09-05
1966-09-04
T. W. Donnelly
Virgin Islands
18.433332
L'Esperance
1275
-64.566666
41
42
1
1
Hatillo
1703062389
1961-06-18
1961-06-20
1961-06-18
FSCA
T. W. Donnelly
Virgin Islands
18.433332
St. Thomas
1275
-64.566666
41
42
6
3
3
Hatillo
paratype
1703062410
1956-08-28
FSCA
T. W. Donnelly
Puerto Rico
Turpentine
75
18.336668
Rio Piedras Municipality
21
-64.8975
Donoe
41
42
2
1
1
paratype
1703062392
1940-12-19
FSCA
J. Garcia-Diaz
Puerto Rico
28
18.399445
Rio Piedras
21
-66.05028
41
42
1
1
Rio Grande
paratype
1703062417
1982-06-08
R. W. Garrison
Puerto Rico
200
18.341112
Caribbean National Forest
21
-65.82861
Campamento Elisa Colberg
41
42
1
1
Luquillo
paratype
1703062443
2016-12-10
CSCA
N. von Ellenrieder & Mayaguez Municipality
Puerto Rico
11
18.3725
Hwy
21
-65.83
Hwy
41
42
1
1
Mayaguez
paratype
1703062429
1980-08-31
R. W. Garrison & J. A. Garrison
Puerto Rico
48
18.203056
Arroyo de Oro
21
-67.14
41
42
1
1
Mayaguez
paratype
1703062428
1963-08-11
FSCA
T. W. Donnelly
Puerto Rico
Agricultural Experiment Station
41
42
1
1
Mayaguez
paratype
1703062420
[713,1213,655,680]
1963-08-11
USNM
T. W. Donnelly
Puerto Rico
Agricultural Experiment Station
41
42
2
1
1
Mayaguez
paratype
1703062435
1975-09-09
1975-09-15
1975-09-09
FSCA
J. D. Chinea
Puerto Rico
Mayagues
41
42
1
1
Mayaguez
paratype
1703062425
[586,1373,692,717]
1975-11-25
1975-09-15
1975-09-09
FSCA
J. D. Chinea
Jamaica
Mayagues
41
42
1
1
Kingston Parish
paratype
1703062404
Jamaica
18.0
Kingston
1277
-76.8
41
42
1
1
Kingston
paratype
1703062439
ANSP
W. J. Fox
Jamaica
53
17.95
Bath
1277
-76.5
41
42
1
1
St. Thomas Parish
paratype