Monolepta occipitalis Reiche, 1847 , p 402 Luperodes cisteloides Harold, 1875 , p 94 Candezea chapuisioides Laboissière, 1940 , p 10 Revision of Candezea Chapuis, 1879 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae) from continental Africa Wagner Kurtscheid, A. Journal of Natural History 2005 2005-07-19 39 28 2591 2641 (Reiche, 1847) Th. Wagner Reiche 1847 [437,886,1348,1372] Insecta Chrysomelidae Candezea GBIF Animalia Coleoptera 11 2601 Arthropoda species occipitalis      Monolepta occipitalis Reiche, 1847, p 402.     Luperodes cisteloides Harold, 1875, p 94( Weise 1924; Wilcox 1973).     Candezea chapuisioides Laboissière, 1940, p 10; syn. nov.   Redescription  Total length. 6.3–7.4 mm(mean 6.83 mm).  Head.Labrum, labial and maxillary palpi, mandibles, and clypeus black. Head black, frons usually with a transverse reddish, or rarely yellowish stripe ( Figure 6). Basal antennomeres yellow or reddish, 4–11 antennomeres black ( Figure 6). Ratio length of second: third antennomere 0.51–0.63 (mean 0.56), ratio length of third: fourth antennomere 0.59–0.70 (mean 0.64).  Figures 6–9.  Candezea occipitalis( Reiche, 1847). (6) Typical colour pattern (A, B); rarely with black pro-thorax (C); (A) male; (B, C) female. (7) Bursa sclerites. (8) Spermathecae of three different females. (9) Median lobe: (A) dorsal; (B) lateral. Different scales for colour pattern and genitalic structures, each 1 mm; same for following figures.      Candezea   Candezea Total    Candezea  Candezea  atomaria   Candezea   Candezea  Candezea  flaveola   Candezea number of    occipitalis   irregularis (Fairmaire,   costatipennis  bicostataWeise,  haematura (Gerstaecker,   franzkrappisp. specimens  Country ( Reiche, 1847) ( Ritsema, 1875) 1893)  Laboissière, 19311907 ( Fairmaire, 1891) 1855) nov. studied  Angola 26 35 61  Burundi 2 15 17  Cameroon 71 18 89  Central 14 3 17  African  Republic  Congo 13 5 5 23  Congo (Zaire) 5538 578 69 267 122 22 6596  Eritrea 42 42  Ethiopia 621 44 1 666  Gabon 4 57 61  Ghana 2 2  Guinea 17 17  Ivory 14 14  Coast  Kenya 16 257 206 479  Malawi 251 251  Mozambique 116 116  Namibia 4 4  Nigeria 2 2  Rwanda 3 3 1004 571 1581  Senegal 7 7  Sierra 8 2 10  Leone  Somalia 10 10  South 40 40  Africa  Tanzania 20 12 19 203 378 632  Uganda 50 37 15 6 4 112  Zambia 32 32  Zimbabwe 2 2  Total 665 5762 702 35 1204 1314 1175 28 10,875  Thorax.Pronotum yellow, very rarely (in 12 of 490 specimens) black, as in the typeof  Candezea chapuisioides Laboissière, 1940( Figure 6C). Pronotal width 1.9–2.5 mm(mean 2.17 mm), ratio pronotal length: width 0.46–0.55 (mean 0.50). Underside of prothorax, meso- and metathorax throughout black. Length of elytron 5.0– 6.2 mm(mean 5.61 mm), maximal width in the apical third of 3.2–4.0 mm (mean 3.67 mm), ratio maximal elytral width: elytral length 0.60–0.69 (mean 0.65). Elytra yellow, rarely yellowish brown with small, circular, irregularly scattered black spots ( Figure 6). Males have small, heart-shaped elytral protrusions beyond scutellum ( Figure 6A). Scutellum and legs black throughout.  Abdomen.Black.  Female genitalia.Cornu long, strongly curved in the apical third, nodulus small ( Figure 8), bursa sclerites usually with six strong spines ( Figure 7).  Male genitalia.Medium lobe slender, straight, round in cross-section, dorsally and ventrally carinate at apex ( Figure 9B). Tectum subapically slightly widened, apex with short incision, broader than apical part of median lobe ( Figure 9A). Ventral pair of endophallic spiculae short, curved inwards, middle pair short, dorsal pair longest, curved outwards ( Figure 9A). Shape of endophallic sac small and slender, orifice nearly circular.  Distribution.This species is restricted to montane, originally forested areas of Ethiopiaand Eritrea( Figure 10).  Diagnosis. Candezea occipitaliscan be easily distinguished from other  Candezeaspeciesby the antennomeres 4–11 black, the black head with its characteristic reddish transverse frontal stripe, and the entirely black legs, characters which are exclusively found in this species. Since the underside is black throughout, only pronotum and elytra are yellow, the latter with small black spots.  Candezea atomariaalso has small elytral spots, but this species is longer (mean total length 7.14 mm), has entirely yellow to yellowish brown antennae and legs, and is not distributed sympatrically with  C. occipitalis.  Candezea costatipennisis the third  Candezeaspeciescharacterized by these small elytral spots, but this species is more slender than both the others, males have carinate elytra ( Figure 20A), and this species is known only from Angolaand western Congo.  Type material  Lectotype:  Monolepta occipitalis: „, ‘‘Scioa, Mahal Uonz, IV Antinori 1877/  Candezea occipitalisReiche T. Chap/ LectotypusTh. Wagner desig. 99’’ (MNHN). Type locality: Ethiopia, Scioa. Paralectotypes: 1 „, 1♀same labels as lectotype. A lectotypeis here designated to fix the name and to ensure its universal and consistent interpretation. Holotype:  Candezea chapuisioides: „, ‘‘Type/ Holotypus/Ethiope: Goba R. de Meulenaer 1934–1935/R. Mus. Hist. Nat. belg. I.G. 10.738/cf. Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Belg. XVI. 1940, 25 p.10–11/V. Laboissière det., 1940:  Candezea chapuisioidesm Type (male)/  Candezea occipitalis( Reiche 1847) Th. Wagnerdet.’’ (IRSNB). Type locality: Ethiopia, Goba, 7 °19N, 39 °599E; examined. Type specimens of  Luperodes cisteloidescould not be found beyond material from E. v. Harold in MNHU. This species was synomymized with  Candezea occipitalisby Weise (1924).  Figure 10. Distribution of  Candezea occipitalisand  C. irregularis.  Other material examined     Eritrea: 1 ex., Asmara, 15 °209’N, 38 °589E ( MNHN);  1 ex., Keren, 15 °469N, 38 °309E, coll. Kraatz( DEI);  5 ex., Asmara,  May 1887, coll. Clavareau( MRAC);  25 ex., Adi Ugri, 14 °479N, 38 °509E,  June–August 1901, A. Andreini( MZUF);  10 ex., Asmara,  May 1963, Linnavuori( MZHF).   Ethiopia: 4 ex.( 2 ex. MNHU, 2 ex. SMTK);  6 ex.( IRSNB);  1 ex., coll. Schiö( ZMUC);  2 ex., coll. Kraatz( IRSNB);  4 ex., A. Raffray(2 ex, BMNH, 2 ex. MSNG);  4 ex., Kostlan( MNHU);  7 ex., Addis Abeba, 9 °39N, 38 °429E, Dimitriev( ZISP);  38 ex., Scioa, Mahal-Uonz,  March–April 1877, Antinori( MSNG);  1 ex., Scioa, Sciotalit,  January 1879, Antinori( MSNG);  1 ex., Scioa, Dainbi,  April–May 1879, Antinori( MSNG);  9 ex., Scioa, Let Marefia,  June–July 1889, September–October 1878, Antinori( MSNG);  3 ex., Scioa, Giagague´,  April–June 1891, Antinori( MSNG)  12 ex., Addis Abeba, 1896, Gode-Burka, Leont’yev( ZISP);  1 ex., Khorar,  August 1896, Leont’yev( ZISP); 2, Abessinien,  June 1897, Bal’gi, Babichev( ZISP);  1 ex., Akakimchare-Denza,  May 1897, A. N. Gudzenko( ZISP);  1 ex., Kharare,  June 1897, Babichev( ZISP);  41 ex., Scioa, Sciotalit,  August 1897, Ragazzi( MSNG);  11 ex., Addis Abeba,  June 1898( ZISP);  6 ex., Scioa, Marefia,  May 1898, Ragazzi( MSNG);  1 ex., Tschetshew,  November 1899, Dimitriev( ZISP);  1 ex., Burka, Harrar,  February 1899, Dimitriev( ZISP);  1 ex., Buroma, Tschertscher,  March 1903( ZISP);  1 ex., Sekuala, Shoa, 1911, Dimitriev( ZISP);  6 ex., Adama, 8 °399N, 39 °199E, coll. Laferté( BMNH);  4 ex., Kaffa, Jimma, 7 °399N, 36 °479 E, A. Raffray( MNHN);  205 ex., Harar, 9 °209N, 42 °109E, coll. Breuning( MRAC);  1 ex., Shoa, Eiere, O. Neumann( MNHU);  4 ex., Tigre´, Makale, 13 °329N, 39 °339E, 1850, Schimper( MNHN);  4 ex., Illubabor, Gore, 8 °109N, 35 °299E, 1881, A. Raffray( MNHN);  1 ex., Sereba, 13 °129N, 40 °319E,  June 1881, Antinori( BMNH);  2 ex., Illubabor, Yamba, 8 °189N, 35 °529E, 1882, A. Raffray( MNHN);  2 ex., Scioa,  November 1885, Traversi( IRSNB);  1 ex., Scioa,  March 1887, coll. Clavareau( MRAC);  3 ex., Scioa,  August 1889, Ragazzi( IRSNB);  1 ex., 1899, Michel( MNHN);  39 ex., Shoa, Addis Abeba,  June– October 1900, coll. v. Erlangerand Neumann( MNHU);  22 ex., N. Galla, v. Erlanger( MNHU);  1 ex., 1903, du Bourg( MNHN);  1 ex., Wondo, 6 °399N, 38 °219E,  April 1904, C. Singer( BMNH);  1 ex., Mogu, 4 °259N, 40 °159’E,  October 1904, Ph. Zaphiro( BMNH);  2 ex., Shoa, Addis Abeba,  December 1906–  May 1907, E. Latham( MNHN);  1 ex., Auase,  October 1910, C. Citerni( IRSNB);  1 ex., Addis Abeba,  December 1910, C. Citerni( IRSNB);  14 ex., Addis Abeba,  July–August 1933, L. Sáska( NHRS);  1 ex., Addis Abeba,  2600 m,  April 1941, M. L. Azzaroli( MZUF);  10 ex., Gojjam, Mt Amedamit, 11 °109N, 37 °289E,  3500–4000 m,  December 1948, H. Scott( BMNH);  2 ex., Illubabor, Wuka, 7 °319N, 35 °489E,  2800 m,  December 1948, H. Scott( BMNH);  8 ex., Mt Amba, Fari, 10 °559N, 38 °509E,  3000–3300 m,  December 1948, H. Scott( BMNH);  18 ex., Shambo, 9 °329N, 37 °39E,  3000 m,  December 1948, H. Scott( BMNH);  58 ex., Simien, Derasghie, 13 °39N, 38 °119E,  3000 m,  July–December 1952, H. Scott( BMNH);  1 ex., Soddu, 6 °499N, 37 °419E,  April 1959, P. Vayssière( MNHN);  1 ex., Agiza, 12 °49N, 38 °229E,  June 1963, Linnavuori( MZHF);  1 ex., Mussolini-Pass,  June 1963, Linnavuori( MZHF);  1 ex., Keren-Aswara,  May 1963, Linnavuori( MZHF);  2 ex., Shoa, Ketama, 9 °319N, 38 °459E,  2400 m,  March 1970, T. J. Crowe( BMNH);  1 ex., Arussi, Awassa Gobe,  June 1970, S. Persson( NHRS);  6 ex., Bale,  3100 m,  June 1971, G. de Rougemont( MRAC);  1 ex., Kaffa, Jimma, 7 °399N, 36 °479E,  August 1971, G. de Rougemont( MRAC);  5 ex., Gemu, Mt Arba, Tulu, 9 °229N, 34 °509E, 1972, H. Rupp( MRAC);  1 ex., Deder, 9 °229N, 41 °269E,  2700 m,  March 1972, R. O. S. Clarke( MRAC);  2 ex., Shoa, Addis Abeba,  November 1973, G. de Rougemont( MRAC);  1 ex., Bale,  August 1973, R. O. S. Clarke( MRAC);  4 ex., Shewa, 1986–1990, Ing. Dedoch, coll. J. Bezdek;  4 ex., Shoa, Gora, 9 °79N, 42 °299E,  2400 m,  July 1990, K. Werner( MZUF);  4 ex., Addis Ababa,  2500 m,  October 1990, L. N. Medvedevand E. Samorzhenkow( NHMB);  1 ex., Deder, 9 °229N, 41 °269E,  2500 m,  March 1997, M. v. Tschirnhaus, coll. Th. Wagner( ZFMK). [138,783,1434,1458] MNHN Eritrea Asmara 15 2605 1 DEI Kraatz Eritrea Keren 15 2605 1 [369,974,1467,1491] 1887-05 MRAC Clavareau Eritrea Asmara 15 2605 5 1901-06 1901-08-31 1901-06 MZUF A. Andreini Eritrea Adi Ugri 15 2605 25 1963-05 MZHF Linnavuori Eritrea Asmara 15 2605 10 [394,925,1531,1555] MNHU, SMTK Ethiopia Ethiopia 15 2605 8 [938,1109,1531,1555] IRSNB Ethiopia true Ethiopia 15 2605 6 ZMUC Schio Ethiopia 15 2605 1 [396,724,1564,1588] IRSNB Kraatz Ethiopia 15 2605 2 BMNH, MSNG Ethiopia Raffray 15 2605 6 [251,536,1596,1620] MNHU Kostlan Ethiopia 15 2605 4 [548,1181,1596,1620] ZISP Dimitriev Ethiopia 9.65 Addis Abeba 15 2605 7 Adis Abeba [138,918,1629,1653] 1877-03 1877-04-31 1877-03 MSNG Antinori Ethiopia Mahal-Uonz Scioa 15 2605 38 1879-01 MSNG Antinori Ethiopia Sciotalit Scioa 15 2605 1 1879-04 1879-05-31 1879-04 MSNG Antinori Ethiopia 16 2606 Dainbi Scioa 15 2605 1 June - July 1889, September - October 1878 MSNG Antinori Ethiopia Let Marefia Scioa 16 2606 9 [255,992,169,193] 1891-04 1891-06-31 1891-04 MSNG Antinori Ethiopia Giagague' Scioa 16 2606 3 ZISP Gode-Burka & Leont'yev Ethiopia Addis Abeba 16 2606 12 Adis Abeba 1896-08 ZISP Leont'yev Ethiopia Khorar 16 2606 1 [226,833,234,258] 1897-06 ZISP Bal'gi & Babichev Ethiopia Abessinien 16 2606 1 1897-05 ZISP A. N. Gudzenko Ethiopia Akakimchare-Denza 16 2606 1 [561,1080,266,290] 1897-06 ZISP Babichev Ethiopia Kharare 16 2606 1 1897-08 MSNG Ragazzi Ethiopia Sciotalit Scioa 16 2606 41 [691,1146,298,322] 1898-06 ZISP Ethiopia Addis Abeba 16 2606 11 Adis Abeba 1898-05 MSNG Ragazzi Ethiopia Marefia Scioa 16 2606 6 1899-11 ZISP Dimitriev Ethiopia Tschetshew 16 2606 1 [342,986,363,387] 1899-02 ZISP Dimitriev Ethiopia Harrar Burka 16 2606 1 1903-03 ZISP Ethiopia Tschertscher Buroma 16 2606 1 [549,1091,396,420] ZISP Dimitriev Ethiopia Shoa Sekuala 16 2606 1 BMNH Laferte Ethiopia Adama 16 2606 6 MNHN E, A. Raffray Ethiopia Jimma Kaffa 16 2606 4 [391,1090,460,484] MRAC Breuning Ethiopia Harar 16 2606 205 Hareri Hizb MNHU Eiere, O & Neumann Ethiopia Shoa 16 2606 1 MNHN Schimper Ethiopia Makale Tigre' 16 2606 4 [373,1168,525,549] MNHN A. Raffray Ethiopia Gore Illubabor 16 2606 4 [125,875,557,582] 1881-06 BMNH Antinori Ethiopia Sereba 16 2606 1 MNHN A. Raffray Ethiopia Yamba Illubabor 16 2606 2 1885-11 IRSNB Traversi Ethiopia Scioa 16 2606 2 [248,851,622,646] 1887-03 MRAC Clavareau Ethiopia Scioa 16 2606 1 1889-08 IRSNB Ragazzi Ethiopia Scioa 16 2606 3 [355,733,655,679] MNHN Michel Ethiopia 16 2606 1 1900-06 1900-10-31 1900-06 MNHU v. Erlanger & Neumann Ethiopia Shoa 16 2606 39 Adis Abeba MNHU N. Galla & Erlanger Ethiopia 16 2606 22 [256,639,720,744] MNHN Bourg Ethiopia 16 2606 1 1904-04 BMNH C. Singer Ethiopia Wondo 16 2606 1 [365,1168,752,776] 1904-10 BMNH Ph. Zaphiro Ethiopia Mogu 16 2606 1 [125,1013,784,808] 1906-12 1907-05 1906-12 MNHN E. Latham Ethiopia Shoa 16 2606 2 Adis Abeba 1910-10 IRSNB C. Citerni Ethiopia Auase 16 2606 1 1910-12 IRSNB C. Citerni Ethiopia Addis Abeba 16 2606 1 Adis Abeba [247,931,849,873] 1933-07 1933-08-31 1933-07 NHRS L. Saska Ethiopia Addis Abeba 16 2606 14 Adis Abeba 1941-04 MZUF M. L. Azzaroli Ethiopia 2600 Addis Abeba 16 2606 1 Adis Abeba 1948-12 BMNH H. Scott Ethiopia 3750 Mt Amedamit Gojjam 16 2606 10 1948-12 BMNH H. Scott Ethiopia 2800 Wuka Illubabor 16 2606 2 1948-12 BMNH H. Scott Ethiopia 3150 Fari Mt Amba 16 2606 8 1948-12 BMNH H. Scott Ethiopia 3000 Shambo 37.65 16 2606 18 1952-07 1952-12-31 1952-07 BMNH H. Scott Ethiopia 3000 13.65 Derasghie Simien 16 2606 58 1959-04 MNHN P. Vayssiere Ethiopia Soddu 16 2606 1 1963-06 MZHF Linnavuori Ethiopia 12.816667 Agiza 16 2606 1 [521,1168,1108,1132] 1963-06 MZHF Linnavuori Ethiopia Mussolini-Pass 16 2606 1 [125,853,1141,1165] 1963-05 MZHF Linnavuori Ethiopia Keren-Aswara 16 2606 1 1970-03 BMNH T. J. Crowe Ethiopia 2400 Ketama Shoa 16 2606 2 1970-06 NHRS S. Persson Ethiopia Awassa Gobe Arussi 16 2606 1 1971-06 MRAC G. de Rougemont Ethiopia 3100 Bale 16 2606 6 1971-08 MRAC G. de Rougemont Ethiopia Jimma Kaffa 16 2606 1 [251,1142,1270,1294] MRAC H. Rupp Ethiopia Gemu Tulu Mt Arba 16 2606 5 1972-03 MRAC R. O. S. Clarke Ethiopia 2700 Deder 16 2606 1 1973-11 MRAC G. de Rougemont Ethiopia Shoa 16 2606 2 Adis Abeba 1973-08 MRAC R. O. S. Clarke Ethiopia Bale 16 2606 1 [508,1145,1367,1391] Ing. Dedoch & J. Bezdek Ethiopia Shewa 16 2606 4 1990-07 MZUF K. Werner Ethiopia 2400 Gora Shoa 16 2606 4 1990-10 NHMB L. N. Medvedev & E. Samorzhenkow Ethiopia 2500 Addis Ababa 16 2606 4 Adis Abeba 1997-03 ZFMK M. v. Tschirnhaus & Th. Wagner Ethiopia 2500 Deder 16 2606 1