Pyrausta minnehaha Leucocraspeda auratalis Pionea auratalis ab. obscura Pionea schenklingi A revision of the genus Ecpyrrhorrhoe Huebner, 1825 from China based on morphology and molecular data, with descriptions of five new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae) Xiang, Lanbin Chen, Kai Chen, Xiaohua Duan, Yongjiang Zhang, Dandan ZooKeys 2022 2022-03-23 1090 1 44 755A24B6-FE83-5E30-A5E3-B646DF76F7AF (Pryer, 1877) Xiang & Chen & Chen & Duan & Zhang 2022 Pryer 1877 Insecta Crambidae Ecpyrrhorrhoe CoL Animalia Ecpyrrhorrhoe minnehaha Lepidoptera 0 1 Arthropoda species minnehaha comb. nov.   Figs 6 , 7 , 24 , 39   Pyrausta minnehahaPryer, 1877: 234.  Leucocraspeda auratalisWarren, 1895: 472. Syn. nov.  Pionea auratalis ab. obscuraCaradja, 1935: 41.  Pionea schenklingiStrand, 1918: 79. Syn. nov.  Diagnosis. This species can be differentiated from other species of the genus by its smaller forewing length (8.0-10.0 mm) and the yellow or rosy-red forewing usually bearing strongly contrasting spots and relatively smooth and slender lines (Figs 6, 7). In the male genitalia (Fig. 24),  E. minnehahais somewhat similar to  E. fimbriata, but can be distinguished by the much more rounded ventral margin of valva, excurved sella densely bearing thick setae, pointed arms of juxta without tooth, and presence of a group of spines on the anellus. The female genitalia (Fig. 39) can be distinguished from congeners by the short cup-shaped antrum densely covered with minute spines.   Figures 22-27.Male genitalia of  Ecpyrrhorrhoespp., with enlarged detail of juxta (right) 22  E. allochroa, sp. nov., holotype, Yunnan (genitalia slide No. CXH12133) 23  E. damastesalis, Yunnan (genitalia slide No. SYSU0237) 24  E. minnehaha, Jiangxi (genitalia slide No. SYSU0271) 25  E. obliquata, Hainan (genitalia slide No. SYSU0228) 26  E. rufipicta, Hainan (genitalia slide No. ZDD12031) 27  E. fimbriata, Yunnan (genitalia slide No. SYSU0281). Scale bars: 1.0 mm.  Redescription (Figs 6, 7). Head.Frons yellow or yellowish brown with white lateral bands. Vertex pale yellow. Labial palpus yellow or yellowish brown, contrastingly white at base ventrally. Maxillary palpus yellow or yellowish brown, pale yellow terminally. Thorax.Dorsal side yellow or yellowish brown, ventral side white. Wings.Forewing length: 8.0-10.0 mm. Forewing yellowish brown, or rosy-red with posterior area straw yellow, markings blackish brown; antemedial line slightly arched from 1/4 of costa to 1/3 of posterior margin; orbicular stigma very small, dot-shaped, sometimes indistinct in rosy-red individuals; reniform stigma comma-shaped, nearly straight or weakly concave; postmedial line from 3/4 of costa to middle of CuA1, bending to 1/3 of CuA2, then weakly curved to 2/3 of posterior margin; without distinct fuzzy patch posterolateral of cell indistinct; terminal line brown to dark brown; fringe with basal half brown to dark brown, distal half silver-white. Hindwing yellowish brown, with basal and subterminal area scattered with blackish brown scales, posterior area pale yellow; postmedial line from 2/3 of costa to 1/2 of CuA1, bending inward to 1/3 of CuA2, then weakly convex to 2/3 of posterior margin; the fuzzy patch posterolateral of cell blackish brown; terminal line and fringe as in forewing. Abdomen.Pale yellow dorsally, white ventrally.  Male genitalia  (Fig. 24).Uncus with basal 1/3 nearly triangular and naked. Valva with costa slightly concave and ventral margin curved, with apex rounded; sella excurved, thumb-shaped, densely bearing thick setae; sacculus with distal 3/5 inflated into a broad and nearly triangular protrusion. Juxta with base wide, distal half bifid into slender, straight, and widely separated arms; anellus with a cluster of short spines (attached to distal end of phallus in Fig. 24). Saccus rounded triangular. Phallus long and moderately thick; cornuti presented as a bunch of spines, with a large spine distally and connected with a lanceolate sclerite at base.  Female genitalia  (Fig. 39).Anterior apophysis ~ 2 xlength of posterior apophysis. Antrum cup-shaped, short and broad, strongly sclerotized, inner wall densely covered with minute spines; colliculum long, with two longitudinal ridges; ductus seminalis inserting to anterior end of colliculum and with a wide sclerite located opposite to colliculum; ductus bursae ~ 2 xas long as length of corpus bursae, basal 2/3 bearing a slim sclerite. Corpus bursae oval; rhomboid signum narrow, with maximal length equal to half length of corpus bursae; second (posterior) signum small and somewhat curved, bearing short spines.  Material examined.  Type material.  Pyrausta minnehaha:   Holotype ♂, [  China]: Chekiang, 80.123 (NHMUK).  Leucocraspeda auratalis:   Holotype ♀, Japan(NHMUK).  Pionea schenklingi:   Lectotype ♂, [  China]: Kosempo, Formosa, X.1911, H. Sauter Coll., Gen. praep. Gaedike NR: 9669 (SDEI);   Syntypes: 1♀, [  China]: Suisharyo, Formosa, X.[19]11, H. Sauter Coll., Gen. praep. Gaedike NR: 9670 (SDEI);  1♂, [  China]: Suisharyo, Formosa, II.[19]12, H. Sauter Coll.(SDEI).  Other material examined.  Material with yellowish brown forewing:  China: Fujian: 1♀, Mt. Mangdangshan, Maodi Village, 26.70°N, 118.08°E, alt.  812 m, 17.VIII.2016, Chen Kai, Duan Yongjiangleg.;   Guangdong: 3♂, Niupoling, Yangchun, 18.VIII.2009, He Fengxialeg., genitalia slide LJW12053;  1♂, Mt. Danxiashan, Shaoguan, 25.04°N, 113.64°E, alt.  96 m, 7.VI.2012, Li Jinweileg.;  1♂, Chebaling Nature Reserve, Shixing, 24.72°N, 114.26°E, alt.  496 m, 28.V.2017, Zhang Dandanleg., genitalia slide No.SYSU1013, molecular voucher No.LEP0217;  1♂, Dunzi ForestFarm, Huizhou, 10.IX.2015,  Li Zhiqianget al. leg.;   Guangxi: 5♂, Gaozhai,  Xing'an, 28.VIII.2011, Zhang Dandan, Li Jinweileg., genitalia slide No. SYSU0225;  1♂, Gaozhai, Mt. Maoershan, Guilin, alt.  1100 m, 27.VII.2015, Liu Kaili, Zhao Jingxialeg.;   Guizhou: 2♂, Baishao, Kuankuoshui Natural Reserve, alt.  800 m, 11.VIII.2010, Du Xicuileg.;   Yunnan: 1♀, Yuanjiang, Yuxi, 23.97°N, 102.05°E, alt.  390 m, 16-17.VII.2019, Xiang Lanbinleg.;   Hubei: 1♂, Wujiashan, Yingshan, 31.05°N, 115.47°E, alt.  880 m, 29.VI.2014, Chen Xiaohua, Pan Changleg.;  1♂, Taohuachong, Mt. Dabieshan, alt.  590 m, 30.VI.2014, Xu Lijunleg.genitalia slide No. SYSU1043;   Hunan: 1♂, Baimaoping, Chengbu, Shaoyang, 26.25°N, 110.37°E, alt.  550 m, 7-9.IX.2020, Jin Mengjie, Xiang Lanbinleg.;  2♂, Yangmeiao, Mt. Jiuwandashan, 25.19°N, 108.65°E, alt.  1183 m, 22.VII.2015, Chen Kaileg.;   Jiangxi: 9♂, Shixi Village, Fengxin, 28.44°N, 114.54°E, alt.  506 m, 22.IX.2012, Li Jinwei, Yang Lijunleg., genitalia slide No.SYSU0227, molecular voucher No.LEP0033;  2♂, Guanyinyan,  Jing'an, 29.03°N, 115.25°E, alt.  195 m, 20.VII.2014, Chenkaileg. genitalia slide No.SYSU0270, molecular voucher No.LEP0059;  1♂, Xiangzhou, Mt. Jinggangshan, 26.IV.2011, Yu Yalileg., genitalia slide No.SYSU0271, molecular voucher No.LEP0061;   Shanxi: 9♂ 6♀, Miaoping, Manghe, 35.25°N, 112.46°E, alt.  557 m, 19-20.VIII.2018, Chen Kai, Xiang Lanbinleg.;   Shaanxi: 1♀, Haopingsi, Yingtou, 34.05°N, 107.42°E, alt.  1251 m, 18.VII.2012, Li Jinweileg., genitalia slide No. SYSU0272.  Material with rosy-red forewing:    Japan: 1♂, Nagasaki, May.1886, Leech, Pyralidae Brit. Mus. Slide No.010315142 (NHMUK);   China: Hainan: 1♀, Yinggeling, alt.  620 m, 18.IV.2010, Zhang Jing, Hu Bingbingleg. (abdomen missing).  Distribution. China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shanghai, Shanxi, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang), Korea, Japan.  Remarks. The type material of  Pyrausta minnehahaPryer, 1877 has rosy-red forewings bearing strongly contrasting spots and relatively smooth and slender lines, and the type series of  Pionea schenklingiStrand, 1918 has the same appearance.  Leucocraspeda auratalisWarren, 1895 has a yellowish brown forewing, but bears the same markings, hindwings and fringe as  Pyrausta minnehahaand  Pionea schenklingi. The genitalic characters indicate that these all belong to the same species. Although there is striking variation in this species, it is most easily identified by its appearance and its small body size. On the basis of currently available material, specimens with yellowish brown forewings are the commonest form in its range. 2022-01-01 2022-12-31 2022-01-01 China Chekiang ♂ Holotype 2022-01-01 2022-12-31 2022-01-01 Japan Japan ♀ Holotype 1911-10 H. Sauter Coll., Gen., Gaedike NR China Kosempo ♂ Lectotype 2022-01-01 2022-12-31 2022-01-01 Suisharyo, H. Sauter Coll., Gen., Gaedike NR China China 1 1 Syntypes 2022-01-01 2022-12-31 2022-01-01 H. Sauter Coll. China China 1 1 syntype 2016-08-17 Chen Kai, Duan Yongjiang China 812 26.7 Maodi Village 744 118.08 Mt. Mangdangshan 1 1 Fujian 2009-08-18 He Fengxia China Yangchun Niupoling 3 3 Guangdong LJW12053 2022-01-01 2022-12-31 2022-01-01 China 1 Guangdong 2012-06-07 Li Jinwei China 96 25.04 Shaoguan 749 113.64 Mt. Danxiashan 1 1 Guangdong 2017-05-28 Zhang Dandan China 496 24.72 Shixing 750 114.26 Chebaling Nature Reserve 1 1 Guangdong 2022-01-01 2022-12-31 2022-01-01 No. China No. 1 Guangdong 2015-09-10 China Huizhou Dunzi Forest 1 1 Guangdong 2022-01-01 2022-12-31 2022-01-01 China Li Zhiqiang 1 Guangdong 2011-08-28 Zhang Dandan, Li Jinwei China Xing'an Gaozhai 5 5 Guangxi 2015-07-27 Liu Kaili, Zhao Jingxia China Gaozhai 1100 Guilin Mt. Maoershan 1 1 Guangxi 2010-08-11 Du Xicui China 800 Kuankuoshui Natural Reserve Baishao 2 2 Guizhou 2019-07-16 2019-07-17 2019-07-16 Xiang Lanbin China 390 23.97 Yuxi 752 102.05 Yuanjiang 1 1 Yunnan 2014-06-29 Chen Xiaohua, Pan Chang China 880 31.05 Yingshan 731 115.47 Wujiashan 1 1 Hubei 2014-06-30 Xu Lijun China 590 Mt. Dabieshan Taohuachong 1 1 Hubei 2020-09-07 2020-09-09 2020-09-07 Jin Mengjie, Xiang Lanbin China Baimaoping 550 26.25 Shaoyang 746 110.37 Chengbu 1 1 Hunan 2015-07-22 Chen Kai China 1183 25.19 Mt. Jiuwandashan 748 108.65 Yangmeiao 2 2 Hunan 2012-09-22 Li Jinwei, Yang Lijun China 506 28.44 Fengxin 739 114.54 Shixi Village 9 9 Jiangxi 2022-01-01 2022-12-31 2022-01-01 No. China No. 1 Jiangxi 2014-07-20 Chenkai China 195 29.03 Jing'an 737 115.25 Guanyinyan 2 2 Jiangxi 2022-01-01 2022-12-31 2022-01-01 No. China No. 1 Jiangxi 2011-04-26 Yu Yali China Mt. Jinggangshan Xiangzhou 1 1 Jiangxi 2022-01-01 2022-12-31 2022-01-01 No. China No. 1 Jiangxi 2018-08-19 2018-08-20 2018-08-19 Chen Kai, Xiang Lanbin China 557 35.25 Manghe 716 112.46 Miaoping 15 6 9 Shanxi 2012-07-18 Li Jinwei China 1251 34.05 Yingtou 721 107.42 Haopingsi 1 1 Shaanxi 1886-05 Leech, Brit. Mus. Slide No. Japan Nagasaki 1 1 Nagasaki 2010-04-18 Zhang Jing, Hu Bingbing China 620 Yinggeling 1 1 Hainan