Black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of Turkish Thrace, with a new record for Turkey Sirin, Uemit Davut Caliskan, Hakan Sahin, Yalcin Biodiversity Data Journal 2015 3 4834 4834 Enderlein, 1924 Enderlein 1924 Insecta Simuliidae Simulium CoL Animalia Simulium (Wilhelmia) balcanicum Diptera 0 4834 Arthropoda species balcanicum Wilhelmia  Materials  Type status: Other material. Occurrence: lifeStage: 14 pupae, 7 larvae; Taxon: scientificName: Simulium (Wilhelmia) balcanicum (Enderlein, 1924); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Simuliidae; genus: Simulium; subgenus: Wilhelmia; scientificNameAuthorship: (Enderlein, 1924); Location: continent: Europe; country: Turkey; stateProvince: Tekirdag; county: Saray; locationRemarks: 25; verbatimLatitude: 41°33'36.45"N; verbatimLongitude: 28°3'50.97"E; Identification: identificationID: esoguent-th-id-159; Event: eventDate: 05/24/2002 Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: 1 malepharate adult; lifeStage: 5 pupae, 9 larvae; Taxon: scientificName: Simulium (Wilhelmia) balcanicum (Enderlein, 1924); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Simuliidae; genus: Simulium; subgenus: Wilhelmia; scientificNameAuthorship: (Enderlein, 1924); Location: continent: Europe; country: Turkey; stateProvince: Edirne; county: Merkez; locationRemarks: 58; verbatimLatitude: 41°46'33.77"N; verbatimLongitude: 26°40'36.82"E; Identification: identificationID: esoguent-th-id-160; Event: eventDate: 05/29/2002 Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: 3 malespharate adult; lifeStage: 8 pupae, 11 larvae; Taxon: scientificName: Simulium (Wilhelmia) balcanicum (Enderlein, 1924); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Simuliidae; genus: Simulium; subgenus: Wilhelmia; scientificNameAuthorship: (Enderlein, 1924); Location: continent: Europe; country: Turkey; stateProvince: Edirne; county: Merkez; locationRemarks: 61; verbatimLatitude: 41°43'25.74"N; verbatimLongitude: 26°33'38.19"E; Identification: identificationID: esoguent-th-id-161; Event: eventDate: 05/30/2002 Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: 1 male; lifeStage: 6 pupae, 6 larvae; Taxon: scientificName: Simulium (Wilhelmia) balcanicum (Enderlein, 1924); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Simuliidae; genus: Simulium; subgenus: Wilhelmia; scientificNameAuthorship: (Enderlein, 1924); Location: continent: Europe; country: Turkey; stateProvince: Edirne; county: Hatipkoey; locationRemarks: 63; verbatimLatitude: 41°48'14.99"N; verbatimLongitude: 26°33'13.31"E; Identification: identificationID: esoguent-th-id-162; Event: eventDate: 05/30/2002 Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: 1 femalepharate adult; lifeStage: 4 pupae, 6 larvae; Taxon: scientificName: Simulium (Wilhelmia) balcanicum (Enderlein, 1924); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Simuliidae; genus: Simulium; subgenus: Wilhelmia; scientificNameAuthorship: (Enderlein, 1924); Location: continent: Europe; country: Turkey; stateProvince: Edirne; county: Karaagac; locationRemarks: 64; verbatimLatitude: 41°40'13.71"N; verbatimLongitude: 26°31'20.94"E; Identification: identificationID: esoguent-th-id-163; Event: eventDate: 05/31/2002 Type status: Other material. Occurrence: lifeStage: 5 pupae, 9 larvae; Taxon: scientificName: Simulium (Wilhelmia) balcanicum (Enderlein, 1924); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Simuliidae; genus: Simulium; subgenus: Wilhelmia; scientificNameAuthorship: (Enderlein, 1924); Location: continent: Europe; country: Turkey; stateProvince: Edirne; county: Kesan; locationRemarks: 70; verbatimLatitude: 41°5'0.44"N; verbatimLongitude: 26°32'11.32"E; Identification: identificationID: esoguent-th-id-164; Event: eventDate: 06/01/2002 Type status: Other material. Occurrence: lifeStage: 3 pupae, 5 larvae; Taxon: scientificName: Simulium (Wilhelmia) balcanicum (Enderlein, 1924); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Simuliidae; genus: Simulium; subgenus: Wilhelmia; scientificNameAuthorship: (Enderlein, 1924); Location: continent: Europe; country: Turkey; stateProvince: Edirne; county: Kesan; locationRemarks: 75; verbatimLatitude: 40°46'5.97"N; verbatimLongitude: 26°30'42.72"E; Identification: identificationID: esoguent-th-id-165; Event: eventDate: 06/02/2002 Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: 1 femalepharate adult; lifeStage: 2 pupae/ 2 pupae; Taxon: scientificName: Simulium (Wilhelmia) balcanicum (Enderlein, 1924); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Simuliidae; genus: Simulium; subgenus: Wilhelmia; scientificNameAuthorship: (Enderlein, 1924); Location: continent: Europe; country: Turkey; stateProvince: Tekirdag; county: Sarkoey; locationRemarks: 83; verbatimLatitude: 40°46'21.52"N; verbatimLongitude: 27°3'32.09"E; Identification: identificationID: esoguent-th-id-166; Event: eventDate: 04.06.2002 / 05.07.2003 Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: 1 malepharate adult; lifeStage: 1 pupa, 2 larvae; Taxon: scientificName: Simulium (Wilhelmia) balcanicum (Enderlein, 1924); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Simuliidae; genus: Simulium; subgenus: Wilhelmia; scientificNameAuthorship: (Enderlein, 1924); Location: continent: Europe; country: Turkey; stateProvince: Canakkale; county: Gelibolu; locationRemarks: 90; verbatimLatitude: 40°26'2.76"N; verbatimLongitude: 26°33'22.85"E; Identification: identificationID: esoguent-th-id-167; Event: eventDate: 06/05/2002 Type status: Other material. Occurrence: lifeStage: 3 pupae, 9 larvae; Taxon: scientificName: Simulium (Wilhelmia) balcanicum (Enderlein, 1924); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Simuliidae; genus: Simulium; subgenus: Wilhelmia; scientificNameAuthorship: (Enderlein, 1924); Location: continent: Europe; country: Turkey; stateProvince: Tekirdag; county: Malkara; locationRemarks: 93; verbatimLatitude: 40°56'45.42"N; verbatimLongitude: 26°53'8.36"E; Identification: identificationID: esoguent-th-id-168; Event: eventDate: 06/06/2002 Type status: Other material. Occurrence: lifeStage: 8 pupae; Taxon: scientificName: Simulium (Wilhelmia) balcanicum (Enderlein, 1924); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Simuliidae; genus: Simulium; subgenus: Wilhelmia; scientificNameAuthorship: (Enderlein, 1924); Location: continent: Europe; country: Turkey; stateProvince: Tekirdag; county: Malkara; locationRemarks: 97; verbatimLatitude: 41°0'48.93"N; verbatimLongitude: 26°56'39.41"E; Identification: identificationID: esoguent-th-id-169; Event: eventDate: 06/06/2002 Type status: Other material. Occurrence: lifeStage: 8 pupae, 4 larvae; Taxon: scientificName: Simulium (Wilhelmia) balcanicum (Enderlein, 1924); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Simuliidae; genus: Simulium; subgenus: Wilhelmia; scientificNameAuthorship: (Enderlein, 1924); Location: continent: Europe; country: Turkey; stateProvince: Tekirdag; county: Hayrabolu; locationRemarks: 100; verbatimLatitude: 41°11'28.14"N; verbatimLongitude: 27°12'29.08"E; Identification: identificationID: esoguent-th-id-170; Event: eventDate: 06/06/2002 Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: 1 malepharate adult; lifeStage: 3 pupae; Taxon: scientificName: Simulium (Wilhelmia) balcanicum (Enderlein, 1924); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Simuliidae; genus: Simulium; subgenus: Wilhelmia; scientificNameAuthorship: (Enderlein, 1924); Location: continent: Europe; country: Turkey; stateProvince: Kirklareli; county: Babaeski; locationRemarks: 103; verbatimLatitude: 41°27'8.31"N; verbatimLongitude: 27°2'44.09"E; Identification: identificationID: esoguent-th-id-171; Event: eventDate: 06/07/2002 Type status: Other material. Occurrence: lifeStage: 2 pupae; Taxon: scientificName: Simulium (Wilhelmia) balcanicum (Enderlein, 1924); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Simuliidae; genus: Simulium; subgenus: Wilhelmia; scientificNameAuthorship: (Enderlein, 1924); Location: continent: Europe; country: Turkey; stateProvince: Kirklareli; county: Merkez; locationRemarks: 124; verbatimLatitude: 41°42'38.22"N; verbatimLongitude: 27°15'46.64"E; Identification: identificationID: esoguent-th-id-172; Event: eventDate: 07/08/2003 Type status: Other material. Occurrence: lifeStage: 2 pupae; Taxon: scientificName: Simulium (Wilhelmia) balcanicum (Enderlein, 1924); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Simuliidae; genus: Simulium; subgenus: Wilhelmia; scientificNameAuthorship: (Enderlein, 1924); Location: continent: Europe; country: Turkey; stateProvince: Tekirdag; county: Corlu; locationRemarks: 130; verbatimLatitude: 41°12'41.18"N; verbatimLongitude: 27°57'15.98"E; Identification: identificationID: esoguent-th-id-173; Event: eventDate: 05/24/2006 Type status: Other material. Occurrence: lifeStage: 5 pupae; Taxon: scientificName: Simulium (Wilhelmia) balcanicum (Enderlein, 1924); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Simuliidae; genus: Simulium; subgenus: Wilhelmia; scientificNameAuthorship: (Enderlein, 1924); Location: continent: Europe; country: Turkey; stateProvince: Tekirdag; county: Corlu; locationRemarks: 131; verbatimLatitude: 41°8'45.21"N; verbatimLongitude: 27°38'53.92"E; Identification: identificationID: esoguent-th-id-174; Event: eventDate: 05/24/2006  Notes  Simulium balcanicumwas reported from four big river basins, BueyuekMenderes, Yesilirmak, Kizilirmakand Sakarya, in Anatolia according to the checklist of Turkish black flies (  Kazanciand Ertunc2008). Crosskey and Zwick (2007)stated that it is widespread in western Anatolia.  Sirinet al. (2014)recorded this species eleven different streams in East Marmara Region. Additionally, S. balcanicumoccurs in the adjacent western countries of Turkey, such as Bulgaria, Greece and Romania. Simulium balcanicumis similar to S. lineatum. The diagnostic character separating the two nominal species is in the pupal gill: in S. lineatumall six inner gill tubes arise independently from the gill base, whereas in S. balcanicumthe posterior pair of inner gill tubes arises in the form of a fork with a common stem ( Crosskey and Zwick 2007). All of our pupae and mature larvae have the balcanicum type of gills. Crosskey and Zwick (2007)doubted that S. lineatumand S. balcanicumare separate species. Because of similarity in the terminalia, the authors predicted that S. balcanicumis not a distinct species, and that the name probably should be synonymized with S. lineatum. They suggested, however, that chromosomal data for both nominal species need to be considered before establishing synonymy. Adler et al. (2012)analyzed the polytene chromosomes of these species in the KizilirmakRiver and other sites in Europe and revealed that S. lineatumand S. balcanicumare distinct, reproductively isolated species. They stated that chromosomally, these two species have fixed-inversion differences and unique autosomal polymorphisms. 2002-05-24 Turkey 41.560123 Turkey 1 28.064157 0 4834 21 7 14 Other material 2002-05-29 Turkey 41.776047 Turkey 1 26.676893 0 4834 15 9 1 5 Other material 2002-05-30 Turkey 41.723816 Turkey 1 26.560608 0 4834 22 11 3 8 Other material 2002-05-30 Turkey 41.804165 Turkey 1 26.553696 0 4834 13 6 1 6 Other material 2002-05-31 Turkey 41.670475 Turkey 1 26.522484 0 4834 11 1 6 4 Other material 2002-01-06 Turkey 41.083454 Turkey 1 26.536478 0 4834 14 9 5 Other material 2002-02-06 Turkey 40.768326 Turkey 1 26.511868 0 4834 8 5 3 Other material 04.06.2002 / 05.07.2003 Turkey 40.772644 Turkey 1 27.058912 0 4834 5 1 4 Other material 2002-05-06 Turkey 40.4341 Turkey 1 26.556347 0 4834 4 2 1 1 Other material 2002-06-06 Turkey 40.94595 Turkey 1 26.885656 0 4834 12 9 3 Other material 2002-06-06 Turkey 41.01359 Turkey 1 26.944279 0 4834 8 8 Other material 2002-06-06 Turkey 41.19115 Turkey 1 27.208078 0 4834 12 4 8 Other material 2002-07-06 Turkey 41.45231 Turkey 1 27.04558 0 4834 4 1 3 Other material 2003-08-07 Turkey 41.710617 Turkey 1 27.262955 0 4834 2 2 Other material 2006-05-24 Turkey 41.21144 Turkey 1 27.95444 0 4834 2 2 Other material 2006-05-24 Turkey 41.145893 Turkey 1 27.648312 0 4834 5 5 Other material