Conus Mercati Brocc. Monteiroconus mercati ( Brocchi, 1814 ) Dendroconus Conus Mojsvari Hoernes 1878a : 195 Hoernes 1878a : 195 Hoernes & Auinger 1879 : 18 Hoernes & Auinger 1879 : 18 Hoernes & Auinger 1879 : 27 Sacco 1893a : 20 Conus ( Lithoconus ) mercati Brocc. Florei 1961 : 688 Monteiroconus mercati ( Brocchi, 1814 ) Conus ( Lithoconus ) mercatii miocaenicus Strausz 1966 : 455 Conus ( Lithoconus ) mercatii miocaenicus Conus ( Lithoconus ) mercati sharpeanus ( Costa ) 1866 Conus ( Lithoconus ) mercatti Conus ( Lithoconus ) mercatti [sic] miocenicus Sacco—Chira & Voia 2001 : 156 Monteiroconus mercati ( Brocchi, 1814 ) Monteiroconus mercati Conus ( Lithoconus ) mercati miocaenicus Monteiroconus daciae Hoernes & Auinger, 1879 Conus ( Lithoconus ) mercati Brocchi—Schultz 1998: 72 Monteiroconus daciae ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1879 ) Conus ( Lithoconus ) mercatti Voia 2001 : 156 Pseudonoduloconus austriacus ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1879 ) A revision of the Neogene Conidae and Conorbidae (Gastropoda) of the Paratethys Sea Harzhauser, Mathias Landau, Bernard Zootaxa 2016 4210 1 1 178 Hoernes & Auinger, 1879 Hoernes & Auinger 1879 [151,789,1591,1618] Gastropoda Conidae Monteiroconus CoL Animalia Neogastropoda 109 110 Mollusca species mojsvari    Conus MercatiBrocc.—Hörnes 1851: 23 (partim), pl. 2, figs 1a–b [non  Monteiroconus mercati( Brocchi, 1814)].  [  Dendroconus] [  Conus]  Mojsvarin. f.—  Hoernes 1878a: 195(nomen nudum).   [  Dendroconus] [  Conus] Gainfahrensisn. f.—  Hoernes 1878a: 195(nomen nudum).    Conus( Dendroconus) Mojsvarinov. form.—  Hoernes & Auinger 1879: 18, pl. 3, fig. 2.    Conus( Dendroconus) Gainfahrenensisnov. form.—  Hoernes & Auinger 1879: 18, pl. 2, fig. 4.    Conus( Lithoconus) MercatiBrocc.—  Hoernes & Auinger 1879: 27(partim).  [  Conus] L.[ ithoconus]  Mercatii var. miocaenicaSacc.—  Sacco 1893a: 20[nov. nom. pro  Conus mercatiin Hörnes 1851, pl. 2, fig. 1].   Conus( Lithoconus) mercatii[sic] miocaenica[sic] Sacco—Csepreghy-Meznerics 1956: 421, pl. 10, figs 7–8.     Conus( Lithoconus) mercatiBrocc.—  Florei 1961: 688, pl. 9, fig. 66 [non  Monteiroconus mercati( Brocchi, 1814)].    Conus( Lithoconus) mercatii miocaenicus[sic] Sacco, 1893—  Strausz 1966: 455, pl. 68, figs 3–5.   Conus( Lithoconus) mercatii miocaenicus[sic] Sacco, 1893– Nicorici & Sagatovici 1973: 175, pl. 27, fig. 1.  Conus( Lithoconus) mercati sharpeanus(  Costa) 1866—Bohn-Havas 1973: 1123, pl. 7, fig. 9.?  Conus( Lithoconus) mercatti[sic] subaustriacaSacco—Chira & Voia 2001: 156, pl. 2, figs 4a–b.  Conus( Lithoconus) mercatti [sic] miocenicusSacco—Chira & Voia 2001: 156, pl. 2, figs 3a–b.  Monteiroconus mercati( Brocchi, 1814)— Kovács & Vicián 2013: 78, figs 89–91 (non figs 87–88) [non  Monteiroconus mercati ( Brocchi, 1814)]. non  Conus( Lithoconus) mercati miocaenicus[ sic] Sacco—Nicorici 1972: 70, pl. 17, figs 1–2 [=  Monteiroconus daciae Hoernes & Auinger, 1879)]. non  Conus( Lithoconus) mercatiBrocchi—Schultz 1998: 72, pl. 29, figs 12a–b [=  Monteiroconus daciae( Hoernes & Auinger, 1879)].  non  Conus( Lithoconus) mercatti[sic] caniculatodepresaSacco—Chira &  Voia 2001: 156, pl. 2, figs 2a–b [=  Pseudonoduloconus austriacus( Hoernes & Auinger, 1879)].     Typematerial. Syntype  NHMW1853/0010/0001, Gainfarn( Austria), illustrated in  Hoernes& Auinger(1879, pl. 3, fig. 2), 2 spec.  syntypes  NHMW1867/9919/0001, Coşteiu de Sus( Romania); middle Miocene, Badenian (late Langhian). The type locality of  Conus gainfahrenensis Hoernes & Auinger, 1879, considered to be junior synonym of  M. mojsvari, is the middle Miocene locality Gainfarn in Austria. The type locality of  Conus miocaenicusSacco, 1893, considered to be junior synonym of  M. mojsvari, is the middle Miocene locality Pötzleinsdorf in Austria.    Studiedmaterial. Syntypesand 1 spec.   NHMW1847/0037/0024, Pötzleinsdorf( Austria), illustrated specimen in Hörnes(1851, pl. 2, fig. 1), syntypeof  Conus miocaenicusSacco, 1893; 1 spec.   NHMW1855/0045/ 0 0 0 1, Steinebrunn( Austria); 1 NHMW 1853/0003/0001, 1 spec. NHMW 1997z0178/1484, 1 spec. NHMW 1855/ 0045/0354, 4 spec.   NHMW1846/0037/0046, Gainfarn( Austria); 1 spec.  NHMW1848/0021/0023, Grinzing( Austria).  Illustrated material. Figs 25E1–E 2,26I, 17T: Pötzleinsdorf ( Austria): SL: 103.6 mm, MD: 60.3 mm, NHMW1847/0037/0024, illustrated in Hörnes (1851, pl. 2, fig. 1); Figs 25F1–F2,26J: syntype, Gainfarn ( Austria): SL: 87.2 mm, MD: 54.3 mm, NHMW1853/0010/0001, illustrated in Hoernes & Auinger (1879, pl. 3, fig. 2).  Revised description.Moderately large to large shell up to 105 mmin height; about 10 teleoconch whorls. Depressed spire with initially moderately coeloconoid and later low conical outline; adapical half of spire whorls weakly concave, distinctly striate; abapical part convex, sometimes bulging. Subsutural flexure of medium depth, strongly curved, moderately asymmetrical; suture usually wavy and irregular. Shoulder weakly angulated; position of maximum diameter slightly below shoulder; last whorl regularly conical below periphery, not constricted. Surface smooth except for weak growth lines and indistinct, low spiral cords on base. Aperture moderately wide, anteriorly broadening; siphonal canal very short, wide, nearly straight; fasciole not well demarcated, weakly swollen with prominent growth lines; inner lip twisted. No colour pattern preserved.   Shell measurements and ratios.n = 8 adultand subadult specimens: largest specimen: SL: 105 mm, MD: 63.8 mm, mean SL: 89.3 mm(σ = 11.2), mean MD: 53.7 mm(σ = 6.7), spire angle: µ = 132.3° (σ = 8.5°), last whorl angle: µ = 37.3° (σ = 2.1°), LW: µ = 1.67 (σ = 0.06), RD: µ = 0.66 (σ = 0.02), PMD: µ = 0.88 (σ = 0.02), RSH: µ = 0.09 (σ = 0.01).   Discussion.The very broad species concept of Hörnes (1851) united several species as  Conus mercati, which were later recognized as distinct taxa by Hoernes & Auinger (1879)and Sacco (1893a).  Monteiroconus mercatihas smooth spire whorls, whereas the Paratethyan shells variously placed on  M. mercatiin the literature all have striate spire whorls (see Landau et al. 2013). The first available name for this mercati-like shells with conical spire (in contrast to  M. daciae) and moderately elongate last whorl is  Conus mojsvari Hoernes & Auinger, 1879. Later, Sacco (1893a)introduced  Conus mercatii miocaenicaas variation name for the specimen illustrated by Hörnes (1851, pl. 2, fig. 1) without discussing its relation with  C. mojsvari. The only difference between the syntypesof  Monteiroconus mojsvariand the syntypeof  M. miocaenicusis the larger size, more elongate last whorl and the slightly gradate last two spire whorls of  M. miocaenicus.As there are also intermediate specimens between both morphotypes, we consider  M. miocaenicusa very large specimen of  M. mojsvariand treat it as subjective junior synonym. The single specimen, described by Hoernes & Auinger (1879)as  Conus gainfahrenensis(NHMW 1855/0045/ 0351), is just an aberrant specimen of  M. mojsvariwith a slight constriction in the middle of the last whorl.  Paleoenvironment.All occurrences reflect shallow water environments, partly with sea grass meadows and coral patches ( Zuschin et al.2007; Kovács & Vicián 2013).   Distribution in Paratethys.Badenian (middle Miocene):  ViennaBasin:Gainfarn Pötzleinsdorf, Steinebrunn, Grinzing ( Austria) ( Hoernes & Auinger 1879; Sieber 1958b; NHMW collection); Pannonian Basin:Várpalota, Letkés, Szob, Biatorbágy, Devecser, Diósd, Kemence, Márkháza, Mátraverebély, Sámsonháza, Budapest: Adria street, Illés street, Rákos ( Hungary) ( Kovács & Vicián 2013); Caransebeş-Mehadia Basin:Zorlenţu-Mare ( Romania) ( Florei 1961); Transylvanian Basin: Coşteiu de Sus, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) (NHMW collection); Zârand Basin: Minişul de Sus ( Romania) ( Nicorici & Sagatovici 1973). 1425219575 NHMW Gainfarn & Hoernes & Auinger Austria Austria 110 111 NHMW 1853 2 syntype 1425219569 [353,1060,622,647] NHMW Costeiu de Sus Romania Romania 110 111 NHMW 1867 1 syntype 1425219584 [199,694,766,791] Studied 110 111 1 syntype 1425219570 NHMW Austria Potzleinsdorf Hornes 110 111 NHMW 1847 1 syntype 1425219579 NHMW Austria Steinebrunn 110 111 NHMW 1855 1 syntype 1425219568 [388,914,874,899] NHMW Austria Gainfarn 110 111 NHMW 1846 1 syntype 1425219586 NHMW Austria Grinzing 110 111 NHMW 1848 1 syntype