Nipponeurorthus fasciatus The Nevrorthidae, mistaken at all times: phylogeny and review of present knowledge (Holometabola, Neuropterida, Neuroptera) Aspoeck, Ulrike Aspoeck, Horst Liu, Xingyue Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 2017 64 2 77 110 47GZJ Nakahara, 1958 Nakahara 1958 Insecta Nevrorthidae Nipponeurorthus CoL Animalia Nipponeurorthus fasciatus Neuroptera 8 85 Arthropoda species fasciatus    NipponeurorthusfasciatusNakahara, 1958: 28 (odescr, figs: wings, gs male): Nakahara 1966(distr); Hayashi 2005(list, distr, figs); U. Aspoeckand H. Aspoeck2007 (fig: distrmap); U. Aspoeckand H. Aspoeck2008b (distrmap); Liu et al. 2014(key, fig: distrmap).  Type locality. China (Taiwan: Urai).  Male. Forewing length 7.6-7.7 mm, hindwing length 6.7-7.2 mm. Head yellow. Antennae yellow. Mouthparts yellow; mandibles with brownish tips. Thorax yellow; pronotum with lateral margins slightly darker; meso- and metanota laterally with a pair of broad brown markings. Legs yellow, with 5th tarsomere slightly darker. Wings slightly yellowish brown, with pterostigmatic areas pale brown; forewing with distal and posterior margins almost brown and with pale brown markings on gradate crossveins as well as on 1r-rs; other pale brown markings present on branching points of most longitudinal veins. Veins yellowish brown except for those in dark markings brown. Hindwing much paler than forewing, with distal margin brown. Veins pale yellowish brown, with 1r-rs, 2r-rs, and gradate crossveins brown. Abdomen yellow, dorsally largely tinged with pale reddish brown. Gonocoxite 9 robust on proximal half, with a small hairy tubercle on inner surface; distal half strongly incurved, with an obtuse ventral lobe; gonostylus 9 spinous with a feebly produced subdistal projection. Ectoproct broad, directed posteroventrad, and slightly concaved medially on posterior margin. Complex of gonocoxites + gonostyli + gonapophyses 10 rather small; lateral arms much longer than distal projections, which are slenderly digitiform and parallelly directed dorsad. Gonocoxites 11 present as a simple, transverse, sclerotized band; gonostyli 11 present as posteriorly bifurcated sclerite.  Female. Forewing length 11.7 mm, hindwing length 10.8 mm. Fused gonocoxites 8 about 1.5 times as long as tergite 8, flatly plate-like. Gonapophyses 8 subtrapezoidal, largely covered by gonocoxite 8, lateral margins distinctly sclerotized. Bursa copulatrix comprising a generally subglobal sac-like structure, which is nearly as long as tergite 8; proximal portion moderately sclerotized, lateral portion protruding into a pair of ovoid membranous lobes, which are acutely pointed dorsad.  Specimens examined and records published. Supplementary material 1. Holotype male (by original designation): China, "Urai Formosa, June 20, 1922 (Dr. Kichizo Takeuchi)" (NSMT).  Biology and ecology. Adults have been taken from April-June. The known vertical distribution is 1100 m.  Distribution. China (Taiwan).  Figure 9. Genital segments of Nipponeurorthusspp. a-f Nipponeurorthus fasciatusNakahara, a-cmale: a lateral b ventral c dorsal d-ffemale: d lateral e gonocoxites 8 and gonapophyses 8, ventral f bursa copulatrix g-i Nipponeurorthus flintiU. Aspoeck& H. Aspoeck, male holotype: g ventral h lateral i dorsal. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.