Serpulidae (Annelida) of Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia Kupriyanova, Elena K. Sun, Yanan Ten Hove, Harry A. Wong, Eunice Rouse, Greg W. Zootaxa 2015 4019 1 275 353 6MJNN [151,321,822,848] Polychaeta Serpulidae Hydroides Animalia Sabellida 8 283 Annelida species lirs sp. nov.   Material examined. Holotype: AMW.43967, MI QLD 2354. Paratypes: AMW.41749, Yonge Reef, 14°35'S, 145°37'E, coll. R. Smith, 5 Nov 1985; AMW.42357, Yonge Reef, back reef bommie, 14°36'S, 145°37'E, coll. R. Smith, 7 Nov 1985; AMW.42358, same;  ZMAV. Pol.5035, stn.21, south Lizard Island, 14°42'S, 145°28'E, sloping silty reef, little coral cover, 20 m, coll. H. ten Hove & P. Hutchings, 6 Mar 1986.  Other material examined. AMW.42366, Palm Group, Orpheus Island, Pioneer Bay, 18°37'S, 146°30'E, coll. R. Smith, Oct 1984.   Diagnosis.Opercular verticil with a basal column and 11–12 spines ( Figs 4A, 5A). All verticil spines with pointed tips and one pointed internal spinule each at mid-length. Dorsal verticil spine large hook, strongly curved inward and bearing a pair of lateral spinules distally; other spines similar in size and shape, curved outwards. Central tooth absent. Funnel with 20–30 chitinized radii ending in long pointed tips; radii each bearing a minute internal spinule basally; base of funnel elongated, chitinized. Grooves separating radii extending 1/2 of funnel length.   Description.TUBE: white, width 3.86 mm (4.24 ± 0.92 mm, n = 3, 3.57–4.24 mm), with lumen of 3.14 mm (2.76 ± 0.66 mm, n = 3, 2–3.14 mm). Circular in cross section, without longitudinal ridges. BRANCHIAE: with 20 radioles on left lobe, 24 radioles on right lobe (21.2 ± 1.3 left radioles, n = 5, 20–23; 22.6 ± 1.95 right radioles, n = 5, 20–25), arranged in semicircles, not connected by inter-radiolar membrane ( Fig. 4B). Branchial eyes absent. PEDUNCLE: smooth, circular in cross section, inserted just below first and second normal radioles; with clear chitinized constriction at the base of the funnel ( Fig. 4A). Pseudoperculum present. OPERCULUM: with distal verticil inserted on short stalk into proximal oblique radially symmetrical funnel. Verticil with 11 spines (11.4 ± 0.55, n = 5, 11–12), with pointed tip; one dorsal hook stout, elongated, curved inward, with a pair of subterminal lateral spinules; other verticil spines curved outwards, with one inner spinule at about half of their length ( Figs 4A, 5A). Basal spinule absent. Funnel with 34 (50 ± 10.3, n = 5, 34–62) sharp chitinized radii, each radius with one curved basal tooth. Grooves separating radii extending 1/3 to 1/2 of funnel length. Length of operculum 2.33 mm (3.27 ± 0.64 mm, n = 5, 2.33– 4 mm), width 1.37 mm (1.93 ± 0.48 mm, n = 5, 1.37–2.67 mm). COLLAR AND THORACIC MEMBRANES: collar low, continuous with thoracic membranes, forming apron across anterior abdominal chaetigers. THORAX: with collar chaetiger and 6 uncinigerous chaetigers. Collar chaetaeof two types: bayonet with two short conical teeth ( Fig. 5B) and limbate. Subsequent chaetaelimbate, of two sizes. Uncini along entire thorax sawshaped with 6–7 teeth ( Fig. 5C).   FIGURE 4.  Hydroides lirs n. sp.A. Fixed specimen, various views of the same operculum, AMW.41749; B. Live animal in tube, AMW.43967. Photo: A—E. Wong, B—A. Semenov. Scale bars: A = 0.1 mm, B = 1 mm.   FIGURE 5.  Hydroides lirs n. sp., AMW.42366, SEM images. A. Operculum, top view; B. Collar chaetae; C. Uncini of thoracic chaetiger; D. Uncini of anterior abdominal chaetiger; E. Flat trumpet-shaped chaetaeof mid-abdominal chaetiger; F. Uncini of midabdominal chaetiger. Photo: A–F—Y. Sun & S. Lindsay. Scales: A, B = 0.1 mm, C–F = 0.01 mm. ABDOMEN: abdominal chaetigers 140 (131 ± 10.3, n = 3, 120–140 mm). Chaetaeflat trumpet-shaped ( Fig. 5E), uncini saw-shaped anteriorly ( Fig. 5D, F), with pointed fang and 4–5 teeth; rasp-shaped with 2–5 rows of teeth and fang and up to 4–5 teeth in profile view posteriorly. Simple capillaries present posteriorly. SIZE: length 16.7 mm (24.6 ± 8.26 mm, n = 5, 16.7–34.3 mm). Width of thorax 2.57 mm (2.46 ± 0.23 mm, n = 5, 2.14–2.71 mm). Branchiae and operculum accounting for 1/5 of entire length. COLOUR: verticil spines and tips of funnel radii yellow. Base of branchial crown purple, brown, yellow bands present above the purple base, the middle region of branchial crown with white bands, terminal brown to yellow ( Fig. 4B). ECOLOGY: found from subtidal, 10–20 m, embedded in corals.   Etymology.The species name honours Australian Museum’s Lizard IslandResearch Station ( LIRS), recognised as one of the best field stations in the world for tropical marine research and a world-leading supplier of on-reef facilities for coral reef research and education.   Remarks.The new species was originally labelled as  H. exaltata( Marenzeller, 1885)or  H. minax( Grube, 1878)in the AMcollections because it resembles  H. exaltatain having a large smoothly incurved dorsal spine and verticil spines with an internal spinule each, and also resembles  H. minaxin the presence of a pair of distal lateral spinules on the incurved dorsal spine.  Hydroides lirs n. sp.differs from  H. exaltatain having a pair of lateral spinules on the incurved dorsal spine, which is absent in  H. exaltata. From  H. minaxthe new species can be distinguished by the following characters: dorsal hook is smoothly curved in  H. lirs n. sp., but strongly curved in  H. minax; verticil spines in  H. minaxare short and lack internal spinules that are present in  H. minax.The basal teeth typical for of the funnel radii in  H. lirs n. sp.were not observed either in  H. exaltataor in  H. minax.  Hydroides lirs n. sp.also resembles  H. pseudexaltata Pillai, 2009, but can be distinguished from latter by the presence of lateral spinules in its dorsal spine, internal spinules in the verticil spines (as opposed to the absence of lateral and internal spinules in  H. pseudexaltata) and its sharp-tipped funnel radii (as opposed to almost T-shaped tips in  H. pseudexaltata).    Typelocality.Lizard Island, Qld, Australia.   Distribution.Lizard Island, Orpheus Island, Qld, Australia.