Review of the Spirobolida on Madagascar, with descriptions of twelve new genera, including three genera of ' fire millipedes' (Diplopoda) Wesener, Thomas Enghoff, Henrik Sierwald, Petra ZooKeys 2009 2009-09-04 19 19 1 128 X8B8 Wesener Wesener & Enghoff & Sierwald 2009 [140,526,166,193] Diplopoda Pachybolidae Colossobolus Animalia Spirobolida 24 25 Arthropoda species semicyclus sp. nov.   urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 8205B095-B802-46B7-8BA7-BEF078E551A8    Materialexamined: 2 ♂, 2 ♀, 1 imm.  Holotype:1 ♂ ( 120 mmlong), CAS BLF10114a. Madagascar, Province Antsiranana, Forêt d’Antsahabe,  11.4 km275°W Daraina, tropical dry forest,  550 m, 13°12’42” S, 049°33’24” E, leg. B. L. Fisheret al.,  12.XII.2003.   Paratypes: 1 ♀, 1 imm., CAS BLF10114a, same data as holotype; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, FMMC 5488, Province Antsiranana, near Analamozava River,  7.5 kmSW Daraina, undisturbed humid lowland forest,  325–600 m, 13°15.3’ S, 49°37.0’ E, leg. S. Goodman,  3–10.XI.2001, pitfall trap.   Othermaterial examined:2 ♂, 1 ♀, CAS BLF10877a, Forêt de Binara, 9.1 kmSW Daraina, rainforest, 650–800 m, 13°15’48” S, 049°36’12” E, leg. B. L. Fisher, 19.XI.2004.    Differentialdiagnosis:  Colossobolus semicyclus sp. n.cannot be separated from other sympatric  Colossobolusspecies by external features alone ( Fig. 10). Differs from all other species in the unique shape of the posterior gonopod telopodite ( Figs 9F–I) and in the presence of a well-rounded coxite process on the anterior gonopod. Shares with  C. oblongopedus sp. n.and  C. giganteus sp. n.a finger-shaped coxite process on the posterior gonopods.    Description. Measurements: males with 49–52 body rings, circa 120 mmlong, 9.7–11.4 mmwide. Females with 49–52 body rings, 100–125 mmlong, 10.5–11.0 mm wide.  Colorationaffected by alcohol. Head, legs, antennae and telson red. Meso- and metazonites of body rings reddish-brown, posterior margin with a thin, dark brown line ( Figs 9A–C). Antennaeprotruding back to ring 3 ( Fig. 9A). Male coxal processespresent on coxae 3 and 4, well-developed. Coxae 5–7 with visible, but short processes ( Fig. 9B).  Preanal processwell-rounded, not projecting ( Fig. 9C).  Anterior gonopodsternite elongated into a wide, broadly rounded lobe ( Fig. 9D). Mesal process of coxite weakly developed, protruding into a short wide lobe which slightly extends beyond sternite ( Fig. 9D). Telopodite on posterior side basally with a circular groove ( Fig. 9E). Telopodite process long and relatively slender. Mesal margin laterally sharp-edged, but not projecting ( Fig. 9E).  Posterior gonopodsunique ( Figs 9F–I). Telopodites positioned face-to face with one another. Coxite branch relatively short, wide and stout ( Figs 9F–I). Lateral branch of telopodite curved, forming a ‘C’ together with coxite branch. Central membranous area protruding ( Figs 9F, H). Mesal main branch well-developed, apical part overlapping lateral branch ( Figs 9G, I). Mesal margin of main branch with two overlapping membranous folds. Membranous folds large, well-rounded, forming a half-circle ( Figs 9G, I).   Intraspecificvariation:animals from the typeseries (Forêt Antsahabe) differ greatly in size from those collected only some kilometers away in an area close to the Analamozava River. Specimens from the typeseries have 52 body rings while those from the Analamozava River have only 49. Specimens from Antsahabe are approximately 10 mmlonger but 1 mmslimmer than those from the Analamozava River. Males from both localities show identical gonopods. Those differences can probably be accounted for by the fact that the habitat on the Antsahabe site is much drier than the Analamozava River site. However, more specimens from both sites are necessary to further refine this intraspecific variation.    Distributionand ecology: this species has hitherto been recorded only in dry and subhumid forests at mid-altitudes ( 325–800 m) around Daraina ( Fig. 10).  C. semicyclus sp. n.occurs at Antsahabe sympatrically with  C. oblongopedus sp. n., at the Analamozava river site sympatrically with  C. aculeatus sp. n.    Etymology:  semicyclus, adjective, refers to the uniquely shaped posterior gonopod telopodite. 2608818300 2003-12-12 CAS, BLF B. L. Fisher Madagascar 550 -13.211666 Foret d'Antsahabe 21 49.556667 Province 24 25 3 2 Antsiranana holotype 2608818213 [342,1103,378,404] 2003-12-12 CAS, BLF B. L. Fisher Madagascar 550 -13.211666 Foret d'Antsahabe 21 49.556667 Province 24 25 2 1 Antsiranana paratype 2608818216 2001-11-03 2001-11-10 2001-11-03 FMMC S. Goodman Madagascar 463 -13.255 Analamozava River 129 49.616665 Province 24 25 FMMC 5488 1 1 Antsiranana paratype