Dendrophryniscus brevipollicatus lauroi Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926 Dendrophryniscus Dendrophryniscus Taxonomic review of Dendrophryniscus brevipollicatus Jiménez de la Espada, 1870, with revalidation of D. imitator (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920) and D. lauroi Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926, and description of four new related species (Anura, Bufonidae) Cruz, Carlos Alberto Gonçalves Caramaschi, Ulisses Fusinatto, Luciana Ardenghi Brasileiro, Cinthia Aguirre Zootaxa 2019 2019-07-29 4648 1 27 62 7K229 Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926 Miranda-Ribeiro 1926 [151,752,1394,1421] Amphibia Bufonidae Dendrophryniscus Animalia Anura 11 38 Chordata species lauroi stat. nov.  ( Figs. 6–8)    Dendrophryniscus brevipollicatus lauroi Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926.   Dendrophryniscusb. travassoiP. Miranda-Ribeiro, 1955— nomen nudum.   Dendrophryniscusbrevipollicatus— Cochran 1955(part); Izecksohn 1994(part).     Lectotype. MNRJ 394, adult female ( Fig. 6), collected at Municipality of Angrados Reis ( 22 o54’S, 44 o20’W, Datum WGS 84;  25 maltitude), Stateof Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, by Lauro Travassos.  Miranda-Ribeiro (1926), in the original description, referred to two typos( syntypes). P. Miranda-Ribeiro (1955)found only one specimen, which was designated lectotype. Currently the lectotype( SVL 18.2 mm) is in poor condition, fade, with a strong transversal sulcus caused by an early line tied behind the head, and right leg broken.  Diagnosis.The species is characterized by: (1) medium size for the genus ( SVL 14.5–19.9 mmin males, 19.0 mm in female); (2) body slender; (3) snout rounded in dorsal view; (4) canthus rostralisstraight; (5) elliptical set of unpigmented shallow granules posterior to the corner of mouth; (6) presence of numerous granules on upper eyelid surfaces, with the external margin slightly prominent; (7) tip of the third and fourth fingers laterally expanded (8) skinfold poor developed on the articulation of the first and second phalanges of the fingers II, III, and IV; (9) male with moderate nuptial pad with minuscule and pigmented horny asperities on finger I; (10) fingers not fringed nor webbed.   FIGURE 6.  Dendrophryniscus lauroi Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926, lectotype, MNRJ 394 (SVL 18.2 mm). Dorsal view.  Comparisons with other species. Dendrophryniscus lauroiis distinguished from  D. proboscideusby the smaller size ( SVL 14.5–19.9 mmin males of  D. lauroi; SVL 39.2–46.4 mmin males of  D. proboscideus);  D. lauroiis distinguished from  D. krausaeand  D. stawiarskyiby the slender body with uniform shape (robust and enlarged posteriorly in those species);  D. lauroiis distinguished from  D. davori  sp. nov.,  D. brevipollicatus,  D. haddadi  sp. nov.,  D. imitator,  D. izecksohni  sp. nov.,  D. krausae,  D. oreites,  D. organensis,  D. proboscideus, and  D. skukiby the snout rounded in dorsal view (snout mucronate in dorsal view in  D. davori  sp. nov.,  D. brevipollicatus,  D. haddadi  sp. nov.,  D. imitator,  D. izecksohni  sp. nov., and  D. organensis; snout truncate in dorsal view in  D. krausae,  D. oreites, and  D. proboscideus; snout long, narrow, spatulate, with parallel lateral borders and rounded tip in  D. skuki); by the canthus rostralisstraight,  D. lauroiis distinguished from  D. berthalutzae,  D. brevipollicatus,  D. haddadi  sp. nov.,  D. imitator,  D. izecksohni  sp. nov.,  D. oreites,  D. organensis,  D. proboscideus, and  D. skuki( canthus rostralisslightly curved);  D. lauroipresents an elliptical set of unpigmented shallow granules posterior to the corner of mouth (elliptical set of white, pronounced granules in  D. brevipollicatus; longitudinal set in  D. berthalutzae,  D. krausae,  D. leucomystax, and  D. oreites; two pronounced granules in  D. imitator; absent in  D. carvalhoi,  D. haddadi  sp. nov.,  D. organensis,  D. proboscideus,  D. skuki, and  D. stawiarskyi);  D. lauroipresents the surfaces of upper eyelid with numerous granules and with the external margin slightly prominent (surfaces of upper eyelid with numerous granules densely distributed and with a conspicuous margin in  D. brevipollicatusand  D. izecksohni  sp. nov.; surfaces of upper eyelid with few granules sparse and external margin prominent in  D. haddadi  sp. nov.and  D. imitator; surfaces of upper eyelid with few granules sparse and external margin conspicuous in  D. davori  sp. nov.);  D. lauroiis distinguished from  D. davori  sp. nov.,  D. berthalutzae,  D. carvalhoi,  D. haddadi  sp. nov.,  D. imitator,  D. krausae,  D. oreites, and  D. stawiarskyiby the tip of the third and fourth fingers laterally expanded (poorly or not expanded in those species);  D. lauroiis distinguished from  D. brevipollicatusby the presence of a skinfold poorly developed on the articulation of the first and second phalanges of the fingers II, III, and IV (well developed in this species);  D. lauroiis distinguished from  D. davori  sp. nov.,  D. carvalhoi,  D. izecksohni  sp. nov.,  D. leucomystax, and  D. stawiarskyiby the presence of moderate nuptial pad in male (absent in  D. leucomystax, very developed in  D. davori  sp. nov.,  D. carvalhoi,  D. izecksohni  sp. nov., and  D. stawiarskyi);  D. lauroiis distinguished from  D. brevipollicatusby the fingers not fringed nor webbed (slightly fringed and webbed only at base in this species), from  D. krausae(fingers not fringed and webbed only at base), and from  D. izecksohni  sp. nov.and  D. jureia  sp. nov.(fingers fringed and webbed about one third).  Original description(freely translated from Portuguese). “B—  D. b. lauroi—Specimens from Angra dos Reis, collected by Dr. Lauro Travassos present two types, with weakening of xyphisternum, absence of supranasal groove, and body more slender.  Description of topotype. MNRJ58298, adult male, collected at IlhaGrande ( 23 o10’S, 44 o09’W, Datum WGS 84, 100 maltitude), Municipality of Angra dos Reis, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, on 03 January 1997.   FIGURE 7.  Dendrophryniscus lauroi Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926, topotype, MNRJ 58298 (SVL 19.2 mm). Dorsal and ventral views. Body slender, elongated ( Fig. 7); head triangular, longer than large, head length 30.7% of SVL; snout rounded in dorsal view, acute in lateral view ( Fig. 8); snout 49.1% of head length; nostrils not protuberant, small, elliptical, located laterally near the tip of snout, slightly below the canthus rostralis; internarial distance 55.1% of eye to snout distance; eye diameter 75.8% of eye to snout distance and 91.6% of interorbital distance; eye slightly protuberant; canthus rostralisstraight; loreal region vertical; vocal sac indistinct; choanae small, circular, very far from each other; tongue long, narrow. Vocal slits present. Arms robust, forearms more robust than upper arms; hand with fingers slender, not fringed nor webbed, distal end of III and IV fingers slightly expanded laterally; finger I enlarged, covered by moderate nuptial pad with minuscule pigmented horny asperities; relative lengths of fingers I< II< IV< III; subarticular tubercles single, rounded; outer metacarpal tubercle large, rounded; inner metacarpal tu- bercle rounded, slightly smaller than subarticular tubercles; supernumerary tubercles present, small and scarce, skin fold poorly developed on the articulation of the first and second phalanges of the fingers II, III, and IV. Thigh length slightly shorter than tibia length; sum of thigh and tibia lengths 83.5% of snout–vent length. Tarsal length 28% of the snout vent length. Foot with slender toes, not fringed; interdigital webbing only at the base, webbing formulae: I1–2II 11/2–3 III2– 21/2IV  21/2–2V; distal end of toes globose, not expanded laterally, relative lengths of toes I< II< III<V< IV; subarticular tubercles single, rounded, larger than those of fingers; outer metatarsal tubercle large, approximately rounded; inner metatarsal tubercle large, elliptical; supernumerary tubercles present, small, scarce. Dorsal and lateral surfaces covered by numerous spinulose shallow granules, uniformly distributed, ventral surfaces rugose; presence of numerous granules on upper eyelid surfaces, with the external margin slightly prominent; pres- ence of elliptical set of unpigmented shallow granules posterior to the corner of mouth.   FIGURE 8.  Dendrophryniscus lauroi Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926, topotype, MNRJ 58298 (SVL 19.2 mm). Dorsal and lateral views of head, ventral views of hand and foot.  Color in preservative.The color of the lectotypeis fade because of the time of preservation, and the body surfaces are homogeneously pale brown, being not possible to observe the body blotches. The topotype presents dorsum pale brown background and brown blotches and bars; a head blotch extending on the upper eyelids, an ‘X’ shaped blotch on the scapular region, and an inverse ‘Y’ shaped blotch on the sacral region; on forearms, one transversal bar and one blotch on elbow; one transversal bar on thigh, tibia, and tarsus, and one blotch on knees and heels; a lateral dark brown stripe from the snout, passing on the eye and reaching the inguinal region, being narrower in the loreal region; ventral surface pale cream, with disperse small brown blotches.  Measurements of topotype.SVL 19.2; HL 5.9; HW 5.7; IND 1.6; ESD 2.9; ED 2.2; IOD 2.4; THL 8.1; TL 8.4; TAL 5.2; FL 6.7.  Variation.Specimens are congruent respecting morphological characters. Variation in size and shape of the brown blotches on dorsal surfaces can be observed. Variation of measurements and descriptive statistics of males and females are presented in Tables 2and 3. Sexual dimorphism can be observed on SVL (longer in females), on arms (more robust in males), finger I (robust in males), and nuptial pad (on finger I of males). Nuptial pad can be pigmented or not.  Distribution. Dendrophryniscus lauroiis known from the following municipalities ( Fig. 17) in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Angra dos Reis, IlhaGrande ( 22 o10’S, 44 o09’W, Datum WGS 84; 100 maltitude), Angra dos Reis, Fazenda Floresta ( 22 o54’S, 44 o20’W, Datum WGS 84; 25 maltitude), and Mangaratiba ( 22 o59’S, 44 o06’W, Datum WGS 84; 80 maltitude); and State of São Paulo, Municipality of Bananal ( 22 o41’S, 44 o19’W, Datum WGS 84; 500 maltitude).  Natural history.This species is associated to forested areas and restinga formations, from few meters to 500 mabove sea level, and breeds in bromeliads plants, where its larvae develop (D. Vrcibradic and C.A.G. Cruz personal observations). Tadpoles were described in Izecksohn and Cruz (1972)as  D. brevipollicatus.  Remarks.An illustration of  D. lauroiwas presented by Miranda-Ribeiro (1926, fig.72, pg. 138). 2413160001 MNRJ Angra dos Reis Brazil 25 -22.9 Municipality of Angra 1258 -44.333332 State 11 38 MNRJ 394 1 Rio de Janeiro lectotype