New species and additional data on the chewing louse genus Myrsidea (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from wild Neotropical Passeriformes (Aves) Kolencik, Stanislav Sychra, Oldrich Papousek, Ivo Kuabara, Kamila M. D. Valim, Michel P. Literak, Ivan Zootaxa 2018 4418 5 401 431 Kolencik & Sychra & Papousek & Kuabara & Valim & Literak, 2018 Kolencik & Sychra & Papousek & Kuabara & Valim & Literak 2018 [151,397,1764,1790] Insecta Menoponidae Myrsidea GBIF Animalia Phthiraptera 17 418 Arthropoda species pyriglenae sp. nov.    Typehost.  Pyriglena leucoptera(Vieillot, 1818)—white-shouldered fire-eye.    Typelocality. San Rafael National Park, Paraguay( 26°30'S, 55°47'W).    Typematerial. Ex  Pyriglena leucoptera: holotype ♀, San Rafael National Park, Paraguay( 26°30'S, 55°47'W),  21 August 2012, I. Literak( MMBC).  Paratypes: 6♀, 7♂with the same data as holotype ( MMBC).   Diagnosis.  Myrsidea pyriglenaebelongs to the  mcleannanispecies group ( sensu Price et al.2008b), based on the shape of the male genital sac sclerite and the deeply serrated female vulvar margin. According to setal counts and measurements, it is morphologically similar to  M. milleriPrice, Johnson & Dalgleish, 2008ex  Gymnopithys rufigula(Boddaert, 1783)from Venezuela. However, females of  M. pyriglenae n. sp.are distinguished from those of  M. milleriby having (1) modified tergites, especially enlarged tergite II ( Fig. 27), and (2) larger number of setae on tergite VII (14–16 vs 6–10), tergite VIII (8–9 vs 4), and on anal fringe (83–88 vs 64–74). Males of  M. pyriglenaediffer from those of  M. milleriby having a larger number of setae on tergites VII (11–15 vs 7–9) and VIII (7–8 vs 4). In addition, the host species of these two species of  Myrsidea(  Pyriglena leucopteraand  Gymnopithys rufigula) have different geographical distributions ( Clements et al.2017) and are not phylogenetically closely related ( Isler et al.2013). Considering genetic data,  M. pyriglenaeis closest to  M. patersoni Price & Johnson, 2009(see Remarks below), but these two species clearly differ in such significant characters as (1) female tergites having completely different shapes (compare Fig. 27with fig. 3 in Price & Johnson 2009), and (2) completely different genital sac sclerite in males (compare Figs 14–17with fig. 4 in Price & Johnson 2009).   Description. Female (n = 4).As in Figs 27and 43. Head with lateral sides of preantennal region conspicuously concave. Hypopharyngeal sclerites fully developed. Length of dhs10, 0.050–0.064; dhs11, 0.100– 0.113; ratio dhs10/11, 0.44–0.63; ls50.04–0.05 long, latero-ventral fringe with 9–10 setae. Gula with 4–5 setae on each side. Pronotum with 6 setae on posterior margin and 3 short spiniform setae at each lateral corner. First tibia with 3 outer ventro-lateral and 4 dorso-lateral setae. Metanotum not enlarged, with 4–7 marginal setae; metasternal plate with 6–7 setae; metapleurites with 3–4 short strong spiniform setae. Femur III with 14–16 setae in ventral setal brush. Tergites modified as on Fig. 27, with enlarged tergite II and widely convex posterior margin of tergites II and III. Abdominal segments with well-defined median gap in each row of tergal setae. Tergal setae: I, 5–8; II, 6– 8; III, 11–12; IV–V, 15–18; VI, 15–17; VII, 14–16; VIII, 8–9. Postspiracular setae very long on II, IV, VII and VIII (0.35–0.45); long on I (0.23); and short on III, V and VI (0.11–0.16). Inner posterior seta of last tergum not longer than anal fringe setae with length 0.07–0.09 inserted 0.060–0.075 from base of each very long seta; length of short lateral marginal seta of last segment, 0.03–0.04. Pleural setae: I, 6–8; II, 7–10; III, 7–9; IV, 8; V, 6–7; VI, 6; VII, 4– 5; VIII, 3. Pleurites V–VII with 1–2 somewhat slender and longer setae. Pleurite VIII with inner setae (0.06–0.08) as long as outer (0.05–0.06). Anterior margin of sternal plate II with a medial notch. Sternal setae: I, 0; II, 4–6 ineach aster: s1, 0.08–0.10; s2, 0.08–0.09; s3, 0.07–0.08; s4, 0.05–0.06; s5, 0.04; with 14–16 marginal setae between asters, 4–7 medioanterior; III, 27–30; IV, 3 3–36; V, 32–39; VI, 28–36; VII, 23–25; VIII–IX, 15–18; and 9–13 setae on deeply serrated vulvar margin; sternites without medioanterior setae. Anal fringe formed by 38–43 dorsal and 42–46 ventral setae. Dimensions: TW, 0.46–0.48; POW, 0.35; HL, 0.28–0.34; PW, 0.29–0.30; MW, 0.44–0.48; AWIV, 0.61–0.66; ANW, 0.21–0.26; TL, 1.55–1.63.  Male (n = 4).As in Fig. 44. Similar to female except as follows: length of dhs10, 0.040–0.058; dhs11, 0.089– 0.100; ratio dhs10/11, 0.45–0.64; ls50.04 long, latero-ventral fringe with 9–10 setae. Gula with 5 (one specimen with 4 on one side) setae on each side. First tibia with 3 outer ventro-lateral and 4–5 dorso-lateral setae. Metanotum not enlarged with 4 marginal setae; metasternal plate with 5–6 setae; metapleurites with 3 short spiniform strong setae. Femur III with 11–13 setae in ventral setal brush. Abdominal segments with well-defined median gap in each row of tergal setae. Tergal setae: I, 6–8; II, 6–11; III, 14–15; IV, 13–16; V, 15–17; VI, 14–18; VII, 11–15; VIII, 7–8. Postspiracular setae same with the same pattern as in female but shorter. Length of inner posterior seta of last tergum, 0.04–0.06; short lateral marginal seta of last segment, 0.02. Pleural setae: I, 5–6; II, 6–7; III, 7–8; IV, 6–7; V, 5–7; VI, 5–6; VII, 4; VIII, 3. Pleurites IV–VII with 0–3 slender and longer setae. Pleurite VIII with inner setae (0.04–0.05) as long as outer (0.04–0.05). Anterior margin of sternal plate II with a medial notch. Sternal setae: I, 0; II, 4–5 ineach aster: s1, 0.08–0.09; s2, 0.07–0.08; s3, 0.06; s4, 0.05–0.06; s5, 0.03; with 12–15 marginal setae between asters, 4–7 medioanterior; III, 1 9–27; IV, 25–29; V, 26–32; VI, 25–27; VII, 19–22; VIII, 7–11; remainder of plate, 8–11; and with 3–4 setae posteriorly; with 8–9 internal anal setae. Genital sac sclerite as in Figs 14–17. Dimensions: TW, 0.41–0.43; POW, 0.31–0.32; HL, 0.27–0.30; PW, 0.26–0.28; MW, 0.35–0.38; AWIV, 0.46–0.47; GW, 0.10–0.11; GSL, 0.08–0.09; TL, 1.25–1.33.   Etymology.The species epithet is a noun in apposition derived from the generic name of the typehost.   Remarks.This is the first record of  Myrsideafrom  Pyriglena leucoptera.A portion of COI gene was sequenced from specimens of  M. pyriglenaefrom  Paraguay(GenBank MF563533). Comparing our sequence with other known sequences of Neotropical  Myrsidea, the divergences exceeded 18% in all cases, the closest being that of  M. patersoni Price & Johnson, 2009(ex  Eucometis penicillata(Spix, 1825), family Thraupidae, GenBank GQ454448), with a p-distance of 18.2%. Unfortunately, there are no genetic sequences known from  M. milleri, the species morphologically closest to  M. pyriglenae. However, considering the combination of morphological differences with  M. patersoniand  M. milleri, and the large sequence divergence with  M. patersoni, we are confident that  M. pyriglenaeis a new, separate species. 1844420200 [199,999,1906,1931] Paraguay -26.5 San Rafael National Park 1241 -55.783333 17 418 1 holotype 1844420384 2012-08-21 MMBC I. Literak Paraguay -26.5 Ex 1241 -55.783333 San Rafael National Park 17 418 1 1 holotype 1844420418 [574,1250,1978,2003] 2012-08-21 MMBC I. Literak Paraguay -26.5 Ex 1241 -55.783333 San Rafael National Park 17 418 13 6 7 paratype